Betaine

製品コードS3755 バッチS375503

印刷

化学情報

Synonyms

trimethylglycine, glycine betaine, lycine, oxyneurine

Storage
(From the date of receipt)

3 years -20°C powder
1 years -80°C in solvent

化学式

C₅H₁₁NO₂

分子量

117.15

CAS No.

107-43-7

Solubility (25°C)*

体外

Water

23 mg/mL (196.32 mM)

Ethanol

23 mg/mL (196.32 mM)

DMSO

6 mg/mL (51.21 mM)

体内（毎回新しく調製した物を用意してください）

Homogeneous suspension	CMC-NA	≥5mg/ml	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 5 mg of this product to 1 ml of CMC-Na solution, mix evenly to obtain a homogeneous suspension with a final concentration of 5 mg/ml.
Clear solution	5%DMSO 1 40%PEG300 2 5%Tween80 3 50%ddH2O この製剤はselleckのラボで検証済みです。上記の溶解方法がご要望を満たさない場合、selleckの営業担当までお問い合わせ頂ければ、個別の試験を行います。	0.300mg/ml (2.56mM)	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 50 μL of 6 mg/ml clarified DMSO stock solution to 400 μL of PEG300, mix evenly to clarify it; add 50 μL of Tween80 to the above system, mix evenly to clarify; then continue to add 500 μL of ddH2O to adjust the volume to 1 mL. The mixed solution should be used immediately for optimal results.
Clear solution	5% DMSO 1 95% Corn oil この製剤はselleckのラボで検証済みです。上記の溶解方法がご要望を満たさない場合、selleckの営業担当までお問い合わせ頂ければ、個別の試験を行います。	0.300mg/ml (2.56mM)	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 50 μL of 6 mg/ml clear DMSO stock solution to 950 μL of corn oil and mix evenly. The mixed solution should be used immediately for optimal results.

* <1 mg/ml means slightly soluble or insoluble.
* Please note that Selleck tests the solubility of all compounds in-house, and the actual solubility may differ slightly from published values. This is normal and is due to slight batch-to-batch variations.

溶剤液（一定の濃度）を調合する

生物活性

製品説明	Betaine (trimethylglycine, glycine betaine, lycine, oxyneurine)は、砂糖大根から初めて単離されたグリシンのメチル誘導体であり、体内のタンパク質合成を促進する能力があるため、心臓病との闘い、体組成の改善、筋肉増強と脂肪減少の促進に潜在的な利点があることが示されています。
in vitro	Betaine shows negligible cytotoxicity even after long-term exposure of cells. It is rich in abundant microorganisms, plants, and animals. In human serum, the resting concentration of this compound ranges from ~2.3 to 8.2 mg/L. As a well-known osmoprotectant, it is able to protect cells against osmotically induced inactivation. This chemical could work as a nontoxic CPA and enable cells to survive ultrarapid cryopreservation to achieve superior cell survival efficiency. It is found that cellular uptake of this compound is ultra-rapid for intracellular protection during the freezing process. It stabilizes corneal epithelial cell volume under hyperosmotic stress and limits hyperosmotic stress-induced HCLE apoptosis.
in vivo	Betaine (glycine betaine or trimethylglycine) plays important roles as an osmolyte and a methyl donor in animals. In humans, this compound is obtained from the diet or from its metabolic precursor choline. It is utilized as a methyl donor in a reaction that converts homocysteine into methionine via betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase. This chemical also plays a role in osmotic regulation in the kidneys, which are routinely exposed to high extracellular osmolarity during normal operation of the urinary concentrating mechanism. Furthermore, dietary betaine suppresses the activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) with oxidative stress, and the protein expression of proinflammatory molecules such as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in aged rat kidneys. It has protective effects against LPS-induced memory impairment that are mediated through unique mechanisms involving its actions on GAT2, which is involved in the development of memory impairment, without affecting proinflammatory molecules or glial markers.

プロトコル(参考用のみ)

細胞アッセイ	細胞株	Human corneal limbal epithelial (HCLE) cells
	濃度	5 or 10 mM
	反応時間	16 h
	実験の流れ	Human corneal limbal epithelial (HCLE) cells exposed to culture medium for 16 h at 300 mOsm (isotonic) or 500 mOsm (hyperosmotic) in the presence or absence of this compound (5 or 10 mM) are evaluated for cell volume changes; cell viability; and apoptosis.
動物実験	動物モデル	Male ddY strain mice
	投薬量	0.081, 0.163, or 0.326 mmol/kg
	投与方法	s.c.

参考

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5118695/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3273450/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23246691/

Selleckの高級品が、幾つかの出版された研究調査結果（以下を含む）で使われた：

Hypoxanthine in the microenvironment can enable thiopurine resistance in acute lymphoblastic leukemia [ Front Oncol, 2024, 14:1440650]	PubMed: 39099696
Reactivated endogenous retroviruses promote protein aggregate spreading [ Nat Commun, 2023, 14(1):5034]	PubMed: 37596282

長期の保管のために-20°Cの下で製品を保ってください。

人間や獣医の診断であるか治療的な使用のためにでない。

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