EPAC2 Antibody [G13N1]

Catalog No.: F4664

Application: Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat

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代表番号: 045-509-1970|電子メール：sales@selleck.co.jp

使用情報

Dilution
WB1:1000

Application
WB

Source
Mouse Monoclonal Antibody

Reactivity
Human, Mouse, Rat

Storage Buffer
PBS, pH 7.2+50% Glycerol+0.05% BSA+0.01% NaN3

Storage (from the date of receipt)
-20°C (avoid freeze-thaw cycles), 2 years

Predicted MW
115 kDa

Datasheet & SDS

生物学的記述

Specificity
EPAC2 Antibody [G13N1] detects endogenous levels of total EPAC2 protein.

Clone
G13N1

Synonym(s)
Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4; Exchange factor directly activated by cAMP 2; Exchange protein directly activated by cAMP 2 (EPAC 2); cAMP-dependent Rap1 guanine-nucleotide exchange factor; cAMP-GEFII; Rapgef4; Cgef2; Epac2

Background
EPAC2 (Exchange Protein Directly Activated by cAMP 2, also known as RAPGEF4) is a multi-domain guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) that senses cAMP independently of PKA to activate the small GTPases Rap1 and Rap2. EPAC2 features an N-terminal regulatory region containing two cyclic nucleotide-binding domains (cNBD-A and cNBD-B) and a DEP domain, as well as a C-terminal catalytic region with a CDC25 homology domain (CDC25-HD) and a REM domain. In its inactive state, the regulatory region masks the catalytic lobe, but cAMP binding induces conformational changes, particularly hinge bending near Phe435, that relieve autoinhibition and expose the Rap-binding site. The CDC25-HD then facilitates GDP/GTP exchange on Rap GTPases, activating pathways that control actin cytoskeleton dynamics, cell adhesion, and junction formation. EPAC2 is highly expressed in the brain, pancreas, neuroendocrine tissues, and heart, where it regulates insulin granule exocytosis via Rim2 complexes, synaptic plasticity, neurotransmitter release, and neuronal signaling. Dysregulation of EPAC2 is linked to type 2 diabetes (due to impaired insulin secretion), glioma development, and cardiovascular disorders.

Background

EPAC2 (Exchange Protein Directly Activated by cAMP 2, also known as RAPGEF4) is a multi-domain guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) that senses cAMP independently of PKA to activate the small GTPases Rap1 and Rap2. EPAC2 features an N-terminal regulatory region containing two cyclic nucleotide-binding domains (cNBD-A and cNBD-B) and a DEP domain, as well as a C-terminal catalytic region with a CDC25 homology domain (CDC25-HD) and a REM domain. In its inactive state, the regulatory region masks the catalytic lobe, but cAMP binding induces conformational changes, particularly hinge bending near Phe435, that relieve autoinhibition and expose the Rap-binding site. The CDC25-HD then facilitates GDP/GTP exchange on Rap GTPases, activating pathways that control actin cytoskeleton dynamics, cell adhesion, and junction formation. EPAC2 is highly expressed in the brain, pancreas, neuroendocrine tissues, and heart, where it regulates insulin granule exocytosis via Rim2 complexes, synaptic plasticity, neurotransmitter release, and neuronal signaling. Dysregulation of EPAC2 is linked to type 2 diabetes (due to impaired insulin secretion), glioma development, and cardiovascular disorders.

References
[1] Schwede F, et al. PLoS Biol. 2015 Jan 20;13(1):e1002038. [2] Sugawara K, et al. Gene. 2016 Jan 10;575(2 Pt 3):577-83.

PVDFメンブレン孔径参考表

Protein Size (kDa)	PVDF Transfer Membrane Pore Size (μm)
< 10	0.22
10-20	0.22
20-30	0.45
30-45	0.45
45-70	0.45
80-100	0.45
100-140	0.45
> 140	0.45

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Protein Size (kDa)	Separating Gel Percentage
4-40	20%
12-45	15%
10-70	12.5%
15-100	10%
25-100	8%
60-210	5%