天然化合物ライブラリー <b>2634</b>種類の天然化合物コレクションです

天然化合物製品

製品コード	製品名	製品説明
E2641	trans-Chalcone	Trans-Chalcone, the backbone of flavonoids, also is a potent fatty acid synthase (FAS) with IC50 of 17.1 μg/mL, and α-amylase inhibitor, causes cellcycle arrest and induces apoptosis in the breastcancer cell line MCF-7, exerting antifungal and anticancer activities.
E0738	Gipsoside	Gypenoside is a triterpene saponin from gypsophila paniculata L.
E0831	Pseudocoptisine chloride	Pseudocoptisine chloride (Isocoptisine chloride) is a quaternary alkaloid with benzylisoquinoline skeleton isolated from Corydalis Tuber, inhibits acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity with an IC50 of 12.8 μM, showing anti-inflammatory and anti-amnestic effects.
S8233	Prodigiosin	Prodigiosin is a red pigment produced by bacteria as a bioactive secondary metabolite, also is a potent inhibitor of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
E1138	CQ31	CQ31, a xylanase-producing fungus selected from the soil, can use several agricultural solid wastes to ferment high-yield xylanase, in which the corn stalk is the best carbon source.
E3505	Shrubalthea Flower Extract
E3503	Papaya Leaf Extract
E3684	Semen Persicae Extract
E3685	Ampelopsis grossedentata Extract
E3686	60% Garcinia cambogia Extract
E3687	Radix Actinidiae Extract
E3698	Stevia rebaudiana Extract
E3725	Sapindus saponaria Linnaeus nutshell Extract (40%)
E3726	Sapindus saponaria Linnaeus nutshell Extract (70%)
E3727	Daphne genkwa Sieb.et Zucc. Extract
E3728	Brassica rapa Extract
E3729	Ulmus macrocarpa Hance seeds Extract
E3730	Tetradium ruticarpum fruits Extract
E3731	Chinese Gallnut Extract
E3732	Cortex Acanthopanacis Senticosus Extract
E3733	Faeces Trogopterori Extract
E3734	Schisandrae Chinensis fructus Extract	Schisandrae Chinensis fructus Extract is extracted from Schisandra chinensis Fructus, the dry ripe fruit of <i>Schisandra chinensis</i> (Turcz.) Baill.. Schisandrae Chinensis fructus is mainly used for the treatment of dysphoria and palpitation, insomnia. Schisandrae Chinensis fructus and its active ingredients show a protective role in Neurological diseases, including cerebrovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, or depression.
E3735	Ficus hirta Vahl Extract
E3736	Gymnema sylvestre Extract
E3752	Abrus precatorius Bean Extract
E3773	Marasmius Extract
E3778	Magnoliae Flos Extract
E3822	Coix Lacryma-Jobi Seed Extract Extract	Coix lacryma-jobi seed Extract is extracted from Coix lacryma-jobi L.. Coix lacryma-jobi seed has anti-inflammatory activity, hypoglycemic activity, the ability to decrease the amount of lipid components in the serum and hypocholesterolemic activity.
E3837	Citrus Maxima Peel Extract
E3647	Pyrrosiae Folium Extract
E3041	Alpiniae Katsumadai Extract
E3061	Castor Bean Extract
E3063	Pygeum Topengii Bark Extract
E3123	Rhubarb Extract
E3127	Rice Flour Extract
E3129	Garlic Extract (1%)
E3166	Fermented Blank Bean Extract
E3167	Amomum Kravanh Fruit Extract
E3174	Eucommia Extract (Bark, Branch and Leaf)
E3201	Honey Extract
E3221	Downy Rosemyrtle Root Extract
E3289	Knoxia Valerianoides Extract
E3365	Weigela Grandiflora Fortune Extract
E3392	Balsam Pear Extract
E3458	Ilex Paraguariensis Extract
E3485	Matcha Powder
E3507	Rose-of-Sharon Seed Extract
E3521	Auricledleaf Swallowwort Root Extract
E3544	Cattail Pollen Extract
E3759	Periploca Sepium Extract
E3764	Rose Pelargonium Leaf Extract
E3847	Fructus Akebiae Extract
E3876	Processed Aconite Extract
E3522	Achyranthes bidentata root Extract
E3523	Antrodia cinnamomea Extract
E3524	Oregano Extract
E3525	Origanum vulgare leaf Extract
E3526	Clematis apiifolia Extract
E3527	Glossy privet fruit Extract
E3528	Parsley Extract
E3529	Achillea millefolium Extract
E3530	Boat-fruited sterculia seed Extract
E3532	Wedelia Extract
E3533	Loquat leaf Extract
E3534	Hops Extract
E3535	Japanese ardisia Extract
E3536	Oyster mushroom Extract
E3537	Apple cider vinegar Extract
E3538	Apple Extract
E3539	Grape skin Extract
E3540	Grapefruit Extract
E3541	Grapefruit Seed Extract
E3543	Dandelion Extract
E3545	Pu-erh tea Extract
E3547	Extract of Scandent Schefflera Stem and Leaf
E3548	Chia seed Extract
E3549	Qamgur Extract
E3550	Philippine flemingia root Extract
E3551	Stephania Extract
E3552	Euphorbia lathyris Extract
E3553	Climbing groundsel Extract
E3554	Rhizoma homalomenae Extract
E3555	Acmella oleracea Extract
E3556	Pharbitis Extract
E3557	Radix Peucedani Extract
E3558	Euryale ferox Extract
E3559	Radix rubiae Extract
E3560	Incised notopterygium rhizome Extract
E3561	Polygonum fagopyrum seed Extract
E3563	Eggplant Extract
E3564	Celery Extract
E3565	Celery seed Extract
E3566	Largeleaf Gentian Root Extract
E3567	Ash bark Extract
E3568	Natural indigo Extract
E3569	Caulis sinomenii Extract
E3570	Artemisia annua Extract
E3571	Green Walnut Husk Extract
E3572	Green Tangerine peel Extract
E3580	Ginseng Extract	Ginseng is one of the most widely used herbal remedies, because it is believed to improve energy, physical and emotional health, and well-being.
E3645	Pomegranate seed Extract
E3646	Selaginella Doederleinii Extract
E3648	Pyrrosia lingua Extract
E3649	Centaurea cyanus Extract
E3650	Diospyroskaki leaf Extract
E3651	Lycopodiastrum casuarinoides Extract
E3652	Rehmanniae radix praeparata Extract
E3654	Althaea rosea Extract(root)
E3655	Althaea rosea Extract(leaves)
E3656	Dichroa febrifuga Extract
E3657	Salvia japonica Extract
E3659	Silybum mariamum Extract
E3660	Polypodiodes niponica Extract
E3661	Prunus persica Extract
E3662	Buffalo Horn Extract
E3663	Retinerus luffae Fructus Extract
E3664	Luffa Cylindrica Stem Extract
E3665	60% Yucca schidigera Extract
E3666	Chloranthus helostegius Extract
E3667	Pine pollen Extract (flower)
E3668	Pine pollen Extract (flower bud )
E3669	Pine Nodular Branch Extract
E3670	Pine Bark Extract	Pine Bark Extract is extracted from Pine bark. Pine bark extract is rich in bioflavonoids, predominantly proanthocyanidins, which are antioxidants. Pine Bark extract is used for preventing or treating various chronic conditions associated with oxidative stress. This is an update of a previously published review.
E3671	Mesembryanthemum spectabile Extract
E3672	Pine needles Extract
E3673	Pine nuts Extract
E3674	Caesalpinia sappan Extract
E3676	Prunus cerasus Extract
E3677	Semen Ziziphi Spinosae Extract
E3678	Vitex agnus-castus Extract
E3679	Semen aesculi Extract
E3680	Aesculus chinensis Bunge fruits Extract
E3681	Cynomorium Songaricum Extract
E3682	Pseudostellaria heterophylla Extract
E3683	Santalum album Extract
E3444	Spirulina Extract
E3445	Roselle Extract
E3446	Chinese Starjasmine stem Extract
E3447	Air-Plant herb Extract
E3449	Green tea Extract
E3450	Phaseolus radiatus seed Extract
E3451	Mung bean peel Extract
E3452	Green Coffee bean Extract
E3453	Gnetum parvifolium Extract
E3454	Verbena herbs Extract
E3455	Puff-ball Extract
E3456	Purslane Extract
E3459	Malan Extract
E3460	Bones of Cervus elaphus’ Extract
E3461	Strychnos Extract
E3462	Coriaria Root Extract
E3463	Masson pine needle Extract
E3464	Maca extract
E3465	Radix Ophiopogonis Extract
E3466	Barley grass Extract
E3467	Malt fruit Extract
E3468	Chasteberry Extract
E3470	Mango leaf Extract
E3471	Mang Grass Extract
E3472	Spicate clerodendranthus Extract
E3473	Ternate buttercup root Extract
E3474	Fructus Chebulae Extract
E3475	Coleus forskohlii Extract
E3477	Rose hip Extract
E3482	Myrtle Extract
E3483	Bee flower Extract
E3486	Jasmine flower Extract
E3488	Fucus vesiculosis Extract
E3489	Cuttlefish grass Extract
E3487	Ecliptae Herba Extract
E3490	Peony flower Extract
E3491	Paeonia suffruticosa root bark Extract
E3492	Vitex negundo seed Extract
E3493	Oyster Extract
E3494	Oyster Shell Extract
E3495	Oyster Peptide	Oyster peptide is derived from oyster meat by modern bio-enzymatic hydrolysis technology, and further separation, purification, deodorization and spray drying process.
E3497	Momordicae Semen Extract
E3498	Pigeon pea leaves Extract
E3484	Ashitaba Extract
E3480	Rosemary Extract
E3478	Rose Extract
E3476	Myrrh Extract
E3448	Chinese Astilbe rhizome Extract
E3469	Cranberry Extract
E3499	Basella rubra Extract
E3500	Agaric Extract
E3501	Hibiscus mutabilis flower Extract
E3502	Papaya Extract
E3504	Oroxylum indicum seed Extract
E3506	Hibiscus bark Extract
E3508	Magnolia Obovata Extract
E3509	Akebia quinata Extract
E3510	Costustoot Extract
E3512	Milk thistle Extract
E3513	Pumpkin seed Extract
E3514	Burdock root Extract
E3515	Great Burdock Achene Extract
E3516	Beautiful millettia root Extract
E3517	Ox-gall Extract
E3518	Daphniphyllum calycinum Extract
E3519	OX liver Extract
E3520	Beef tendon grass Extract
E3199	Petasites Japonicus Extract
E3200	Bee Pollen Extract
E3203	Hibiscus Flower Extract
E3204	Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus Extract
E3206	Spirodelae Herba Extract
E3207	Blighted Wheat Extract
E3208	White Prepared Lateral Root of Aconite Extract
E3209	Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata Extract
E3210	Rubi Fructus Extract
E3212	Prunus Humilis Bunge Extract
E3213	Glycyrrhizae Rhizoma Extract
E3214	Nardostachyos Rhizoma Extract
E3215	Kansui Radix Extract
E3216	Citrus Extract
E3217	Penthorum Chinense Pursh Extract
E3218	Zingiberis Rhizoma Extract
E3219	Flos Ascheri Extract
E3222	Sedum Aizoon Extract
E3223	Alpiniae Officinarum Rhizoma Extract
E3224	Puerariae Lobatae Radix Extract
E3225	Pueraria Flower Extract
E3226	Devil's Claw Extract
E3340	Jiao San Xian Extract	Jiao Sanxian is composed of Jiao Malt(Coke Malt), Jiao Hawthorn (Coke Hawthorn) and Jiao Shenqu.
E3354	Camellia nitidissima Extract
E3355	Cinchona Extract
E3356	Witch hazel Extract
E3357	Lysimachia christinae Hance extract
E3358	Rhizoma fagopyri dibotryis Extract
E3360	Lonicera japonica Extract	Lonicera japonica Extract (Japanese honeysuckle Extract), isolated from the leaves and flowers of Lonicera japonica (Japanese honeysuckle), possesses antipyretic, antibiotic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities.
E3361	Calendula officinalis flower Extract
E3362	Enoki mushroom Extract
E3363	Decumbent Bugle Herb Extract
E3364	Physalis alkekengi Extract
E3366	Fineleaf schizonepeta herb Extract
E3367	Garlic chives Extract
E3368	Chinese Chive seed Extract
E3369	Radix Platycodonis Extract
E3371	Chrysanthemi Extract
E3372	Chicory Extract
E3374	Exocarpium Citri Rubrum Extract
E3376	Saw palmetto Extract
E3377	Symphytum officinale Extract
E3378	Selaginella Extract
E3379	Cassia seed Extract
E3380	Coffee fruit Extract
E3381	Cabinda Extract
E3382	Camu Camu fruit Extract
E3383	Kacip fatimah Extract
E3384	Kava Extract
E3385	Cocoa Extract
E3386	Wormwood Extract
E3387	Sophora flavescens Extract
E3388	Latifolin Extract
E3389	Sophora alopecuroides seed Extract
E3391	Balsam Pear Powder
E3393	Fructus azedarach Extract
E3394	Quassia Extract
E3395	Tartary buckwheat Extract
E3396	Bitter almond Extract
E3397	Coltsfoot Extract
E3398	Sunflower dish Extract
E3399	Kelp Extract
E3400	Chili pepper Extract
E3401	Polygonum hydropiper Extract
E3402	Moringa oleifera leaf Extract
E3403	Moringa pterygosperma seed Extract
E3404	Radish seed Extract
E3405	Eupatorium fortunei Extract
E3407	Blueberry Extract
E3408	Radix Euphorbiae Ebracteolatae Extract
E3409	Geranium wilfordii Extract
E3406	Blue indigo Extract
E3410	Tripterygium wilfordii Extract
E3411	Veratrum nigrum L. Extract
E3412	Quinoa Extract
E3413	Plum Extract
E3414	Semen litchi Extract
E3415	Forsythia suspensa Extract
E3416	Lotus seed Extract
E3417	Nitidum Extract
E3418	Rhizoma Anemones Raddeanae Extract
E3419	Ganoderma lucidum Extract
E3420	Trumpet creeper Extract
E3421	Diverse wormwood herb Extract
E3422	Spearmint Extract
E3423	Gentian Extract
E3424	Solanum nigrum Extract
E3425	Dragon's blood Extract
E3426	Piper betle L. Extract
E3427	Uniflower swisscentaury root Extract
E3428	Reed rhizome Extract
E3429	Aloe vera Extract
E3431	Asparagus Extract
E3432	Calamine Extract
E3434	Deer antler velvet Extract
E3433	Rhaponticum carthamoides transformed root Extract
E3435	Pyrola herb Extract
E3436	Liquidambar formosana Extract
E3437	Apocynum venetum Extract
E3438	Momordica grosvenori Extract
E3439	Basil Extract
E3440	Tamarind Extract
E3441	Radish root Extract
E3442	Radish leaves Extract
E3359	Honeysuckle flower Extract
E3811	Cashew Extract
E3812	Rhamnus Cathartica Extract
E3813	Chrysanthemum Indicum Extract Extract
E3814	Phyllanthus Urinaria Extract
E3815	Caulis Polygoni Multiflori Extract Extract
E3816	Emilia Sonchifolia Extract
E3817	Eucalyptus Globulus Fruit Extract Extract
E3818	Solidago Decurrens Extract
E3820	Leonurus Japonicus Extract
E3821	Alpinia Oxyphyllae Extract
E3824	Scepteridium Ternatum Extract
E3825	Herba Artemisiae Capillaris Extract Extract
E3826	Tremella Extract Extract
E3827	Ginkgo Biloba Extract Extract	Ginkgo biloba Extract is extracted from the leaves of the Ginkgo biloba L.. Ginkgo biloba Extract is used in an extensive range of disorders and diseases, including depressed mood, multi-infarct dementia, cerebral insufficiency (characterized by symptoms such as memory impairment, poor concentration, anxiety, and confusion), myocardial ischemia, stroke, thrombosis, and peripheral occlusive arterial disease (POAD).
E3829	Epimedium Brevicornu Extract
E3830	Prunus Serrulata Extract
E3831	Cherry Powder Extract (Pink) Extract
E3832	Cherry Extract Extract
E3833	Cherry Extract (Brown) Extract
E3834	Jasminum Nudiflorum Extract
E3835	Cordyceps Militaris Extract
E3836	Cole Flowers Extract
E3838	Phyllanthus Emblica Extract
E3839	Houttuynia Cordata Extract Extract
E3840	Ulmus Pumila Bark Extract
E3841	Kale Extract
E3842	Corn Extract
E3843	Corn Stigma Extract Extract
E3844	Polygonatum Odoratum Extract
E3845	Radix Curcumae Root Extract Extract
E3846	Semen Pruni Extract
E3848	Hypericum Sampsonii Extract
E3849	Scrophularia Ningpoensis Extract
E3850	Rhizoma Corydalis Extract
E3851	Radix Polygalae Extract
E3852	Oenothera Biennis Extract
E3853	Blueberry Fruit Extract
E3854	Coriolus Versicolor Extract
E3855	Ruta Graveolens Extract
E3857	Gieditsia Sinensis Lam Fruit Extract
E3858	Quillaia Extract Extract
E3859	Lycopus Extract
E3860	Euphorbia Helioscopia Extract
E3861	Rhizoma Alismatis Extract
E3862	Japanese Xylosma Twig Extract
E3863	Swertia Bimaculata Extract
E3864	Cockroach Extract
E3865	Catharanthus Roseus Extract
E3867	Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus Extract
E3868	Pearl Extract
E3869	Anemarrhena Extract
E3870	Gardenia Fruit Extract	Gardenia fruit Extract is extracted from the fruits of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis., a flowering plant belonging to Rubiaceae family. Gardenia fruit is used not only as a food coloring but also as a medicine to treat hepatic disorders, headache, jaundice, inflammation, and hypertension.
E3871	Valeriana Root Extract
E3872	Hovenia Dulcis Fruit Extract
E3873	Hovenia Dulcis Seed Extract
E3874	Hovenia Dulcis Extract
E3875	Unripe Bitter Orange Extract
E3877	Processed Cyperus Extract
E3878	Stalactitum Extract
E3879	Glabrous Sarcandra Herb Extract
E3880	Rhizoma Paridis Extract Extract
E3881	Swine'S Gallbladder Extract
E3882	Swine'S Liver Extract	Pig's liver Extract is extract from the liver of swine, a valuable edible slaughter by-products suitable for human consumption.
E3883	Umbellate Pore Fungus Extract
E3884	Galium Aparine Extract
E3885	Swine‘S Pancreas Extract
E3886	Bamboo Sap Extract
E3887	Bamboo Shaving Extract
E3888	Cortex Illicii Extract
E3889	Cumin Extract
E3890	Lithospermum Erythrorhizon Extract
E3891	Red Cabbages Extract
E3892	Viola Philphica Munda Extract
E3893	Alfalfa Extract
E3894	Ardisia Japonica Extract
E3895	Perilla Frutescens Extract
E3896	Perilla Leaf Extract
E3897	Purple Perilla Seed Extract
E3898	Radix Asteris Extract
E3899	Echinacea Extract (flower)	Purple coneflower Extract is extracted from purple coneflower, the flower of Echinacea purpurea, Echinacea angustifolia or Echinacea pallida. Purple coneflower is used as a treatment for respiratory tract infections and inflammatory conditions, including common cold, coughs, bronchitis, and inflammation of mouth and pharynx.
E3900	Echinacea Extract
E3901	Ribes Henryi Root Extract
E3801	Morchella Extract
E3802	Inula Cappa Extract
E3803	Goat Liver Powder Extract
E3804	Aspen Flower Extract Extract
E3805	Psyllium Husk Extract
E3806	Allium Cepa Extract
E3807	Chamomile Extract Extract
E3808	Jerusalem Artichoke Extract
E3809	Datura Metel Extract
E3810	Bauhinia Variegata Extract
E3700	Descurainiae Semen Lepidii Semen Extract
E3701	Phryma Leptostachya L. var. asiatica Hara Extract
E3702	Eupolyphage sinensis Walker Extract
E3703	Talinum paniculatum Extract
E3704	Rumex madaio Makino Extract
E3705	Smilax glabra Extract
E3706	Cortex pseudolaricis Extract
E3707	Chenopodium ambrosioides Extract
E3708	Cephaelis ipecacuanha Extract
E3709	Lagotis glauca Extract
E3710	Chinese Dodder Seed Extract
E3712	Pisum sativum Extract
E3713	Vaccariae semen Extract
E3714	Clematis chinensis Extract
E3715	Crinum Asiaticum Extract
E3716	Equisetum arvense Extract
E3717	Lactuca sativa Extract
E3718	Marsdeniae Tenocissimae Extract
E3719	Seed of Chinese Tallowtree Extract
E3720	Oolong tea Extract
E3721	Fructus mume Extract
E3722	Zaocys dhumnades Extract
E3723	Lindera aggregata leaves Extract
E3724	Ficus carica Extract
E3737	Passiflora caerulea Linnaeus Extract
E3738	Lycopersicon esculentum Miller Extract
E3739	Panax quinquefolium Extract
E3740	Isodon serra Extract
E3741	Herba Siegesbeckiae Extract
E3742	SHILAJIT Asphaltum Extract
E3743	Asarum heterotropoides Extract
E3744	Prunella Vulgaris Extract
E3745	Corydalis decumbens Extract
E3746	hsian-tsao Extract
E3747	Agrimonia pilosa Extract
E3748	Epimedium Extract
E3749	Curculigo orchioides Extract
E3750	Opuntia dillenii Extract
E3753	Coriander Extract
E3754	Coriander Roots Extract
E3755	Cyperus Rotundus Extract
E3756	Vetiveria Zizanioides Extract
E3757	Shiitake Mushroom Extract
E3760	Cymbopogon Citratus Extract
E3761	Elsholtzia Ciliata Extract
E3762	Amomum Extract
E3763	Sweet Potatoes Extract
E3765	Citrus Medica Extract
E3766	Feverfew Extract Extract
E3767	Justicia Gendarussa Extract
E3768	Foeniculum Vulgare Extract
E3769	Cirsium Setosum Extract Extract
E3770	Wheat Germ Extract Extract
E3771	Millet Extracts Extract
E3772	Eyebright Extract Extract
E3774	Chlorella Pyrenoidosa Extract
E3775	Valeriana Officinalis Extract
E3776	Allium Macrostemnon Extract
E3777	Tinospora Cordifolia Extract
E3780	Oyster Mushroom Extract Extract
E3781	Bombyx Moril Extract
E3782	Arctostaphylos Uva Ursi Leaf Extract
E3783	Spiraea Salicifolia Extract
E3784	Cynanchum Paniculatum Extract
E3785	Radix Dipsaci Extract
E3786	Radix Scrophulariae Extract
E3787	Flos Inulae Extract
E3788	Smallanthus Sonchifolius Extract
E3789	Saussurea Involucrata Extract
E3790	Sambucus Adnata Extract
E3791	Surgentodoxa Cuneata Extract
E3792	Lavandula Angustifolia Extract
E3793	Urtica Fissa Extract
E3794	Brucea Javanica Extract
E3796	Flaxseed Extract
E3795	Commelina Communis Extract
E3797	Butea Superba Extract
E3798	Avena Sativa L. Extract
E3799	Arrhenatherum Elatius Extract	Arrhenatherum elatius Extract is extracted from <I>Arrhenatherum elatius</i> (L.) Pressl.. Arrhenatherum elatius has ability to remove heavy metals from soil.
E3800	Nidus Collocaliae Extract
E3576	Semen celosiae Extract
E3577	Okra Extract
E3579	Undaria pinnatifida Extract
E3582	Ginseng leaf Extract
E3583	Honeysuckle flower Extract
E3584	Lonicera japonica vine Extract
E3585	Desertliving cistanche herb Extract
E3586	Myristica fragrans Extract
E3587	Cinnamon Extract
E3588	Boswellia Extract
E3589	Evodia Lepta Bark Extract
E3591	Common burreed tuber Extract
E3592	Panax notoginseng Root Extract
E3590	Radix berberidis Extract
E3593	Panax notoginseng Rhizoma Extract
E3594	Radix tetrastigme Extract
E3595	White mulberry root-bark Extract
E3596	Phellinus linteus Extract
E3597	Herba taxilli Extract
E3598	Morus alba bark Extract
E3599	Mantis egg-case Extract
E3600	Mulberry Extract
E3601	Mulberry Extract (leaves)	Mulberry Extract (leaves) is extracted from Mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaves , which are traditional Chinese herbs. Mulberry leaves exert several biological functions, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammation, antidiabetic, and antitumor.
E3658	Double coptis chinensis Extract
E3689	Radix Asparagi Extract	Radix Asparagi Extract is extracted from the dry root of Asparagus cochinchinensis (Lour.) Merr.(Liliaceae). Asparagi radix is efficacious against inflammation diseases due to its high antioxidant activity. The extract from Asparagi radix can inhibit browning reaction of mushroom, similar to ascorbic acid.
E3690	Semiaquilegiae Radix Extract
E3691	Gastrodia Rhizome Extract
E3692	lucid asparagus Extract
E3693	Arisaema erubescens Extract
E3694	Geranium Extract
E3695	Hypericum japonicum Extract
E3696	Panax notoginseng Extract
E3578	Fringed pink Extract
E3139	Angelica Sinensis Extract
E3169	Angelicae Pubescentis Radix Extract
E3170	Typhonium giganteum Engl Extract
E3171	Lamiophlomis Herba Extract
E3172	Juniper Berry Extract
E3173	Eucommiae Cortex Extract
E3175	Eucommia Ulmoides Male Flower Extract
E3176	Curcumae Rhizoma Extract
E3177	Centipeda Minima Extract
E3178	Catechu Extract
E3179	Pinelliae Preparatum Rhizoma Extract
E3181	Anona Squamosa Leaf Extract
E3182	Carica Papaya Fruit Extract
E3183	Carica Papaya Leaf Extract
E3184	Solanum Lycopersicum Extract
E3185	Psidium Guajava Extract
E3186	Sennae Folium Extract
E3187	Descolor Cinquefoil Herb Extract
E3188	Cissus Quadrangularis Extract
E3189	Saposhnikoviae Radix Extract
E3190	Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix Extract
E3191	Euphorbia Hirta Extract
E3193	Saponaria Officinalis Extract
E3194	Torreyae Semen Extract
E3195	Combretumalfredii Hance Extract
E3196	Suzuki Extract
E3197	Canarii Fructus Extract
E3198	Kadsura longipedunculata Ratan Extract
E3227	Uncaria Extract
E3228	Cynodon Dactylon Extract
E3229	Lycii Fructus Extract
E3230	Eriocauli Flos Extract
E3231	Setariae Fructus Germinatus Extract
E3232	Rhizoma Drynariae Extract
E3233	Trichosanthis Fructus Extract
E3234	Trichosanthis Pericarpium Extract
E3235	Hypericum Perforatum Extract
E3236	Champion Wood Fern Extract
E3237	Euonymus alatus Sieb Extract
E3238	Bidens Bipinnata Extract
E3239	Osmanthus Extract
E3240	Longan Extract
E3241	Cinnamomi Ramulus Extract
E3242	Gecko Extract
E3243	Pinus Pinaster Bark Extract
E3244	Laminaria Japonica Extract
E3245	Piperis Kadsurae Caulis Extract
E3246	Lygodii Spora Extract
E3247	Hainan Nightshade Fruit Extract
E3248	Oriental Variegated Coralbean Bark Extract
E3299	Polygonum Cuspidatum Extract
E3300	Pericarpium Zanthoxyli peel Extract
E3301	Peanut hull Extract
E3302	Peanut seed coat Extract
E3303	Achyranthes bidentata Blume root Extract	Achyranthes bidentata Blume root Extract, isolated from the dried roots of Achyranthes bidentata Blume, has a beneficial effect on inhibition of adipogenesis and controlling body weight in rats fed with a high-fat diet.
E3304	Sophora japonica fruit Extract	Sophora japonica fruit Extract (Fructus Sophorae Extract, Rexflavone), isolated from the fruits of <i>Sophora japonica</i>, contains high contents of isoflavones, and is a health functional food ingredient that significantly improves the menopausal index.
E3305	Sophora flower Extract	Sophora flower Extract is extracted from dried flowers of <i>Sophora japonica</i> (Huaihua), which is used in China, Japan and Korea for treating haematemesis and bleeding haemorrhoids.
E3306	Phellodendron amurense bark Extract	Phellodendron amurense bark Extract (Nexrutine), isolated from the barks of <i>Phellodendron amurense</i>, has shown a favorable effect on prostate cancer in vivo and in vitro.
E3308	Daylily flower Extract	Daylily flower Extract, isolated from the flower and bud parts of Hemerocallis citrina, has the effects of neuroprotection.
E3309	Polygala fallax Hemsl. rhizome Extract
E3310	Brassica juncea seed Extract	Brassica juncea seed Extract, isolated from the seeds of brown (<i>Brassica juncea</i>) mustard, contains abundant phenolic compound.
E3311	Rhizoma polygonati root Extract	Rhizoma polygonati root Extract, isolated from the roots of <i>Rhizoma polygonati</i>, has been used for a long history with many chemical components in inducing anti-cancer, anti-aging, anti-diabetes, anti-fatigue, and more prevention of diseases or acts as nutrition sources in food
E3312	Rhizoma Coptidis Root Extract	Rhizoma coptidis root Extract, isolated from the dried roots of medicinal plants from <i>Rhizoma coptidis</i> (Ranunculaceae), has been used by Chinese medicinal physicians for more than 2000 years.
E3313	Rhizoma Coptidis Fibrous Root Extract
E3315	Astragalus rhizome Extract	Astragalus rhizome Extract, isolated from the rhizome of Radix Astragali, contains main constituents of polysaccharides, flavonoids, and saponins, amino acids and trace elements, with anti-inflammatory, immunomodulation, anti-oxidant, and anticancer effects.
E3316	Scutellariae rhizome Extract	Scutellariae rhizome Extract is isolated from the rhizome of <i>Scutellaria baicalensis</i>, which contains baicalin as a main constituent, has long been used in China, Japan, and Korea as a traditional medicine and functional food for inflammation, fever, hepatitis, allergic disease, hypertension, etc.
E3317	Okra fruit Extract	Okra fruit extract (Abelmoschus esculentus fruit extract), isolated from the fruits of <i>Abelmoschus esculentus</i>, is used as an alternative treatment because of its various medicinal properties, such as antidiabetic, antioxidant, antiplasmodial, antibacterial, anticancer, analgesic, antidiarrheal, and anti-inflammatory properties.
E3318	Cistus Incanus Extract	Cistus Incanus Extract, isolated from Mediterranean shrub species Cistus incanus L., is rich in polyphenolic compounds, possesses significant antioxidant activity, and may be effective active ingredients for the cosmetic industry.
E3319	Grifola frondosa Extract
E3321	Fructus cannabis Extract
E3322	Agastache rugosa Extract
E3323	Plumeria rubra Extract
E3324	Herba abri Extract
E3325	Croton crassifolius Geisel. Extract
E3326	Gizzard pepsin Extract
E3327	Chinese fevervine herb Extract
E3328	Suberect spatholobus stem Extract
E3329	Centella asiatica Extract
E3330	Agaricus blazei Extract
E3331	Impatiens balsamina L. Extract
E3332	Nerium oleander Extract
E3333	Viburnum dilatatum Extract
E3334	Bacopa monniera Extract
E3335	Curcuma longa Extract
E3337	Larva of a Silkworm with Batrytis Extract
E3338	Lignum Dalbergiae odoriferae Extract
E3339	Malt Extract
E3341	Hawthorn Extract
E3342	Carob bean Extract
E3343	Gynostemma pentaphyllum Extract	Gynostemma pentaphyllum Extract, isolated from the herb of <i>Gynostemma pentaphyllum</i>, enhances exercise performance by promoting myotube differentiation and mitochondrial metabolism through the upregulation of PGC-1α in C2C12 skeletal muscle.
E3344	Yeast extract
E3345	ElderBerry Extract
E3346	Oriental Paperbush flower Extract
E3347	Mustard Extract
E3348	Capsella bursa-pastoris Extract
E3349	Broccoli Extract
E3350	Goodyera kwangtungensis Tso. extract
E3351	Abrus mollis Extract
E3352	Radix Tinosporae Extract
E3353	Acacia farnesiana Extract
E3574	Cyclocarya paliurus Extract
E3121	Chaulmoogratree Seed Extract
E3307	Soybean Extract	Soybean Extract, isolated from the seeds of Soybean, modulates retinoic acid-related genes and shows photo-protective effects, suggesting that soybean Extract could be an anti-ageing ingredient that can be safely used under the sunlight.
E2762	Azadirachtin B	Azadirachtin B, a limonoid isolated from seed kernels of <i>Azadirachta indica</i>, has insecticidal, nematocidal, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antiviral and osteogenic properties.
E3122	Arecae Pericarpium Extract
E3124	Cirsii Japonici Herba Extract
E3125	Hordeum Vulgare Extract
E3126	Rice Extract
E3128	Isatidis Folium Extract
E3130	Garlic Extract
E3131	Jujubae Fructus Extract
E3132	Citrus Aurantium Flower Extract
E3134	Sphaeranthus Africanus Extract
E3135	Salvia Miltiorrhiza Extract
E3137	Fermented Soybean Extract
E3138	Lophatheri Herba Extract
E3141	Codonopsis Pilosula Extract
E3142	Semen Canavaliae Extract
E3143	Ground Ginseng Extract
E3145	Kochiae Fructus Extract
E3146	Sweet Potato Root Extract
E3148	Euphorbiae Humifusae Herba Extract
E3149	Pheretima Extract
E3150	Dinian Herb Extract
E3151	Sanguisorbae Radix Extract
E3152	Junci Medulla Extract
E3153	Corchorus Olitorius Extract
E3154	Hanging vine fruit extract
E3156	Clitoria Ternatea Flower Extract
E3157	Erycibes Caulis Extract
E3158	Caryophylli Flos Flower Extract
E3159	Caryophylli Flos Extract
E3160	Eurycoma Longifolia Extract
E3162	Wax Gourd Peel Extract
E3163	Fructus Cucurbitae Extract
E3164	Malvae Fructus Extract
E3165	Rabdosiae Rubescentis Herba Extract
E3168	Bean Sprout Extract
E3034	Cynanchi Atrati Extract
E3035	Dittany Bark Extract
E3037	Solanum lyratum Extract
E3038	White Kidney Bean Extract
E3039	Angelica Root Extract
E3040	Stemonae Extract
E3042	Lily Bulbs Extract
E3043	Thymus Serpillum Extract
E3044	Passion Fruit Extract
E3045	Chinese Arborvilea Seed Extract
E3047	Isatis Extract
E3048	Chestnut Extract
E3049	Lobeliae Chinensis Extract
E3050	Pinelliae Extract
E3051	Scutellaria Barbata Extract
E3046	Patriniae Extract
E3052	Cabbage Extract
E3053	Mentha Arvensis Leaf Extract
E3054	Primula Malacoides Extract
E3055	Rhizoma Menispermi Extract
E3056	Coasial GIehnia Root Extract
E3059	Piper longum Extract
E3060	Dioscorea Sativa Extract
E3064	Polygonum Aviculare Extract
E3065	Lentil Extract
E3066	Miraclefruit Extract
E3067	Trionycis Carapax Extract
E3068	Arccae Semen Extract
E3069	Spinach Extract
E3070	Macleaya Cordata Extract
E3071	Malaytea Scurfpea Extract
E3072	Paniculata Extract
E3073	Silkworm Chrysalis Extract
E3074	Xanthium Sibiricum Extract
E3075	Atractylodis Rhizoma Extract
E3076	Brown Rice Extract
E3077	Tsaoko Fructus Extract
E3078	Sarcandra Glabra Extract
E3079	Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix Extract
E3080	Platycladi Cacumen Extract
E3081	Tea Seed Extract
E3082	Bupleurum Extract
E3083	Cicada Slough Extract
E3084	Hedera Helix Extract
E3085	Dichroae Radix Extract
E3086	5% Artichoke Leaf EXTRACT
E3087	Artichoke Extract
E3088	Plantaginis Herba Extract
E3089	Plantaginis Semen Extract
E3090	Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum Extract
E3091	Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Extract
E3092	Paeoniae Radix Rubra Extract
E3093	Vignae Semen Extract
E3094	Flatstem Milkvetch Seed Extract
E3095	Pyrethrum Extract
E3096	Broussonetiae Fructus Extract
E3098	Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus Extract
E3099	Fritillaria Cirrhosa Seed Extract
E3100	Sichuan Pepper Extract
E3101	Toosendan Fructus Extract
E3102	Cyathulae Root Extract
E3103	Aconiti Root Extract
E3104	Chuanxiong Rhizoma Extract
E3105	Cochinchina Cudrania Root Extract
E3106	Dioscoreae Nipponicae Rhizoma Extract
E3107	Andrographis Herba Extract
E3109	Cymbidium Extract
E3110	Graviola Extract
E3111	Tribulus Terrestris Extract
E3112	Rosa Roxburghii Fruit Extract
E3113	Rosa Roxburghii Root Extract
E3115	Erythrina Variegata Extract
E3116	Acanthopanax Senticosus Extract
E3117	Amla Extract
E3118	Processed Cyperi Rhizoma Extract
E3119	Damiana Extract
E3249	Mimosa Pudica Root Extract
E3250	Mimosa Pudica Extract
E3251	Tropaeolum Majus Extract
E3253	Chrysanthemum Morifolium Ramat Extract
E3254	Terminalia Chebula Extract
E3255	Albiziae Flos Extract
E3256	Albiziae Cortex Extract
E3257	Polygoni Multiflori Root Extract
E3258	Nelumbinis Folium Extract
E3259	Walnut Extract
E3260	Seminis Juglandis Septum Extract
E3261	Juglandis Semen Extract
E3262	Walnut Leave Extract
E3263	Black Soya Bean Extract
E3264	Black Bone Rattan extract
E3265	Black Pepper Extract
E3266	Black Carrot Extract
E3267	Black Coffee Extract
E3268	Black Quinoa Extract
E3269	Black Ant Extract
E3270	Blackberry Extract
E3271	Black Cohosh Extract
E3272	Black Garlic Extract
E3273	Black Sesame Extract
E3274	Nigella Sativa Extract (Herb)
E3275	Nigella Sativa Extract (Seed)
E3276	Red Ginseng Extract
E3277	Black Tea Extract
E3278	Black Tea Root Extract
E3279	Kombucha Extract
E3280	Trifolium Pratense Extract
E3281	Eleutherine Plicata Extract
E3282	Taxus Cuspidata Extract
E3283	Red Bean Extract
E3284	Safflower Extract
E3285	Rhodiola Rosea Extract
E3286	Rambutan Extract
E3287	Red Yeast Rice extract
E3288	Red Raspberry Extract
E3290	Citrus Grandis Fruit Extract
E3291	Hydrolyzed Rhodophycea Extract
E3292	Hericium Erinaceus Extract
E3293	Magnolia Bark Extract
E3294	Piper Nigrum Seed Extract
E3296	Juglans Regia Extract
E3297	Fenugreek Seed Extract
E3298	Viscum Coloratum Extract
E3019	Semen Ginkgo Extract
E3020	Hedyotic Diffusa Extract
E3021	Chaga Mushroom Extract
E3022	Bletilla Striata Root Extract
E3023	White Mustard Seed Extract
E3024	Ampelopsis Japonica Root Extract
E3025	Salix Alba Bark Extract
E3026	White Radish Extract
E3027	Imperata Cylindrica Root Extract
E3028	Chelidonium Majus Extract
E3029	White Paeony Root Extract
E3031	Bunge Auriculate Root Extract
E3032	Atractyloides Macrocephala Root Extract
E3033	Pulsatillae Extract
E3001	Donkey-hide gelatin Extract	Donkey-hide gelatin Extract is extracted from Donkey-hide gelatin (Asini Corii Colla, ACC), a gelatinous Chinese medicine known as Ejiao in Chinese. Donkey-hide gelatin is applied as an important food therapy product to optimize immune response, improve metabolic balance and treat gynecological diseases.
E3002	Asafetida Extract
E3003	Artemisis Princeps Leaf Extract
E3004	Eucalyptus Leaf Extract
E3005	Boesenbergia Pandurata Extract
E3006	Fructus Anisi Stellati Extract
E3007	Marlea platanifolia Extract
E3008	Eight clawed Golden Dragon extract
E3009	Morinda Root Extract
E3010	Muira Puama Extract
E3011	Sarsaparilla Extract
E3012	Semen Lablab Album Extract
E3013	Chinese Cabbage Extract
E3014	White Tea Extract
E3015	Amomum Kravanh Extract
E3016	Cissus modecoides var Extract
E3017	Poria Cocos Extract
E3018	Giant typhonium rhizome extract
E3000	Ligusticum Sinense Extract	Ligusticum Sinense Extract is extracted from Ligusticum sinense, a Chinese medicinal plant.
E3603	Ramulus Mori Extract	Ramulus Mori Extract is extracted from Ramulus mori (Mulberry twigs), the dry branch of Morus alba L.. Ramulus Mori is a traditional medicine widely used for diabetes treatment. The major active components of Ramulus Mori are mulberroside A, oxyresveratrol, resveratrol, 4-hydroxycinnamic acid, 7-hydroxycoumarin, and morin, and the components have been demonstrated to possess anti-cancer, anti-hypertensive, anti-diabetic, and anti-inflammatory properties.
E3604	Adenophora Stricta Extract	Adenophora stricta Extract is extracted from Adenophora stricta Miq.. Adenophora stricta is commonly used to reduce phlegm, clear lung and tonify stomach.
E3605	Sea buckthorn Extract (fruits)	Sea buckthorn Extract (fruits) is extracted from the fruits of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.). Sea buckthorn has significant cardioprotective activity and exerts many positive healing effects on the cardiovascular system, including inhibiting blood platelet activation (especially platelet aggregation), lowering cholesterol concentration and blood pressure, and providing antioxidant activity. Sea buckthorn also has antibacterial and antiviral properties.
E3606	Sea buckthorn Extract (leaves)	Sea buckthorn Extract (leaves) is extracted from the leaves of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.). Sea buckthorn has significant cardioprotective activity and exerts many positive healing effects on the cardiovascular system, including inhibiting blood platelet activation (especially platelet aggregation), lowering cholesterol concentration and blood pressure, and providing antioxidant activity. Sea buckthorn also has antibacterial and antiviral properties.
E3607	Crateva nurvala Extract	Crateva nurvala Extract is extracted from the stem bark of Crataeva nurvala Buch.. Crateva nurvala, an important medicinal plant, has been studied mainly with the stem bark part for obstructive and nonobstructive uropathies. Crateva nurvala is also used for the treatment of prostate enlargement and bladder sensitivity.
E3608	Semen astragali complanati Extract	Semen astragali complanati Extract is extracted from Semen Astragali Complanati, the dried ripe seed of Flatstem Milkvetch (Astragalus complanatus Bunge) (Leguminosae). The major contents of Semen astragali complanati include fatty acids, amino acids, polysaccharides, flavonoids, triterpene glycosides and trace elements. Semen astragali complanati exhibits a number of therapeutic effects on chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus and cancers.
E3609	Elaeagnus angustifolia Extract	Elaeagnus angustifolia Extract is extracted from the fruits of Elaeagnus angustifolia L.. Elaeagnus angustifolia fruit extract has acute and chronic anti-inflammatory activities.
E3610	Amomum villosum Extract	Amomum villosum Extract is extracted from Amomum villosum Lour., a herbaceous plant in the ginger family. Amomum villosum has been proven to be effective in treating gastrointestinal diseases. Treatment with Amomum villosum water extract significantly attenuates intestinal inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) rats.
E3611	Camellia japonica Extract	Camellia japonica Extract is extracted from the flowers of Camellia japonica L.. Camellia japonica possesses antimicrobial, antioxidant and antitumoral activity and as being a huge source of polyphenols such as the catechins.
E3612	Cremastra appendiculata Extract	Cremastra appendiculata Extract is extracted from Cremastra appendiculata (Pseudobulbus Cremastrae seu Pleiones), the dried pseudostem of plants of the Orchidaceae family. Cremastra appendiculata has antibacterial, antihypertensive, gout, antitumor, and acetylcholine receptor M3-blocking effects. The extract of cremastra appendiculata can be used to treat Lewis lung cancer, liver cancer, and breast cancer.
E3613	Sophora tonkinensis Extract	Sophora tonkinensis Extract is extracted from the dried root ofSophora tonkinensis Gapnep.. Sophora tonkinensis is used in the treatment of pharyngeal and laryngeal diseases. Sophora tonkinensis has hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory, and anticancer effects and produces obvious toxicity to the liver and nervous and cardiovascular systems.
E3614	Arnica montana Extract	Arnica montana Extract is extracted from the flowers of Arnica montana L. (Asteraceae). Arnica montana possesses anti-inflammatory, immune-modulatory, anti-sclerotic, analgesic, antifungal, antioxidant, antibacterial, and anticancer bioactivities.
E3615	Anisodus tangutcus Extract	Anisodus tangutcus Extract is extracted from the root of Scopolia tangutica Maxim. Anisodus tanguticus root has an important active tropane alkaloid, Anisodine. Anisodine has significant therapeutic effects on ocular diseases, motion sickness and migraine, acute circulatory shock, and organophosphorus pesticide poisoning.
E3616	Kaempferia galanga Extract	Kaempferia galanga Extract is extracted from the rhizome of Kaempferia galanga L. (Zingiberaceae). Kaempferia galanga is used to get relief from indigestion, swelling, pain, high blood pressure, and dyslipidemia.
E3617	Galega officinalis Extract	Galega officinalis Extract is extracted from the seeds of Galega officinalis L.. Galega officinalis extract has hypoglycemic and antioxidant properties.
E3618	Yam Extract	Yam Extract is extracted from yam (Chinese yam), the rhizome of various species of genus Dioscorea opposita Thunb. (Dioscoreaceae). Yam contains mainly proteins, sugars, vitamins, fats, choline, amylase, iodine, iron, calcium, phosphorus, and other indispensable trace elements in the human body. The main pharmacological effects of yam are antioxidative, anti-aging, anti-tumor, and hypoglycemic. Yam also can enhance immunity.
E3619	Lonicerae Flos Extract	Lonicerae Flos Extract is extracted from Lonicerae flos, the flower bud of Lonicera macranthoides Hand.-Mazz., Lonicera hypoglauca Miq., Lonicera confusa DC., or Lonicera fulvotomentosa Hsu et S. C. Cheng. Lonicerae flos is a traditional Chinese medicine used in the treatment of inflammatory and infectious diseases. Lonicerae flos extract increases survival rates of cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced septic rats.
E3620	Corni Fructus Extract	Corni Fructus Extract is extracted from the fruits of Fructus Corni (Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc.). Fructus Corni is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine that possesses pharmacological actions against inflammation, diabetic nephropathy, tumors, oxidation and aging.
E3621	Crataegi fructus Extract	Crataegi fructus Extract is extracted from the fruits of Crataegi fructus (hawthorn). Crataegi fructus is dry ripe fruit of Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.var. major N. E. Br. or Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.. The extracts and compounds from fructus crataegi show a variety of pharmacological activities, such as a protective effect on patients with heart failure, as well as an increased force of myocardial contraction, improved coronary circulation, antioxidant effects and antimicrobial activities.
E3623	Pelargonium hortorum Extract	Pelargonium hortorum Extract is extracted from Pelargonium hortorum L.H. Bailey. Pelargonium cultivars have been reported as metal hyperaccumulators, with the ability to acidify soil pH. Pelargonium hortroum has the ability to accumulate Pb in shoots.
E3624	Phytolaccae Radix Extract	Phytolaccae Radix Extract is extracted from Phytolaccae Radix (the dried root of Phytolacca acinosa Roxb. or Phytolacca americana L.). Radix Phytolaccae is widely used for the treatment of inflammation-related diseases.
E3625	Cnidii Fructus Extract	Cnidii Fructus Extract is extracted from Cnidii Fructus, the dry ripe fruit of Cnidium monnieri (L.)Cuss.. Chinese herbal medicine Cnidii Fructus has an outstanding effect on chronic lumbar pain and impotence, also has been used against osteoporosis with high frequency.
E3626	Snake Gallbladder Extract	Snake Gallbladder Extract is extracted from Snake gallbladder. Snake gallbladder has multiple pharmacological effects, such as relieving coughs and asthma, as well as improving human immunity and visual acuity. Snake gallbladder has been believed in various Asian countries to improve visual acuity and alleviate rheumatism.
E3627	Belamcandae Rhizoma Extract	Belamcandae Rhizoma Extract is extracted from dry roots of Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC.. Belamcanda chinensis is mainly used to treat sore throat, bronchitis, and chronic tracheitis. Isoflavonoids, including irigenin, isolated from the rhizome of Belamcanda chinensis have been suggested to possess not only antioxidative and anti-inflammatory, but also antitumor activities.
E3629	Lycopodii Herba Extract	Lycopodii Herba Extract is extracted from Lycopodii Herba, the dried whole plant of Lycopodium japonicum Thunb. (Lycopodiaceae). Lycopodii Herba possesses anti-inflammation activity, antioxidative activity, and antitumor activity; and has been traditionally used for the prevention and treatment of various diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, contusion, quadriplegia, dysmenorrhea.
E3630	Massa Medicata Fermentata Extract
E3631	Cimicifugae Rhizoma Extract
E3632	Rehmanniae Radix Extract
E3633	Ginger Extract
E3634	Ginger Extract(1%)
E3635	Chasteberry Extract
E3636	Ocimum sanctum Extract
E3637	Acorus tatarinowii Extract
E3638	Lysinotus pauciflorus Extract
E3639	Gypsum fibrosum Extract
E3640	Dendrobii caulis Extract
E3641	Salvia Chinensis Benth Extract
E3642	Haliotidis concha Extract
E3643	Pomegranate Peel Extract
E0840	Yakuchinone A	Yakuchinone A, a natural product isolated from Alpinia oxyphylla Miquel (Zingiberaceae), has strong inhibitory effects on the synthesis of prostaglandins (PGs) and leukotrienes (LTs).
E2012	Ginkgolide K	Ginkgolide K, isolated from Ginkgo biloba, induces protective autophagy through the AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 signaling pathway, and possesses neuroprotective activity.
S0970	Curzerene	Curzerene, a sesquiterpene isolated from the rhizome of Curculigo orchioides Gaertn with anti-cancer activity, inhibits glutathione S-transferase A1 (GSTA1) mRNA and protein expression and induces cell apoptosis.
E0583	Isoscabertopin	Isoscabertopin is a sesquiterpene lactone isolated from <i>Elephantopus scaber L</i> and shows anti-tumor activities.
E0543	OJV-VI	OJV-VI is isolated from <i>ophiopogonis</i>.
E2023	Hypocrellin B	Hypocrellin B is a natural product isolated from the fungi <i>Hypocrella bambusae</i> and <i>Shiraia bambusicola</i> with the induction of apoptosis.
S6370	Dendrophenol	Dendrophenol (Moscatilin) is from Dendrobium nobile, a naturally occurring bibenzyl compound with potential antimutagenic activity.
S0938	Sakuranetin	Sakuranetin belongs to the group of methoxylated flavanones, with a widely bioactivity of antiproliferative against human cell lines typical for B16BL6 melanoma, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and colon cancer (Colo 320), antiviral activity towards human rhinovirus 3 and influenza B virus, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiinflammatory, antiparasitic, antimutagenic, and antiallergic properties.
E0505	Olive oil	Olive oil comes from the fruits of Olea europae trees with a beneficial effect on human health, including the antioxidant activity and anti-inflammatory activity when olive oil is in regular diet.
E0506	Soybean oil	Soybean oil is a vegetable oil extracted from the seeds of the soybean (Glycine max).
E0656	7-Methylcoumarin	7-Methylcoumarin can inhibit the growth of S. aureus and the growth of Gram-positive bacteria within a concentration of 0.8–3.6 μg/ml, and also has a strong hepatoprotective activity.
E0748	Opoponax oil	Opoponax oil is isolated and extracted from Commiphora erythraea (opoponax), with a promising insecticidal property.
E1124	Narciclasine	Narciclasine (Lycoricidinol), an isocarbostyril alkaloid narciclasine, targets STAT3 via distinct mechanisms in tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer cells. Narciclasine suppresses phosphorylation, activation, dimerization, and nuclear translocation of STAT3 by directly binding with the STAT3 SH2 domain and leads STAT3 degradation. Narciclasine is a plant growth modulator. Narciclasine modulates the Rho/Rho kinase/LIM kinase/cofilin signaling pathway, greatly increasing GTPase RhoA activity as well as inducing actin stress fiber formation in a RhoA-dependent manner.
E0650	γ-Terpinene	γ-Terpinene (γ-TPN), a monoterpene, is an orally active antioxidant compound which can scavenge radicals directly.
E0651	Garlic oil	Garlic oil blocks tobacco carcinogen 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK)-induced lung tumorigenesis by inducing phase II drug-metabolizing enzymes.
S4448	Imidacloprid-urea	Imidacloprid-urea with a role as a marine xenobiotic metabolite, is the primary imidacloprid soil metabolite, whereas imidacloprid-olefin is the main plant-relevant metabolite and is more toxic to insects than imidacloprid.
E0653	Trans-ferulic acid	Trans-ferulic acid is a potent activator of AMPKunder high glucose condition.
E0478	Procyanidin C1	Procyanidin C1 is a polyphenolic component of grape seed extract, increases the healthspan and lifespan of mice through its action on senescent cells. PCC1 is a natural senotherapeutic agent with in vivo activity and a potential intervention to delay, alleviate or prevent age-related pathologies.
S0936	Aloin B	Aloin B (Isobarbaloin), isolated from Aloe vera, is one isomer of Aloin and has anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) acyivity.
S0944	Benzoylaconitine	Benzoylaconine (Isaconitine, Pikraconitin) is an alkaloid derived from the Chinese traditional medicine Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata (Fuzi). Benzoylaconitine inhibits production of IL-6 and IL-8 via MAPK, Akt, NF-κB signaling in IL-1β-induced human synovial cells.
E0239	(-)-Catechin gallate	(-)-Catechin gallate ((-)-CG) is a catechin polyphenol that has been found in green tea extracts with diverse biological activities.
E0240	Procyanidin B1	Procyanidin B1, a natural polyphenolic compound that has antioxidant properties, inhibits Kv10.1 channel and suppresses the evolution of hepatoma.
E0241	Asiaticoside B	Asiaticoside B is a triterpene glycoside isolated from Centella asiatica (L.) Urban, with anti-cancer activity.
E0242	Picrocrocin	Picrocrocin, the chemical most responsible for the bitter taste of saffron, is isolated from saffron and inhibits proliferation of cancer cells.
E0243	Emodin-8-glucoside	Emodin-8-glucoside (Emodin glucoside B, Anthraglycoside B, Emodin glucoside B) is an anthraquinone derivative isolated from Aloe vera, binds to minor groove of DNA.
E0244	Acevaltrate	Acevaltrate, an active component derived from the herbal plant Valeriana jatamansi Jones, is strikingly potent to induce GBM cell apoptosis. Acevaltrate inhibits the Na+/K+-ATPase activity in the rat kidney and brain hemispheres with IC50 of 22.8 μM and 42.3 μM, respectively.
E0246	β-Anhydroicaritin	β-Anhydroicaritin is isolated from Boswellia carterii Birdware, has antiosteoporosis, estrogen regulation and antitumor properties.
E0247	Militarine	Militarine is a major chemical constituent of the tuber of Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Reichb.f., with a prominent neuroprotective effect.
E0248	Rehmannioside D (Rhmannioside D)	Rehmannioside D (Rhmannioside D) is an iridoid glycoside that has been found in Rehmannia glutinosa.
E0249	Pseudolaric Acid A	Pseudolaric acid A, a Hsp90 inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.60 μM, 2.72 μM, 1.36 μM, 2.92 μM and 6.16 μM in HL-60, A549, SMMC-7721, HeLa and SW480 cells respectively, is the main bioactive ingredient in Pseudolarix cortex, and induces cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and promotes cell death through caspase-8/caspase-3 pathway, demonstrating potent antiproliferation and anticancer activities.
E0212	Cornuside	Cornuside is a bisiridoid glucoside compound isolated from the fruit of Cornus officinalis SIEB. et ZUCC. Cornuside suppresses lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory mediators by inhibiting NF-κB activation in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Cornuside attenuates apoptosis in rat cortical neurons.
E0213	Bruceine D	Bruceine D, isolated from Brucea javanica (L.) Merr. (Simaroubaceae), shows antineoplastic properties in various human cancers including pancreas, breast, lung, blood, bone, and liver. Bruceine D induces apoptosis in human chronic myeloid leukemia K562 cells via mitochondrial pathway.
E0215	Isorhapontigenin	Isorhapontigenin (ISOR), isolated from Belamcanda chinensis, is a derivative of stilbene. Isorhapontigenin possessed potent antioxidative activity. Isorhapontigenin suppresses interleukin-1β-induced inflammation and cartilage matrix damage in rat chondrocytes.
E0216	Hinokiflavone	Hinokiflavone, isolated from Selaginella P. Beauv, Juniperus phoenicea and Rhus succedanea, possesses excellent pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antitumor activity. Hinokiflavone induces apoptosis and inhibits migration of breast cancer cells via EMT signalling pathway.
E0190	Invert sugar	Invert Sugar is a popular sweetener.
E0211	Dihydroberberine	Dihydroberberine, a hydrogenated derivative of Berberine (BBR), exerts anti-inflammatory effect via dual modulation of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways.
S0941	3,29-O-dibenzoyloxykarounidiol	3,29-O-dibenzoyloxykarounidiol is a triterpenoid isolated from Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim.
S5813	Isoginkgetin	Isoginkgetin is a naturally derived biflavonoid with anti-tumor activity. Isoginkgetin directly inhibits the chymotrypsin-like, trypsin-like, and caspase-like activities of the 20S proteasome. Isoginkgetin also is a general inhibitor of Pre-mRNA splicing.
S0958	Zingibroside R1	Zingibroside R1, isolated from rhizomes of Panax zingiberensis Wu et Feng (Araliaceae), has some anti-HIV-1 activity. Zingibroside R1 shows the inhibitory effects on the 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) uptake by EAT cells with IC50 of 91.3 µM and the growth of MT-4 cells with CC50 of 46.2 µM.
E0206	Ginkgetin	Ginkgetin is a biflavone from Ginkgo biloba leaves with anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-adipogenic, and neuroprotective activities.
E0207	Chebulinic acid	Chebulinic acid, a phenolic compound isolated from Terminalia chebula fruit, is a novel Influenza viral neuraminidase inhibitor. Chebulinic acid is a antiangiogenic agent through inhibiting the actions of VEGF. Chebulinic acid shows antitumour activity.
E0208	Herbacetin	Herbacetin is a natural flavonoid compound found in flaxseed with strong antioxidant, antitumor and anti-inflammatory activity.
E0209	Cinobufotalin	Cinobufotalin, extracted from the skin secretion of the giant toad, is a novel SREBP1 inhibitor that suppresses proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting lipogenesis.
E0210	Quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucuronide	Quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucuronide (Miquelianin, Q3GA) is one of the quercetin metabolites with antioxidant activity.
E0222	Glaucocalyxin A	Glaucocalyxin A is a biologically active ent-kauranoid diterpenoid isolated from Rabdosia japonica var. glaucocalyx with antitumor and anti-inflammatory activity. Glaucocalyxin A induces G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis through the PI3K/Akt pathway in human bladder cancer cells.
E0225	Licochalcone B	Licochalcone B (Lico B), extracted from Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch, induces the cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human hepatoma cell HepG2. Licochalcone B specifically inhibits the NLRP3 inflammasome by disrupting NEK7‐NLRP3 interaction.
E0226	Chebulagic acid	Chebulagic acid, isolated form Terminalia chebula Retz, is a reversible and non-competitive inhibitor of maltase with a Ki value of 6.6 μM. Chebulagic acid shows potent anti-inflammatory effects in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Chebulagic acid also shows potent COX–LOX dual inhibition activity with IC50 values of 15 μM, 0.92 μM and 2.1 μM for COX-1, COX-2 and 5-LOX respectively.
E0233	14-Deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide	14-Deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide (deAND), a diterpenoid in Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees with hypotensive, anti-inflammatory, anti-asthma, and anti-cancer activities.
E0177	Hydrocortisone sodium succinate	Hydrocortisone sodium succinate (Hydrocortisone 21-hemisuccinate sodium salt) has significant inhibitory effects on the IL-6 bioactivity with IC50 of 6.7 μM. Hydrocortisone sodium succinate can bind to glucocorticoid receptor, initiating the transcription of anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive mediators.
E0201	Hypaconitine	Hypaconitine (Hypaconitine) is an active diterpene alkaloid derived from Aconitum species. Hypaconitine inhibits TGF-β1-induced epithelial–mesenchymal transition.
E0202	Benzoylmesaconine	Benzoylmesaconine (Mesaconine 14-benzoate) is a main Aconitum alkaloid isolated from several Aconitum species with potent pharmacological activities, such as analgesia and anti-inflammation.
E0204	Poricoic acid A	Poricoic acid A is isolated from the surface layer of Poria cocos. Poricoic acid A activates AMPK to attenuate fibroblast activation and abnormal extracellular matrix remodelling in renal fibrosis. Poricoic acid A also is a modulator of tryptophan hydroxylase-1 (TPH-1).
E0205	Strictosamide	Strictosamide is the main representative constituent of Nauclea officinalis Pierre ex Pitard (Rubiaceae) with anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities.
S7758	Trabectedin	Trabectedin (Ecteinascidin 743, ET-743) is a marine alkaloid isolated from the Caribbean tunicate Ecteinascidia turbinata with antitumour activity. Trabectedin binds to the N2 of guanine in the minor groove, causing DNA damage and affecting transcription regulation in a promoter- and gene-specific manner.
S0651	N-Butanoyl-L-homoserine lactone	N-Butyryl-L-homoserine lactone (N-Butanoyl-L-homoserine lactone, N-Butyrylhomoserine lactone, C4-HSL) is a cleavable ADC linker applied into the synthesis of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). N-Butyryl-L-homoserine lactone is a small diffusible signaling molecule involved in quorum sensing, controlling gene expression, and cellular metabolism.
E0160	Hexaminolevulinate hydrochloride	Hexaminolevulinate hydrochloride (5-Aminolevulinic acid hexyl ester hydrochloride) is a tumour photosensitizer.
E0365	Fucoidan	Fucoidan is an anionic sulfated polysaccharide extracted from marine brown algae with a large range of biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-viral, anti-oxidation, anticoagulant, antithrombotic, anti-angiogenic and anti-Helicobacter pylori, etc.
S0920	Ginkgolide J	Ginkgolide J is a minor constituent of terpene trilactone mixture of Ginkgo biloba leaves extract that inhibits GlyR-operated channels with IC50 of 2.0 μM. Ginkgolide J also inhibits cell death of rodent hippocampal neurons caused by Aβ1–42. Ginkgolide J exhibits anti‑inflammatory activity.
E0198	Pristane	Pristane (2,6,10,14-Tetramethylpentadecane, TMPD) is a natural saturated terpenoid alkane obtained primarily from shark liver oil that is widely used to induce tumorgenesis in mice and arthritis and lupus nephritis in rats.
E1029	Miglustat	Miglustat (Zavesca, N‐butyldeoxynojirimycin, OGT 918) is an orally administered ceramide glucosyltransferase inhibitor which prevents the lysosomal accumulation of glucocerebroside.
E0196	Alloxan Monohydrate	Alloxan Monohydrate is the most popular diabetogenic agents used for assessing the antidiabetic or hypoglycemic capacity of test compounds.
S9793	4-Hydroxynonenal	4-Hydroxynonenal (4-HNE, HNE, 4-hydroxy Nonenal, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal) is one of the major end products of lipid peroxidation and has been widely accepted as an inducer of oxidative stress.
E0150	Carrageenan	Carrageenan (kappa-Carrageenan) is a natural carbohydrate (polysaccharide) obtained from edible red seaweeds. Carrageenan shows anticoagulant activity, antithrombotic activity, antiviral activity, anti-tumour activity and immunomodulatory activity.
E0149	Papain	Papain (papaya proteinase I) is a sulfhydryl protease from the latex of the papaya fruit. Papain breaks down intercellular matrix of cartilage.
E0156	Thioacetamide	Thioacetamide (TAA) is a hepatotoxin frequently used for experimental purposes which produces centrilobular necrosis after a single dose administration.
E0154	Taurocholic acid sodium salt	Taurocholic acid sodium salt (Sodium Taurocholate, TANa) is a sodium salt of taurocholic acid and occurs in the bile of mammals. Taurocholic acid is used as a cholagogue and choleretic.
E0143	ITE	ITE (2-(1′H-indole-3′-carbonyl)-thiazole-4-carboxylic acid methyl ester) is a potent endogenous agonist of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) that directly binds to AHR with a Ki of 3 nM.
S6812	Z-Guggulsterone	Z-Guggulsterone, a constituent of Ayurvedic medicinal plant Commiphora mukul, inhibits angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Z-Guggulsterone exhibits anti-inflammatory effects in microglia. Z-Guggulsterone induces apoptosis in gastric cancer cells through the intrinsic mitochondria-dependent pathway.
E0129	Oxysophocarpine	Oxysophocarpine (OSC) is an alkaloid extracted from Sophora alopecuroides. Oxysophocarpine inhibits the growth and metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) by targeting the Nrf2/HO-1 axis. OSC protects cells against apoptosis and inflammatory responses and compromised miR-155 activity by attenuating MAPK and NF-κB pathways.
E0130	Apigenin-7-O-glucuronide	Apigenin-7-O-glucuronide (Apigenin-7-glucuronide) is the major flavonoid found in milk thistle. Apigenin 7-o-glucuronide inhibits tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and total nitrite release in lipopolysaccharide-activated macrophages.
E0015	Iberiotoxin	Iberiotoxin (IbTX) is a toxin purified from the scorpion Buthus tamulus. Iberiotoxin is a potent blocker of the large conductance Ca(2+)-activated K+ channel with a Kd of ~1 nM.
S0947	Cafestol	Cafestol is a natural diterpenes extracted from coffee beans. Cafestol induces apoptosis and regulates a variety of inflammatory mediators to reduce inflammation. Cafestol inhibits PI3K/Akt pathway. Cafestol also can reduce the production of ROS in the leukemia cell line HL60.
E0023	5,7-Dihydroxychromone	5,7-Dihydroxychromone (DHC), a natural antioxidant extracted from plants, is a potent activator of Nrf2/ARE signal. 5,7-dihydroxychromone also is a potent activator of PPARγ and LXRα. 5,7-Dihydroxychromone may contributes to regulate blood glucose levels and shows anti-diabetic property.
E0046	β-Cyclodextrin	β-Cyclodextrin (β-CD, Beta-Cyclodextrin) is a cyclic derivative of starch prepared from partially hydrolyzed starch (maltodextrin) by an enzymatic process. β-Cyclodextrin can be used as complexing agents to increase aqueous solubility of poorly soluble drugs and to increase their bioavailability and stability.
E0124	Chelerythrine	Chelerythrine (Toddaline, Broussonpapyrine) is a potent, selective antagonist of PKC with an IC50 of 0.66 μM. Chelerythrine also inhibits the BclXL-Bak BH3 peptide binding with an IC50 of 1.5 μM. Chelerythrine shows antitumor, antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory activity.
S8152	Cucurbitacin I	Cucurbitacin-I (Elatericin B, JSI 124, NSC 521777), a natural cell-permeable triterpenoid isolated from Cucurbitaceae, is a novel selective inhibitor of JAK2/STAT3.
S7580	Leptomycin B	Leptomycin B (LMB, CI 940, Elactocin, Mantuamycin, NSC 364372) is a potent antifungal antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces and acts as a specific inhibitor of the nuclear export factor CRM1. Leptomycin B rapidly induces cytotoxic effects in cancer cell lines via covalent inhibition of CRM1 with IC50 values of 0.1 nM–10 nM.
E0037	Bradykinin	Bradykinin is a potent vasodilator peptide that exerts its vasodilatory action through stimulation of specific endothelial B2 receptors, thereby causing the release of prostacyclin, NO, and EDHF.
S0950	Hibifolin	Hibifolin (Gossypetin-8-O-β-D-glucuronide) is a flavonol glycoside and acts as a potential inhibitor of adenosine deaminase (ADA) with a Ki of 49.92 μM. Hibifolin prevents β-amyloid-induced neurotoxicity in cultured cortical neurons.
E0010	Hypocrellin A	Hypocrellin A (HA) is a perylenequinone isolated from Shiraia bambusicola that shows antiviral, antimicrobial and anticancer activity through mediating multiple signaling pathways. Hypocrellin A also is a selective and potent inhibitor of PKC.
E0027	5-Hydroxymethylcytosine	5-Hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) is a naturally existing component in mammalian genomic DNA and is regarded as the sixth DNA base. 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine is an intermediate metabolite in active DNA demethylation. 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine is epigenetic marks known to affect global gene expression in mammals.
E0025	2-Hydroxybenzylamine	2-Hydroxybenzylamine (2-(Aminomethyl)phenol, 2-HOBA, NSC 127870) is a naturally occurring compound found in buckwheat and is a selective scavenger of dicarbonyl electrophiles that protects proteins and lipids from being modified by these electrophiles. 2-HOBA reduces inflammation and plaque apoptotic cells and promotes efferocytosis and features of stable plaques. 2-HOBA has potential for use as a nutrition supplement due to its ability to protect against the damaging effects of oxidative stress.
E0008	Atractylodin	Atractylodin (Atractydin) is one of the major constituents of the rhizome of Atractylodes lancea and inhibits N-acylethanolamine-hydrolyzing acid amidase (NAAA) activity with an IC50 of 2.81 µM. Atractylodin also inhibits interleukin-6 (IL-6) by blocking NPM-ALK activation and MAPKs.
E0009	Harmane	Harmane (Harman, Aribine, Aribin, Locuturine, Locuturin, Loturine, Passiflorin, 1-Methylnorharman, NSC 54439) is a common compound in several foods, plants and beverages. Harmane is a selective monoamine oxidase inhibitors with IC50s of 0.5 μM and 5 μM for human MAO A and MAO B, respectively. Harmane also inhibits the apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endonuclease activity of the UV endonuclease induced by phage T4.
E0022	Ophiopogonin D	Ophiopogonin D (OJV-VI, Deacetylophiopogonin C) is a steroidal glycoside isolated from Chinese herb Radix ophiopogonis and shows anti-tumor property. Ophiopogonin D could suppress TGF-β1-mediated metastatic behavior of MDA-MB-231 cells by regulating ITGB1/FAK/Src/AKT/β-catenin/MMP-9 signaling axis. Ophiopogonin D attenuates PM2.5-induced inflammation via suppressing the AMPK/NF-κB pathway in mouse pulmonary epithelial cells.
S9197	Maltohexaose	Maltohexaose (Amylohexaose) is a polysaccharide with 6 units of glucose and can be classified as a maltodextrin.
S0943	Arenobufagin	Arenobufagin is a natural bufadienolide from toad venom and induces apoptosis and autophagy in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells through inhibition of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.
S6909	Levomefolic acid	Levomefolic acid (5-MTHF, LMSR, Metafolin, Nutrifolin) is a natural, active form of folic acid used at the cellular level for DNA reproduction, the cysteine cycle and the regulation of homocysteine among other functions.
S6927	Dihydroresveratrol	Dihydroresveratrol is a natural product possessing significant biological activities. Dihydroresveratrol, a potent phytoestrogen, is a hormone receptor modulator.
S3166	Calcium 2-oxoglutarate	Calcium 2-oxoglutarate (Calcium oxoglurate, Calcium 2-oxopentanedioate, Calcium α-ketoglutarate, Calcium AKG, Calcium 2-ketoglutaric acid, Calcium oxoglutaric acid) is the Calcium salt form of 2-oxoglutarate. 2-oxoglutarate is naturally found in organisms and is a well-known intermediate in the production of ATP or GTP in the Krebs cycle. 2-oxoglutarate is a reversible inhibitor of tyrosinase with IC50 of 15 mM.
S6100	Picrotoxin	Picrotoxin (Picrotin, Cocculin, Cocculus, NSC 403139), a plant alkaloid, is a non-competitive antagonist of neuronal GABA and glycine receptors.
S5910	Alpha-Estradiol	Alpha-Estradiol (α-Estradiol, 17 alpha-Estradiol, Alfatradiol, Epiestradiol, Epiestrol, Alora, 17 α-E2), a natural, non-feminizing stereoisomer, a hormonally almost inactive isomer of physiological 17 beta-estradiol (17 β-E2), is a weak inhibitor of estrogen.
S3761	Eucalyptol	Eucalyptol (NSC 6171, 1,8-Cineol, 1,8-cineole, 1,8-Epoxy-p-menthane, 1,8-Oxido-p-menthane, Cineol, Cineole) is a monoterpenoid oil present in many plants, principally the Eucalyptus species, and has been reported to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects. Eucalyptol controls airway mucus hypersecretion and asthma via anti-inflammatory cytokine inhibition.
S5417	Spectinomycin dihydrochloride pentahydrate	Spectinomycin dihydrochloride pentahydrate (Trobicin) is a widely used antibiotic that inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by blocking translocation of messenger RNA and transfer RNAs on the ribosome.
S5972	Hydrocortisone hemisuccinate	Hydrocortisone hemisuccinate (A-hydrocort, Hydrocortisone 21-hemisuccinate), a physiological glucocorticoid with anti-inflammatory properties, is an inhibitor of proinflammatory cytokine with IC50 of 6.7 μM and 21.4 μM for Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-3, respectively.
S9827	Iodoacetamide	Iodoacetamide (IA, IAM, 2-Iodoacetamide) is an alkylating agent that is commonly used for alkylation of cysteine during sample preparation for proteomics.
S5958	Metformin	Metformin (1,1-Dimethylbiguanide), a widely used drug for treatment of type 2 diabetes, activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in hepatocytes. Metformin promotes mitophagy in mononuclear cells. Metformin induces apoptosis of lung cancer cells through activating JNK/p38 MAPK pathway and GADD153.
S5937	DL-Carnitine	DL-Carnitine ((±)-Carnitin) is a racemic mixture of L-Carnitine and D-Carnitine that regulates fatty acid transport in the mitochondrion. DL-carnitine is found to be ineffective or toxic, for example, to muscle cells and to the myocardium. DL-Carnitine causes symptoms of myasthenia and cardiac arrhythmias.
S5955	Thiamine nitrate	Thiamine (Vitamin B1) nitrate is an essential vitamin that plays an important role in cellular production of energy from ingested food and enhances normal neuronal actives.
S5888	Beclamide	Beclamide (N-Benzyl-3-chloropropionamide, beta-chlorpropionamide) exhibits sedative and anticonvulsant properties.
S5199	Oxytetracycline hydrochloride	Oxytetracycline (OTC, Oxycycin, Stevacin, Terramycin) hydrochloride is a prescription antibiotic, interfering with the ability of bacteria to produce essential proteins.
S4486	Thiamine monochloride	Thiamine (Vitamin B1) monochloride is an essential vitamin that plays an important role in cellular production of energy from ingested food and enhances normal neuronal actives.
S4495	Quinine	Quinine, an alkaloid derived from the bark of the cinchona tree, is an anti-malaria agent and a potassium channel inhibitor that inhibits mSlo3 (KCa 5.1) channel currents evoked by voltage pulses to +100 mV with IC50 of 169 μM.
S4490	Tetracycline	Tetracycline (TC) is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that exhibits activity against a wide range of microorganisms including gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, chlamydiae, mycoplasmas, rickettsiae, and protozoan parasites.
S3590	Triolein	Triolein is an inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and reduces both the expression of IL-6 and ROS generation in irradiated keratinocytes.
S4713	Atropine	Atropine (Atropen, Atnaa, Tropine tropate, DL-Hyoscyamine) is a competitive muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) antagonist with anti-myopia effect.
S5193	L-Thyroxine sodium salt pentahydrate	L-Thyroxine (Levothyroxine, L-T4) sodium salt pentahydrate is a synthetic T4 hormone used to counterbalance hypothyroidism.
S5260	ATP	ATP (Adenosine-Triphosphate, Adenosine 5'-triphosphate) is a multifunctional nucleoside triphosphate and an important endogenous signaling molecule in immunity and inflammation.
S5790	Folinic acid	Folinic acid (Leucovorin) is a biological folic acid that increases the level of reduced folates in tissues, which promotes the inhibition of thymidylate synthase (TS).
S6466	Eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester	Eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester (AMR101, EPA ethyl ester, Ethyl eicosapentaenoate) is an omega-3 fatty acid agent that significantly reduces the triglyceride (TG) levels and improves other lipid parameters without significantly increasing the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels.
S4979	Procaine penicillin G	Penicillin G Procaine (PGP, Penicillin G Procaine, Bicillin C-R), a crystalline complex combining penicillin G with procaine, is a β-lactam antibiotic.
S5922	L-Carnitine hydrochloride	L-Carnitine ((R)-Carnitine, Levocarnitine) hydrochloride improves oxygen saturation, and inhibits leukotriene synthesis. L-Carnitine hydrochloride functions to transport long chain fatty acyl-CoAs into the mitochondria for degradation by β-oxidation.
S0911	Hypaphorine	Hypaphorine, an indole alkaloid isolated from Pisolithus tinctorius, exhibits neurological and glucose-lowering effects in rodents.
S4857	L-Ornithine	L-ornithine ((S)-2,5-Diaminopentanoic acid) has an antifatigue effect by increasing the efficiency of energy consumption and promoting the excretion of ammonia. It is one of the key reactants in the urea cycle.
S3578	Pyrroloquinoline quinone	Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ, Methoxatin) is a natural anti-oxidant with anti-oxidative and anti-aging effects. Pyrroloquinoline quinone prevents estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis.
S4496	Maltose monohydrate	Maltose (Maltobiose, Malt Sugar, Beta-Maltose, D-Maltose) monohydrate, an non-essential nutrient that provides energy, is an intermediate in the intestinal digestion of glycogen and starch, and is found in germinating grains (and other plants and vegetables).
S9631	Puromycin aminonucleoside	Puromycin aminonucleoside (NSC 3056, PAN, Stylomycin aminonucleoside, ARDMA, SAN), the aminonucleoside portion of the antibiotic puromycin, is a reversible inhibitor of dipeptidyl-peptidase II and cytosol alanyl aminopeptidase that induces apoptosis in mesangial cells (MCs) accompanied by declined cell viability and enhanced inflammatory response.
S7428	Rocaglamide	Rocaglamide (Roc-A), isolated from Aglaia species, is a potent inhibitor of heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) activation with IC50 of ~50 nM for HSF1. Rocaglamide inhibits the function of the translation initiation factor eIF4A. Rocaglamide also inhibits NF-κB activity. Rocaglamide exhibits anti-tumor activity.
S3569	Spermidine	Spermidine is a natural polyamine that stimulates cytoprotective macroautophagy/autophagy.
S4438	Benzophenone	Benzophenone (Diphenyl ketone, Benzoylbenzene) filters out both UVA and UVB rays and is widely used in a great variety of sunscreens and personal care products.
S4440	2-Phenylacetamide	2-Phenylacetamide, the main compound isolated from the seeds of Lepidium apetalum Willd (LA) with estrogenic activities, increases the expression of Estrogen receptorα (ERα), ERβ and GPR30 in the uterus and MCF-7 cells.
S4425	Rifamycin S	Rifamycin S, a quinone and an antibiotic against Gram-positive bacteria (including MRSA), is a clinical drug used to treat tuberculosis and leprosy. Rifamycin S generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inhibits microsomal lipid peroxidation.
S4436	Pleuromutilin	Pleuromutilin (Drosophilin B, Mutilin 14-glycolate), the lead compound for novel antibiotics, inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit of bacteria.
S4494	Methionine	Methionine (MRX-1024, D-Methionine) is an activitor of GABAA receptor that modulates neuronal activity.
S3588	Hexylene glycol	Hexylene glycol (HG, 2-Methyl-2,4-pentanediol, MPD) is an oxygenated solvent derived from acetone that has been used widely in industrial chemicals and cosmetics. Hexylene glycol exhibits antibacterial and antifungal properties.
S3595	D-Gluconic acid	D-Gluconic acid is an antifungal agent.
S6446	Sodium citrate dihydrate	Sodium citrate dehydrate (Trisodium citrate dihydrate, Citric acid trisodium salt dihydrate) is the preferred anticoagulant.
S3594	Adipic acid	Adipic acid (Hexanedioic acid) is an important dicarboxylic acid used for the manufacture of nylon and polyurethane plastics.
S3596	Polyvinylpyrrolidone	Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP, Polyvidone, Povidone) is an inert, water-soluble, non-toxic, temperature-resistant, pH-stable, biocompatible, biodegradable polymer that helps to encapsulate and cater both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs. Polyvinylpyrrolidone has been widely tested and used as an effective wound healing accelerator.
S3598	Sucrose	Sucrose (D-(+)-Saccharose), a common sugar produced naturally in plants, is a disaccharide, a molecule composed of two monosaccharides:glucose and fructose.
S4424	Hyaluronidase	Hyaluronidase (Hyaluronate 4-glycanohydrolase, Hyaluronoglucosaminidase, Amphadase, Hydase, Vitrase) is a naturally occurring enzyme that degrades hyaluronic acid, which constitutes an essential part of the extracellular matrix.
S0235	Lavendustin B	Lavendustin B inhibits HIV-1 integrase (IN) interaction with its cognate cellular cofactor lens epithelium-derived growth factor (LEDGF/p75). Lavendustin B is an inhibitor of Tyrosine Kinase and also a competitive inhibitor of glucose transporter 1 (Glut1).
S9794	Melittin	Melittin (MLT, Forapin, Forapine) is an activator of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) that stimulates the activity of the low molecular weight PLA2, while it does not the increase the activity of the high molecular weight enzyme.
S3168	cis-Resveratrol	cis-Resveratrol (cis-RESV, cRes, (Z)-Resveratrol) is the Cis isomer of Resveratrol. Resveratrol is a natural phenolic compound with anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, and anti-cancer properties. Resveratrol is an inhibitor of pregnane X receptor (PXR) and an activator of Nrf2 and SIRT1 and may induce apoptosis. Resveratrol also inhibits a wide spectrum of targets including 5-lipoxygenase (LOX), cyclooxygenase (COX), IKKβ, DNA polymerases α and δ with IC50 of 2.7 μM, <1 μM, 1 μM, 3.3 μM and 5 μM, respectively.
S3499	Monocaprylin	Monocaprylin (2,3-dihydroxypropyl octanoate, Monoctanoin, 1-Octanoyl-rac-glycerol, MC) exhibits an excellent antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.
S0921	Wilforine	Wilforine (WR), a sesquiterpene pyridine alkaloid found in T. wilfordii plants, significantly inhibits the efflux activity of P-glycoprotein (P-gp).
S3351	Sodium phenylpyruvate	Sodium phenylpyruvate (Phenylpyruvic acid sodium salt) inhibits amino acid formation and depresses oxygen consumption.
S2995	4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid	4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid (4-HPPA), an abundant colon metabolite of polyphenols, is a potent scavenger that suppresses levels of free radicals and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and contributes to reduced risk of colon cancer development.
S6918	Oleandrin (PBI-05204)	Oleandrin (PBI-05204, Foliandrin, Neriolin, Neriostene, Folinerin, Corrigen, Neriol) is an inhibitor of Na+/K+-ATPase with IC50 of 0.62 μM. Oleandrin induces apoptosis and reduces migration of human glioma cells in vitro.
S6990	Phytohemagglutinin	Phytohemagglutinin (PHA, Phaseolus vulgaris agglutinin) is expressed in Pichia pastoris using native signal peptides, or the Saccharomyces alpha-factor preprosequence, to direct proteins into the secretory pathway. Phytohemagglutinin induces apoptosis in human HEp-2 carcinoma cells via increasing proapoptotic protein Bax and activating caspases-3.
P1201	LL37 (Human cathelicidin)	LL37 (Human cathelicidin, Ropocamptide) is a cathelicidin-related antimicrobial peptide with potent chemotactic and immunomodulatory properties.
S3069	Deoxycholic acid sodium salt	Deoxycholic acid sodium salt (Sodium Deoxycholate, Sodium Desoxycholate, Cholanoic Acid, ATX-101, Kythera, Belkyra, DCA) is specifically responsible for activating the TGR5 receptor (GPCR19) that stimulates brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenic activity.
S3248	2'-Deoxyadenosine 5'-monophosphate	2'-Deoxyadenosine 5'-monophosphate (5'-dAMP), an endogenous metabolite, is only photosensitized degraded under acidic conditions.
S3268	2'-Deoxycytidine 5'-monophosphate	2'-Deoxycytidine-5'-monophosphoric acid (dCMP) is an endogenous metabolite that can be used as a model to describe mechanisms of DNA-strand breaks induced by secondary electrons and decomposes primarily by dissociation of the C-O phosphoester bond.
S3318	N-Acetyl-L-arginine dihydrate	N-Acetyl-L-arginine (Ac-Arg-OH) dihydrate is an endogenous metabolite.
S3319	Levoglucosan	Levoglucosan (LG, LEV, Leucoglucosan, Glucosan, 1,6-anhydro-b-D-Glucose) is an endogenous metabolite.
S3324	Sodium 2-(1H-indol-3-yl)acetate	Sodium 2-(1H-indol-3-yl)acetate (3-Indoleacetic acid sodium, Indole-3-acetic acid sodium, 3-IAA sodium) is an endogenous metabolite.
S3326	Phytic acid dipotassium salt	Phytic acid dipotassium salt (Phytic acid potassium, IP6 (PS)), an endogenous metabolite in rice grain extract and digest, inhibits β-secretase 1 (BACE1) with IC50 of approximately 0.25 μM.
S3331	2-Aminoethylphosphonic acid	2-Aminoethylphosphonic acid (2-AEP, (2-Aminoethyl)phosphonic acid) is a type of abundant and ubiquitous naturally occurring phosphonate used as sources of phosphorus by many prokaryotic lineages.
S3335	Phospho(enol)pyruvic acid monopotassium salt	Phospho(enol)pyruvic acid monopotassium salt (Potassium 1-carboxyvinyl hydrogenphosphate) is an endogenous metabolite.
S3343	Methyl β-D-Galactopyranoside	Methyl β-D-Galactopyranoside (Methyl beta-D-galactoside, Methylgalactoside) is an endogenous metabolite.
S3370	3-Methoxytyramine hydrochloride	3-Methoxytyramine (3-O-methyl Dopamine, 3MT) hydrochloride, a major extracellular metabolite of dopamine, is a neuromodulator that in certain situations may be involved in movement control.
S3310	D-(+)-Galacturonic acid monohydrate	D-(+)-Galacturonic acid monohydrate (D-Galacturonic acid hydrate, d-GalA, D-galUA) is an endogenous metabolite that can be used in engineering Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
S3323	2-Hydroxycaproic acid	2-Hydroxyhexanoic acid (2-Hydroxyhexanoic acid) is an endogenous metabolite.
S2997	DL-Tartaric acid	DL-Tartaric Acid (2,3-Dihydroxysuccinic acid) is a white, crystalline organic acid isolated from many plants, particularly tamarinds and grapes and is used as an antioxidant and an additive agent to give a sour taste.
S3087	N-Acetyl-DL-methionine	N-Acetyl-DL-methionine is an active endogenous metabolite that decreases the hepatic glutathione level in male Bom:NMRI mice.
S3092	Glyoxylic acid monohydrate	Glyoxylic acid monohydrate (2,2-Dihydroxyacetic acid) is an atmospherically relevant ketoacid.
S3093	Pyrazole	Pyrazole (1H-pyrazole) is a five membered heteroaromatic ring with two nitrogen atoms is of immense significance. Pyrazole is an indispensable anchor for design and development of new pharmacological agents.
S3094	N-Acetyl-L-alanine	N-Acetyl-L-alanine (NAAL, Ac-Ala-OH) is an active endogenous metabolite.
S3157	3-Hydroxybenzaldehyde	3-Hydroxybenzaldehyde (3-HBA), one of the benzaldehydes commonly found in nature, is produced by 3-hydroxybenzyl-alcohol dehydrogenase, and is a substrate of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) in rats and humans (ALDH2). 3-Hydroxybenzaldehyde exhibits vasculoprotective effects.
S3315	6-Hydroxyindole	6-Hydroxyindole (1H-indol-6-ol) is an endogenous potent and long-lasting OATP1B1 inhibitor with IC50 of ~10 μM.
S3334	Glycolaldehyde dimer	Glycolaldehyde dimer (2,5-Dihydroxy-1,4-dioxane, 1,4-Dioxane-2,5-diol, DD) is an active endogenous metabolite that appears moderate absorbent and fluorescent, when it reacts with glycine (Gly)/ammonium sulfate (AS).
S3336	Heptadecanoic acid	Heptadecanoic acid (C17:0), an odd chain saturated fatty acid, significantly inhibits cell proliferation, and migration, while promoting apoptosis in PC‑9 and PC‑9/GR cells. Heptadecanoic acid is associated with several diseases, including the incidence of coronary heart disease, prediabetes and type 2 diabetes as well as multiple sclerosis.
S3337	L-Histidinol dihydrochloride	L-Histidinol dihydrochloride, a structural analogue of the essential amino acid L-histidine, is a reversible inhibitor of protein biosynthesis which evokes disparate responses from non-tumorigenic and tumorigenic cells in culture.
S3338	D-(-)-Lyxose	D-(-)-Lyxose (D-Lyxose) is an active endogenous metabolite.
S3345	Nα-Acetyl-L-lysine	Nα-Acetyl-L-lysine (Ac-Lys-OH, N(alpha)-Acetyllysine) is an active endogenous metabolite.
S3347	3-Methylglutaric acid	3-Methylglutaric acid (MGA, 3MG acid) is a conspicuous C6 dicarboxylic organic acid that can be used as a single solid-state NMR standard compound to perform all calibration steps except for magnet shimming.
S3348	O-Acetyl-L-serine hydrochloride	O-Acetyl-L-serine (OAS, O-Acetylserine, O-Acetyl-L-serine) hydrochloride (HCl) is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of the amino acid cysteine in bacteria and plants that displays a signalling function leading to changes in transcript levels of a specific gene set irrespective of the sulfur status of the plant.
S3358	4-Acetamidobutyric acid	4-Acetamidobutanoic acid (N-acetyl GABA) is a derivative of Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) resulting from the monoacetylation of the nitrogen of GABA.
S3360	Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate	Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (Dioctyl phthalate, DOP, Diplast O, ESBO-D 82, Ergoplast FDO, Ergoplast FDO-S, Etalon) induces DNA strand breaks and gene expression alterations in larval zebrafish Danio rerio.
S3095	Itaconic acid	Itaconic acid, a macrophage-specific (Mϕ-specific) metabolite, mediates crosstalk between macrophage metabolism and peritoneal tumors. Itaconic acid is also a precursor of polymers, chemicals, and fuels that can be synthesized by many fungi.
S3096	L-Histidine monohydrochloride monohydrate	L-Histidine monohydrochloride monohydrate (L-Histidine hydrochloride hydrate, H-His-OH.HCl.H2O), a structural analogue of the essential amino acid L-histidine, is a reversible inhibitor of protein biosynthesis which evokes disparate responses from non-tumorigenic and tumorigenic cells in culture.
S3098	N-Acetylglycine	N-Acetylglycine (NAGly, Aceturic acid, Acetamidoacetic acid), a minor constituent of numerous foods, is not genotoxic or acutely toxic.
S3097	5,6-Dimethylbenzimidazole	5,6-Dimethylbenzimidazole (5,6-DMB, Dimezol, Dimedazol, 5,6-Dimethyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole, 5,6-Dimethyl-1H-benzimidazole) is a vitamin B12 precursor.
S3107	D-Pyroglutamic acid	D-Pyroglutamic acid (D-5-Oxoproline, D-Pyr-OH, 5-oxo-D-proline, (R)-5-Oxopyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid) is an active endogenous metabolite that antagonizes the disruption of passive avoidance behaviour induced by the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist AP-5.
S3109	N-Acetyl-L-leucine	N-acetyl-L-leucine is an active endogenous metabolite that accelerates vestibular compensation after unilateral labyrinthectomy by action in the cerebellum and thalamus.
S3111	Pyridoxal hydrochloride	Pyridoxal hydrochloride (HQ) is an active endogenous metabolite.
S3365	(S)-(-)-1-Phenylethanol	(S)-(-)-1-Phenylethanol ((S)-1-Phenylethanol, (S)-(-)-Phenylethanol) is an enantiomer of 1-Phenylethanol with flavor properties.
S3366	Monoethyl malonic acid	Monoethyl malonic acid (Ethyl hydrogen malonate, Monoethyl malonate, 3-Ethoxy-3-oxopropanoic acid) is the major urinary metabolites of ethyl 3-ethoxypropionate (EEP).
S3320	(R)-3-Hydroxybutanoic acid	(R)-3-Hydroxybutanoic acid (R-3HB, D-3-hydroxybutyric acid) is a monomer of PHB (poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate]) with wide industrial and medical applications. (R)-3-hydroxybutyric acid can also serve as chiral precursor for synthesis of pure biodegradable PHB and its copolyesters.
S3049	Calcium 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)butanoate	Calcium 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)butanoate is an active endogenous metabolite.
S3135	2-Amino-1-phenylethanol	2-Amino-1-phenylethanol (2-APE) is a noradrenaline analogue.
S3221	Thymidine 5'-monophosphate disodium salt	Thymidine-5'-monophosphate (5'-Thymidylic acid) disodium salt is an active endogenous metabolite.
S3311	Myosmine	Myosmine is not only one of the minor tobacco alkaloids but is also present in various foods. Myosmine has low affinity against a4b2 nicotinic acetylcholinergic receptors (nAChR) with Ki of 3300 nM.
S3321	N-Methylnicotinamide	N-Methylnicotinamide (MNA, Nicotinyl Methylamide, N-Methyl-3-pyridinecarboxamide) is an active endogenous metabolite that improves endothelial dysfunction and attenuates atherogenesis via the modulation of ADMA-DDAH axis.
S3325	L-Cysteic acid monohydrate	L-Cysteic acid monohydrate (CAM) is an active endogenous metabolite.
S3329	(L)-Dehydroascorbic acid	(L)-Dehydroascorbic acid (DHA) is an oxidized form of l-Ascorbic acid (AsA) that efficiently scavenges non-thermal plasma-induced hydroxyl radicals in the presence of thiols and fails to scavenge hydroxyl radicals by itself.
S3342	Petroselinic acid	Petroselinic acid (PSA) is a positional isomer of oleic acid isolated from the vegetable oil of Coriandrum sativum fruits. Petroselinic acid can be used for the fermentation of new sophorolipids.
S3344	Serotonin creatinine sulfate monohydrate	Serotonin (5-Hydroxytryptamine) creatinine sulfate monohydrate is an active endogenous metabolite.
S3346	1-Methylnicotinamide chloride	1-Methylnicotinamide (1-MNA, 3-Carbamoyl-1-methylpyridin-1-ium, Trigonellamide) chloride is an active endogenous metabolite of nicotinamide that exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-thrombotic activities. 1-Methylnicotinamide enhances tumor vasculature formation and markedly increases prostacyclin (PGI2) generation.
S3349	Phosphocholine chloride calcium salt tetrahydrate	Phosphocholine (Phosphorylcholine) chloride calcium salt tetrahydrate is an active endogenous metabolite.
S3350	Cholesteryl linoleate	Cholesteryl linoleate is less polar lipid in human nasal fluid that contributes to the inherent antibacterial activity.
S3352	Tricosanoic acid	Tricosanoic acid is an aliphatic carboxylic acid that exhibits a strong hair-growing effect.
S3353	Lithium acetoacetate	Lithium acetoacetate (LiAcAc, Acetoacetic acid lithium salt, Lithium 3-oxobutanoate) is an active endogenous metabolite that affects the growth of cells. Lithium acetoacetate can be used as an acetoacetate standard for the measurement of acetoacetate in biological samples.
S3354	DL-2,3-Diaminopropionic acid monohydrochloride	DL-2,3-Diaminopropionic acid monohydrochloride (2,3-Diaminopropanoic acid hydrochloride) is an active endogenous metabolite.
S3355	3-Hydroxyanthranilic acid	3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acid (3-HAA, 3-HANA), a tryptophan metabolite, has an immunomodulatory effect that may result from inhibition of PI3K/Akt/mTOR and NF-κB activity, thereby decreasing the production of pro-inflammatory mediators.
S3356	Phosphonoacetic acid	Phosphonoacetic acid (PAA) is an active endogenous metabolite that possesses a restricted potential to block DNA biosynthesis. Phosphonoacetic acid exhibits anti-viral activities.
S3357	Elaidic acid	Elaidic acid is a major trans fatty acid that inhibits cell viability, elevates cell apoptosis by enhancing oxidative stress. Elaidic acid can be used as a pharmaceutical solvent.
S3359	Isomaltulose hydrate	Isomaltulose (Palatinose) hydrate is a disaccharide carbohydrate widely used during exercise to maintain glycaemia and hydration.
S3361	(3-Carboxypropyl)trimethylammonium chloride	(3-Carboxypropyl)trimethylammonium chloride (γ-Butyrobetaine, γBB hydrochloride) is an intermediary metabolite by gut microbes from dietary L-carnitine in mice.
S3362	D-Gulonic acid γ-lactone	D-Gulonic acid γ-lactone (Gulonolactone, D-Gulono-1,4-lactone, 1,4-D-Gulonolactone) is an active endogenous metabolite.
S3363	DL-Mandelic acid	DL-Mandelic acid (MA, 2-Hydroxy-2-phenylacetic acid, Amygdalic acid, Almond acid) can be intercalated into Zn-Al layered double hydroxide (LDH) by an anion-exchange reaction to build a novel antimicrobial layered material.
S3367	cis-4-Hydroxy-D-proline	cis-4-Hydroxy-D-proline (H-D-cis-Hyp-OH) is an endogenous metabolite that can be used to study the specificity and kinetics of D-alanine dehydrogenase.
S3368	Uridine-5'-diphosphate disodium salt	Uridine-5'-diphosphate (UDP) disodium salt is a potent, selective and natural agonist of P2Y₆ receptor with EC50 = 300 nM and pEC50 of 6.52, respectively. Uridine-5'-diphosphate (UDP) disodium salt is also an antagonist of P2Y₁₄ receptor with pEC50 of 7.28.
S3371	N-Acetyl-D-mannosamine	N-Acetyl-D-mannosamine (ManNAc, N-acetyl-beta-mannosamine), a precursor of a sialic acid, improves the age-dependent attenuation of synaptic transmission and long-term potentiation (LTP). N-Acetyl-D-mannosamine treatment is a potential therapeutic application for cognitive dysfunction.
S3088	(±)-Methyl Jasmonate	(±)-Methyl Jasmonate (MeJA, Methyl jasmonate, Methyl 2-(3-oxo-2-(pent-2-en-1-yl)cyclopentyl)acetate), a phytohormone that acts as a vital cell regulator in plants, is a new candidate for the treatment of Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), modulating the expression of the major classes of caspase-type protease families.
S3169	2'-Deoxyuridine 5'-monophosphate disodium salt	2'-Deoxyuridine 5'-monophosphate disodium salt (dUMP) is a substrate for thymidylate synthase and is converted to deoxythymidine monophosphate (dTMP). The inhibition of dUMP to dTMP at the methylation step is a key in controlling bacterial and eukaryotic cell growth.
S3322	Nicotinuric acid	Nicotinuric acid (NUA) is the major detoxification product of nicotinic acid and may serve as a simple quantitative index of hepatic biotransformation of nicotinic acid.
S3332	D-Mannosamine hydrochloride	D-Mannosamine hydrochloride ((2S,3R,4S,5R)-2-Amino-3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxyhexanal hydrochloride) is an active endogenous metabolite.
S3364	3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid	3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid (3-HPAA) is a phenolic acid mostly found in olive oil wastewater and an intestinal metabolite of the dietary flavonoid quercetin. 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid exhibits antimicrobial properties.
S3040	Isocitric acid trisodium salt	Isocitric acid (DL-Isocitric acid) trisodium salt is an active endogenous metabolite.
S3089	12-Hydroxydodecanoic acid	12-Hydroxydodecanoic acid (G12) is an active endogenous metabolite.
S3341	Palmitoleic acid	Palmitoleic acid (POA, Palmitoleate) stimulates the uptake of glucose in liver through activation of AMPK and FGF-21, dependent on PPARα.
S2989	Nα-Acetyl-L-asparagine	Nα-Acetyl-L-asparagine (N-Acetylasparagine, (S)-2-acetamido-4-amino-4-oxobutanoic acid) is an endogenous metabolite that exists in human brain.
S2991	Thiamine monophosphate chloride dihydrate	Thiamine monophosphate chloride dihydrate (Vitamin B1 Monophosphate Chloride, Sineurina, Phosphothiamine) is an endogenous metabolite.
S2992	Sodium mesoxalate monohydrate	Sodium mesoxalate monohydrate (sodium 2,2-dihydroxymalonate) is an endogenous metabolite.
S2993	D-Saccharic acid potassium salt	D-Saccharic acid potassium salt (D-Glucaric acid potassium, Potassium bisaccharate) is an endogenous metabolite.
S2999	Acetic acid octyl ester	Acetic acid octyl ester (Octyl acetate) is one of the major components of essential oils in the vittae, or oil tubes, of the wild parsnip (Pastinaca sativa). Acetic acid octyl ester exhibits antioxidant activity.
S3006	Methyl isoeugenol	Methyl isoeugenol (Methylisoeugenol) is an eugenol analogue isoeugenol isolated from Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma. Methyl isoeugenol is a highly attractive lure for Z. diversus and would be a valuable inclusion as an attractant in monitoring and male annihilation programs.
S3009	Menthone	Menthone is one of the main volatile components of the essential oil of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.). Menthone is used as antioxidant agent and has a good compensatory effect with significant reduction in DNA damages in sperm cells.
S3091	Methyl acetoacetate	Methyl acetylacetate (MAA, Acetoacetate methyl ester, Methyl 3-oxobutanoate, Methyl 3-oxobutyrate, Methyl acetoacetate, Methyl acetylacetate), an endogenous metabolite, is used as a chemical reagent used in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals.
S2998	Isophorone	Isophorone (IPHO), an α,β-unsaturated cyclic ketone, is a clear liquid with a camphor-like odor. Isophorone is used as a precursor to polymers.
S3313	Nudifloric Acid	Nudifloric acid (1-Methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylic acid), isolated from Cordyceps bassiana, which is one of Cordyceps species with anti-oxidative, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, anti-angiogenic, and anti-nociceptive activities.
S3317	cis-3-Hexenyl hexanoate	Cis-3-Hexenyl hexanoate ((Z)-3-hexenyl hexanoate) is a kind of plant volatile that brings tropical and pulpy profile with citrus and green nuances to all kinds of fruit flavors.
S3327	Disodium 5'-inosinate monohydrate	Disodium 5'-inosinate monohydrate (Inosine 5'-monophosphate disodium salt hydrate) is an endogenous metabolite.
S3333	(2R,3R)-(-)-2,3-Butanediol	(2R,3R)-(-)-2,3-Butanediol ((2R,3R)-Butane-2,3-diol) is an endogenous metabolite.
S2990	Dihydroxyfumaric acid hydrate	Dihydroxyfumaric acid hydrate (DHF) is an endogenous metabolite. The diester derivative of dihydroxyfumaric acid hydrate (DHF) has been used exclusively as an electrophile in organic synthesis.
S2988	DL-5-Hydroxylysine hydrochloride	DL-5-Hydroxylysine hydrochloride, an endogenous metabolite, is a racemic mixture of D- and L- enantiomers of 5-hydroxylysine which may be used as potential target markers for radical-induced protein oxidation.
S2994	DL-Homocysteine	DL-Homocysteine is a weak neurotoxin that affects the production of kynurenic acid (KYNA) in the brain. DL-Homocysteine inhibits the activity of both KYNA biosynthetic enzymes, kynurenine aminotransferases (KATs) I and II.
S3099	δ-Valerolactone	δ-Valerolactone (Tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-one, 5-Valerolactone, oxan-2-one) is an endogenous metabolite.
S3328	N-Formyl-L-methionine	N-Formyl-L-methionine (For-Met-OH) is an endogenous metabolite.
S6955	Insulin (human)	Insulin (human) (Insulin regular) is a polypeptide hormone that regulates the level of glucose. Insulin is commonly used to treat hyperglycemia in patients with diabetes. Potency: 29 units/mg.
S2986	9-Methoxycanthin-6-one	9-Methoxycanthin-6-one is present in intact plant parts and in callus tissues of different explants with anti-tumour activity.
S3108	2,5-Dimethylpyrazine	2,5-Dimethylpyrazine (NSC 49139) is an endogenous metabolite.
S2996	L-DAB HBR	L-DAB HBR (L-Dab Hydrobromide, L-2,4-Diaminobutyric acid hydrobromide) is an inhibitor of GABA (Gamma-aminobutyric acid) transaminase with IC50 of >500 μM. L-DAB HBR exhibits antitumor activity.
S3029	Malonic acid	Malonic acid (MOA), one of the major dicarboxylic acids (DCAs) in aerosols, has been identified experimentally and computationally to be a strong acid. Malonic acid (MOA) acts as a mediate bridge for the formation of pure SA-A-based clusters.
S3086	Maleic acid	Maleic acid inhibits glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) activity, thus enhances acid sensitivity of Listeria monocytogenes. Maleic acid affects the extracellular GABA levels.
S3090	trans-Aconitic acid	trans-Aconitic acid (TAA) is an abundant constituent in the leaves of Echinodorus grandiflorus, a medicinal plant used to treat rheumatoid arthritis in Brazil.
S3101	2-Deoxy-D-ribose	2-Deoxy-D-ribose (Thyminose, Deoxyribose) is an endogenous metabolite.
S3118	L-Homoserine	L-Homoserine (L-Hse) is an important biosynthetic intermediate of threonine, methionine and lysine.
S3123	3-Methyl-2-buten-1-ol	3-Methyl-2-buten-1-ol (Prenol, Prenyl alcohol, Dimethylallyl alcohol) is an endogenous metabolite.
S3143	Pyruvic acid	Pyruvic acid (Acetylformic acid) is an important organic chemical intermediate that plays a role in cardiomyocyte pathophysiology and therapy. Pyruvic acid markedly increases the level of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK) and reduces the level of Ca²⁺Mg²⁺-ATPase and Na⁺K⁺-ATPase.
S3084	Guanosine 5'-triphosphate trisodium salt	Guanosine 5'-triphosphate (5'-GTP, Guanosine triphosphate, H4GTP) trisodium salt is an enhancer of myogenic cell differentiation in a murine cells. Guanosine 5'-triphosphate trisodium salt up-regulates miRNA (specifically miR133a and miR133b) and myogenic regulator factor and induces human myogenic precursor cells to release exosomes stuffed with guanosine based molecules (mainly guanosine) in the extracellular milieu.
S3125	N-Formylglycine	N-Formylglycine (2-formamidoacetic acid, For-Gly-OH, FGly) is an endogenous metabolite.
S3126	Sodium 2-hydroxybutanoate	Sodium 2-hydroxybutanoate (Sodium 2-hydroxybutyrate, Sodium DL-2-hydroxybutyrate), converted from 2-Aminobutyric acid, is an intermediate metabolite.
S3127	2,4-Dihydroxypyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid	2,4-Dihydroxypyrimidine-5-carboxylic Acid (Uracil 5-carboxylic acid, Isoorotic acid, 5-Carboxyuracil) is an endogenous metabolite.
S3128	N-Acetyl-D-galactosamine	N-Acetyl-D-galactosamine (D-N-Acetylgalactosamine) is an endogenous metabolite.
S3131	L-(-)-Glucose	L-Glucose (L-(-)-Glucose) is an enantiomer of D-glucose. L-Glucose promotes food intake while cannot be used by cells as an energy source because it cannot be phosphorylated by hexokinase.
S3134	D-(-)-Tartaric acid	D-(-)-Tartaric acid is the unnatural isomer of Tartaric acid which is an important chiral chemical building block with broad industrial and scientific applications.
S3141	Maleimide	Maleimide exhibits fluorescence quenching ability and can be used for the specific detection of thiol analytes as fluorogenic probes. Maleimide is also used for production of antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) which is used in cancer research.
S3142	Potassium sorbate	Potassium sorbate (Sorbic acid potassium) is a nonpoisonous food preservative isolated from Sorbus aucuparia. Potassium sorbate is an effective inhibitor of most molds and yeasts and some bacteria.
S3145	Pimelic acid	Pimelic acid (Heptanedioic acid, 1,5-Pentanedicarboxylic acid, 1,7-Heptanedioic acid) originating from fatty acid synthesis pathway is a bona fide precursor of biotin in B. subtilis.
S3152	Glutaric acid	Glutaric acid (GA) is an attractive C5 dicarboxylic acid with wide applications in the biochemical industry.
S3159	Citraconic acid	Citraconic acid (CA) is a kind of methyl-branched fatty acids that exists in wild soybean.
S3316	5-Hydroxy-1-tetralone	5-hydroxy-1-tetralone is a fluorescent labeling reagent for the determination of glycosphingolipid from small amounts of biological samples.
S3330	Maleamic acid	Maleamic acid ((Z)-4-Amino-4-oxobut-2-enoic acid) is an endogenous metabolite.
S3339	3-(2-Hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid	3-(2-Hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid (Melilotic acid, Melilotate, 2-hydroxybenzenepropanoic acid) is an endogenous metabolite.
S2987	4-Methyl-2-oxovaleric acid	4-Methyl-2-oxovaleric acid (Ketoleucine, 4-MOV, KIC, 4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid, alpha-Ketoisocaproic acid, alpha-ketoisocaproate, 2-Oxoisohexanoate) is released by Astrocytes to neurons and can be reaminated by aminotransferase to leucine. 4-Methyl-2-oxovaleric acid reduces the rate of protein degradation in skeletal muscle. 4-Methyl-2-oxovaleric acid acts as an uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and as a metabolic inhibitor possibly through its inhibitory effect on alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, OGDC) activity.
S3266	L-Anserine nitrate salt	L-Anserine nitrate salt, a dipeptide found in most animal tissues, exhibits antioxidant properties, anti-crosslinking, and anti-glycation activities. L-Anserine protects against neurotoxicity induced by ER-stress inducers.
S1273	Amarogentin	Amarogentin (AG), a secoiridoid glycoside mainly extracted from Swertia and Gentiana roots, exhibits anti-oxidative, anti-tumour, and anti-diabetic activities. Amarogentin is an agonist for the bitter taste receptor TAS2R1 and inhibits in LAD-2 cells substance P-induced production of newly synthesized TNF-α. Amarogentin induces apoptosis in human gastric cancer cells (SNU-16) through G2/M cell cycle arrest and PI3K/Akt signalling pathway. Amarogentin (AG) interacts with the α2 subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and activates the trimeric kinase with EC50 of 277 pM.
S0923	Isoliquiritin apioside	Isoliquiritin apioside (ISLA, ILA), a component isolated from Glycyrrhizae radix rhizome (GR), significantly decreases PMA-induced increases in matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activities and suppresses PMA-induced activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and NF-κB. Isoliquiritin apioside possesses anti-metastatic and anti-angiogenic abilities in malignant cancer cells and ECs, with no cytotoxicity.
S2869	Adamantane	Adamantane is a colorless, crystalline chemical compound first isolated from petroleum with a camphor-like odor. Adamantane is used to treat influenza A virus infections.
S9690	Caerulein (FI-6934)	Caerulein (Ceruletide, Cerulein, FI-6934), a cholecystokinin (CCK) receptor agonist, is a safe and effective cholecystokinetic agent and small bowel and exocrine pancreatic stimulant.
S6924	D-Luciferin sodium salt	D-Luciferin (D-(-)-Luciferin, Firefly luciferin) sodium salt is the natural substrate of luciferases that catalyze the production of light in bioluminescent insects.
S3290	Procyanidin B2	Procyanidin B2 (PCB2), a natural flavonoid found in commonly consumed foods, possess anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-cancer activities. Procyanidin B2 activates PPARγ to induce M2 polarization in mouse macrophages. Procyanidin B2 significantly suppresses the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in the lung tissue induced by paraquat in the rat model.
S9700	Tapinarof	Tapinarof (GSK2894512, Benvitimod, WBI 1001, DHPS, DMVT 505) is a natural agonist of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and induces nuclear translocation of AhR in immortalized keratinocytes (HaCaT) with EC50 of 0.16 nM. Tapinarof induces cellular apoptosis in CD4+ T cells in a dosedependent manner with IC50 of 5.2 μM.
S6919	Brevilin A	Brevilin A (6-O-Angeloylplenolina), a sesquiterpene lactone isolated from Centipeda minima, is a selective inhibitor of STAT3 and attenuates the JAKs activity by blocking the JAKs tyrosine kinase domain JH1. Brevilin A induces apoptosis and autophagy of colon adenocarcinoma cell CT26 via mitochondrial pathway and PI3K/AKT/mTOR inactivation.
S0924	Pteryxin	Pteryxin ((+)-Pteryxin), a dihydropyranocoumarin derivative found in Apiaceae family, is a potent inhibitor of butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) with IC50 of 12.96 μg/ml. Pteryxin inhibits LPS-induced nitric oxide production in mouse peritoneal macrophages with IC50 of 20 µM. Pteryxin is potential for Alzheimer's disease (AD) treatment.
S0973	Wilforgine	Wilforgine, one of the major bioactive sesquiterpene alkaloids in Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. F., induces microstructural and ultrastructural changes in the muscles of M. separata larvae, and the sites of action are proposed to be calcium receptors or channels in the muscular system.
S3254	Plantagoside	Plantagoside, a flavanone glucoside isolated from the seeds of Plantago asiatica, is a specific and non-competitive alpha-mannosidase inhibitor with IC50 of 5 μM.
S3253	Xylobiose	Xylobiose (1,4-β-D-Xylobiose, 1,4-D-Xylobiose), a disaccharide of xylose monomers, is a natural substrate that can be hydrolysed by Beta-D-Xylosidase/alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase from Selenomonas ruminantium (SXA).
S3252	Xylotriose	Xylotriose (1,4-b-D-Xylotriose, 1,4-beta-D-xylotriose) is a natural xylooligosaccharide substrate that can be hydrolysed by catalytically efficient beta-D-xylosidase from Selenomonas ruminantium (SXA).
S3222	Raspberry ketone glucoside	Raspberry ketone glucoside (RKG), a natural product in raspberry fruit, is an antioxidant that has the inhibitory effect on the melanin synthesis.
S3223	L-Quebrachitol	L-Quebrachitol (L-QCT), a natural product isolated from many plants, promotes proliferation and cell DNA synthesis. L-Quebrachitol upregulates bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and runt-related transcription factor-2 (Runx2) and regulatory genes associated with mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, while down-regulating the receptor activator of the nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB) ligand (RANKL) mRNA level.
S3226	Dehydroabietic acid	Dehydroabietic acid (DAA, DHAA), a naturally occurring diterpene resin acid derived from coniferous plants such as Pinus and Picea, displays anti-inflammatory activity via suppression of Src-, Syk-, and TAK1-mediated pathways.
S3278	Kaempferol-3-O-neohesperidoside	Kaempferol 3-neohesperidoside (Kaempferol 3-O-neohesperidoside), a flavonoid isolated from the leaf extract of Primula latifolia Lapeyr. and Primula vulgaris Hudson, stimulates glycogen synthesis in rat soleus muscle via PI3K - GSK-3 pathway and MAPK - PP1 pathway.
S3289	Daphnoretin	Daphnoretin (Dephnoretin, Thymelol), a biologically active compound isolated from Wikstroemia indica C.A. Mey., is a protein kinase C (PKC) activator. Daphnoretin inhibits the proliferation, invasion, and migration of tumor cells and promote its apoptosis by regulating the activity of Akt signal pathway.
S3295	Taxifolin 7-rhamnoside	Taxifolin 7-rhamnoside (TR, Taxifolin 7-O-rhamnoside, Taxifolin 7-O-α-L-rhamnoside), a flavonoid isolated from Hypericum japonicum, shows antibacterial activity against clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
S3224	Cinobufagin	Cinobufagin (Cinobufagine), an active ingredient of Venenum Bufonis, inhibits tumor development. Cinobufagin increases ATM and Chk2 and decreases CDC25C, CDK1, and cyclin B. Cinobufagin inhibits PI3K, AKT and Bcl-2 while increases levels of cleaved caspase-9 and caspase-3. Thus, Cinobufagin induces cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and apoptosis.
S3230	L-Fucitol	L-Fucitol (1-Deoxy-D-galactitol), a galactitol analogue isolated from Myristica fragrans (Nutmeg), inhibits galactitol-positive strains of Escherichia coli K12.
S3233	Emetine hydrochloride	Emetine hydrochloride (NSC 33669), a principal alkaloid extracted from the root of ipecac clinically used as an emetic and antiprotozoal drug, reduces HIFs (hypoxia-inducible factors; HIF-1α and HIF-2α), PDK1, RhoA, Rho-kinases (ROCK1 and ROCK2) and BRD4. Emetine hydrochloride inhibits cellular autophagy and has anti-malarial, anti-viral, anti-bacterial and anti-amoebic effect.
S3236	Mesaconitine	Mesaconitine, one of the aconite alkaloids in Aconiti tuber, increases the [Ca2+]i level in endothelial cells by influx of Ca2+ from extracellular spaces.
S3238	Resibufogenin	Resibufogenin (Bufogenin, Recibufogenin), a component of huachansu with anticancer effect, triggers necroptosis through upregulating receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIP3) and phosphorylating mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein at Ser358. Resibufogenin exerts cytotoxic effect by inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Resibufogenin induces apoptosis and caspase-3 and caspase-8 activity. Resibufogenin increases Bax/Bcl-2 expression, and suppresses cyclin D1, cyclin E, PI3K, p-AKT, p-GSK3β and β-catenin protein expression.
S3245	Nodakenetin	Nodakenetin (NANI), a plant-derived coumarin isolated from Angelica decursiva, inhibits α-glucosidase, PTP1B, rat lens aldose reductase (RLAR), AChE, BChE, and β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1). Nodakenetin alters the protein expression of Bax and Bcl-2, and prompts mitochondrial apoptosis. Nodakenetin exhibits anti-tumor activity.
S3251	Goitrin	Goitrin (DL-Goitrin, (R, S)-Goitrin, R,S-goitrin) is one of the main constituent of Radix isatidis (Banlangen) which is widely used as a traditional Chinese medicine for treating fever and removing toxic heat. Goitrin exhibits antiviral and antiendotoxin activity.
S3262	Scopolin	Scopolin, a coumarin isolated from Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis), attenuates hepatic steatosis through activation of SIRT1-mediated signaling cascades, a potent regulator of lipid homeostasis.
S3267	Kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside	Kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside (Nicotiflorin, Nikotoflorin, Kaempferol 3-O-β-rutinoside), a flavonoid extracted from Carthamus tinctorius, alters the shape and structure of injured neurons, decreases the number of apoptotic cells, down-regulates expression of p-JAK2, p-STAT3, caspase-3, and Bax and decreases Bax immunoredactivity, and increases Bcl-2 protein expression and immunoreactivity.
S3271	Caudatin	Caudatin (Cauldatin), one species of C‑21 steroidal from Cynanchum auriculatum (C. auriculatum), effectively inhibits human glioma growth in vitro and in vivo through triggering cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.
S3273	Hypericin	Hypericin (Hyp, HY) is a naturally occurring substance found in the common St. John's Wort (Hypericum species) with antidepressive, antineoplastic and antiviral (human immunodeficiency and hepatitis C virus) activities. Hypericin has inhibitory effects on MAO (monoaminoxidase), PKC (protein kinase C), dopamine-beta-hydroxylase, reverse transcriptase, telomerase and CYP (cytochrome P450).
S3291	Myristicin	Myristicin (Myristicine), a terpene-like active component in Nutmeg which is the seed of Myristica fragrans, is a weak inhibitor of monamine oxidase (MAO) and a mechanism-based inhibitor of CYP1A2.
S3296	Hispidulin	Hispidulin (Dinatin), an active natrual ingredient in a number of traditional Chinese medicinal herbs, exhibits inhibitory activity against the oncogenic protein kinase Pim-1 with IC50 of 2.71 μM. Hispidulin induces apoptosis through mitochondrial dysfunction and inhibition of P13k/Akt signalling pathway in HepG2 cancer cells. Hispidulin exerts anti-osteoporotic and bone resorption attenuating effects via activating the AMPK signaling pathway.
S3300	Desoxyrhaponticin	Desoxyrhaponticin (DC, DES), a stilbene glycoside from Rheum tanguticum Maxim. ex Balf. (rhubarb) which is a traditional Chinese nutritional food, is a fatty acid synthase (FAS/FASN) inhibitor. Desoxyrhaponticin (DC, DES) is also a competitive inhibitor of glucose uptake with IC50 of 148.3 μM and 30.9 μM in rabbit intestinal membrane vesicles and in rat everted gut sleeves, respectively. Desoxyrhaponticin has apoptotic effect on human cancer cells.
S3301	Cynarin	Cynarin (Cynarine) is an artichoke phytochemical that possesses a variety of pharmacological features including free-radical scavenging, antioxidant, antihistamic and antiviral activities. Cynarin blocks the interaction between the CD28 of T-cell receptor and CD80 of antigen presenting cells. Cynarin triggers Nrf2 nuclear translocation, restores the balance of glutathione (GSH) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), and inhibits mitochondrial depolarization.
S3305	Medicagenic acid	Medicagenic acid (Castanogenin), a bioactive triterpenoid pentacyclic glycoside isolated from Herniaria glabra L., has low xanthine oxidase, collagenase, elastase, and tyrosinase inhibitory activity.
S3240	Phaseoloidin	Phaseoloidin, a homogentisic acid glucoside from Nicotiana attenuata trichomes, contributes to the plant's resistance against lepidopteran herbivores. Phaseoloidin has anti-complement effects.
S3242	Loureirin B	Loureirin B (LB, LrB), a flavonoid extracted from Dracaena cochinchinensis, is an inhibitor of PAI-1 with IC50 of 26.10 μM. Loureirin B downregulates p-ERK and p-JNK in TGF-β1-stimulated fibroblasts. Loureirin B promotes insulin secretion mainly through increasing Pdx-1, MafA, intracellular ATP level, inhibiting the K_ATP current, influx of Ca²⁺ to the intracellular.
S3246	Picfeltarraenin IB	Picfeltarraenin IB, a cucurbitacin glycoside isolated from Picriafel-terrae, is an inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Picfeltarraenin IB can be used for the treatment of herpes infections, cancer and inflammation.
S3260	3'-hydroxy Puerarin	3'-hydroxy Puerarin is an isoflavone isolated from Puerariae Lobatae Radix.
S3264	Atractyloside potassium salt	Atractyloside potassium salt (ATR potassium salt), a toxic diterpenoid glycoside isolated from the fruits of Xanthium sibiricum (Cang'erzi), is a powerful and specific inhibitor of mitochondrial ADP/ATP carriers. Atractyloside potassium salt inhibits chloride channels from mitochondrial membranes of rat heart.
S3269	Acetylcorynoline	Acetylcorynoline, a major alkaloid component derived from Corydalis bungeana which is a traditional Chinese medical herb, shows anti-inflammatory properties. Acetylcorynoline may decrease egl-1 expression to suppress apoptosis pathways and increase rpn5 expression to enhance the activity of proteasomes.
S3270	Genipin 1-O-beta-D-gentiobioside	Genipin 1-O-beta-D-gentiobioside (GG, Genipin 1-β-D-gentiobioside, Genipin 1-gentiobioside, Genipin 1-β-gentiobioside, Genipin gentiobioside) is a bioactive iridoid glycoside isolated from Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (Zhizi in Chinese) that exhibits hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antithrombotic activities.
S3275	Senkyunolide I	Senkyunolide I (SEI, SENI) is an orally active compound isolated from Ligusticum chuanxiong with analgesic, anti-migraine, neuroprotective, anti-oxidation and anti-apoptosis activities. Senkyunolide I (SEI, SENI) up-regulates the phosphorylation of Erk1/2 and induces Nrf2 nuclear translocation with enhanced HO-1 and NQO1 expressions. Senkyunolide I (SEI, SENI) promotes the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax and inhibits the expressions of cleaved caspase 3 and caspase 9.
S3297	Hosenkoside A	Hosenkoside A is a bioactive baccharane glycoside isolated from the seeds of impatiens balsamina.
S3303	Cyperotundone	Cyperotundone (CYT) is an active constituent in Chuanxiong Rhizoma and Cyperi Rhizoma (CRCR) for treating migraine.
S3307	Galangin 3-methyl ether	Galangin 3-methyl ether (3-O-Methylgalangin, 3-Methylgalangin), isolated from Lychnophora markgravii aerial parts, shows strong antibacterial and antifungal effects.
S3308	Caftaric acid	Caftaric acid (CA, Caffeoyl tartaric acid) is a natural product that shows anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
S3276	Hosenkoside K	Hosenkoside K is a bioactive baccharane glycoside isolated from the seeds of impatiens balsamina.
S6906	Capric acid	Capric acid (DA, Decanoic acid, Decylic acid), a component of medium-chain triclycerides occurring naturally in coconut oil and palm kernel oil, contributes to seizure control through direct AMPA receptor inhibition. Capric acid is also a modulating ligand for PPARs. Due to its specific melting range the product may be solid, liquid, a solidified melt or a supercooled melt.
S6899	Licochalcone D	Licochalcone D (Lico D, LCD, LD), a flavonoid isolated from a Chinese medicinal plant Glycyrrhiza inflata, has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties. Licochalcone D inhibit phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 in LPS signaling pathway. Licochalcone D inhibits JAK2, EGFR and Met (c-Met) activities and induces ROS-dependent apoptosis. Licochalcone D also induces caspases activation and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage.
S3265	9''-Methyl salvianolate B	9''-Methyl salvianolate B (9'-methyllithospermate B, 9'-Methyl lithospermate B, 9'''-Methyl salvianolate B) is an active constituent in ethanol extract of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae.
S6885	Ailanthone	Ailanthone (AIL, Δ13-Dehydrochaparrinone), a natural anti-hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) component in Ailanthus altissima, induces G0/G1-phase cell cycle arrest by decreasing expression of cyclins and CDKs and increases expression of p21 and p27. Ailanthone triggers DNA damage characterized by activation of the ATM/ATR pathway. Ailanthone induces apoptosis which is mitochondrion-mediated and involves the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in Huh7 cells. Ailanthone is also a potent inhibitor of both full-length Androgen Receptor (AR-FL) and constitutively active truncated AR splice variants (AR-Vs, AR_1-651) with IC50 of 69 nM and 309 nM, respectively.
S0917	Allosecurinin	Allosecurinine (Phyllochrysine) is a Securinega alkaloid isolated from M.indica and M.discoidea with antifungal activity.
S0906	6-Methoxydihydroavicine	6-Methoxydihydroavicine (6-Methoxy Dihydrosanguinarine) is an lkaloid isolated from the fruits of M.cordata.
S3288	Absinthin	Absinthin (Absynthine) is a naturally produced triterpene lactone from Artemisia absinthium with anti-inflammatory properties. Absinthin significantly enhances the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) and is a possible treatment candidate for Acute lung injury (ALI).
S3287	Rosamultin	Rosamultin is a 19 α-hydroxyursane-type triterpenoid isolated from Potentilla anserina L. that inhibits HIV-1 protease. Rosamultin has protective effects on H₂O₂-induced oxidative damage and apoptosis.
S6340	Guanidinoacetic acid	Guanidinoacetic acid (Guanidino acetic acid, GAA, Glycocyamine, Guanidinoacetate), the natural precursor of creatine, is under investigation as a dietary agent. Guanidinoacetic acid exhibits potential ergogenic benefits for physically active men and women.
S3220	Trigonelline	Trigonelline (Trigenolline) is a plant alkaloid and a major component of coffee and fenugreek with anti-degranulation, anti-diabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects. Trigonelline inhibits FcεRI-mediated intracellular signaling pathways, such as phosphorylation of PLCγ1, PI3K, and Akt. Trigonelline (Trigenolline) also inhibits the microtubule formation in RBL-2H3 cells.
S3235	Sinapine	Sinapine is an alkaloid isolated from seeds of the cruciferous species with antioxidant, antitumor and radio-protective activities. Sinapine inhibits the proliferation of Caco-2 cells via downregulation of P-glycoprotein.
S3261	Myrislignan	Myrislignan, a lignan isolated from Myristica fragrans Houtt, possesses anti-inflammatory activities. Myrislignan inhibits interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Myrislignan significantly inhibits the expressions of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) dose-dependently in LPS-stimulated macrophage cells. Myrislignan inhibits the NF-κB signalling pathway activation.
S3279	Polyphyllin B (Formosanin C)	Polyphyllin B (Formosanin C, FC), a diosgenin saponin isolated from Paris formosana, is an immunomodulator with antitumor activity. Polyphyllin B (Formosanin C, FC) induces apoptosis.
S3280	Linderene	Linderene (Lindenenol) is a furanosesquiterpenoid isolated from Lindera pulcherrima with antibacterial and antioxidant activities.
S3281	Quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucose-7-O-β-D-gentiobioside	Quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucose-7-O-β-D-gentiobioside (Quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucose-7-O-β-D-gentiobiosiden, Quercetin-3-O-beta-D-glucose-7-O-beta-D-gentiobioside) is an active constituent of Descurainiae Semen.
S3298	Caulophylline (N-Methylcytisine)	Caulophylline (N-Methylcytisine, Caulophyllin, NMC) is a tricyclic quinolizidine alkaloid with anti-inflammatory activities. Caulophylline binds to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) from squid optical ganglia with Kd of 50 nM. Caulophylline significantly reduces myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, blocks the activation of NF-κB by inhibiting IκB and IKK phosphorylation.
S3302	β,β-dimethyl-acryl-alkannin	β,β-dimethyl-acryl-alkannin (AN-I, β,β-Dimethylacrylalkannin) is a napthoquinone isolated from roots of Arnebia nobilis Reichb.f. that has the potential to be used as an anti-aging ingredient.
S3304	Stylopine	Stylopine ((R,S)-Stylopine, Tetrahydrocoptisine) reduces nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), and the IL-6 production and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity caused by the LPS stimulation. Stylopine is a major component of the leaf of Chelidonium majus L.
S3306	1,1,1,1-Kestohexaose	1,1,1,1-Kestohexaose is a major DP 6 fructan in crested wheatgrass leaves.
S3205	Perillaldehyde	Perillaldehyde (Perilladehyde, Perillal, PAE, PA), the main component of Perilla frutescens (a traditional medicinal antioxidant herb), inhibits BaP-induced AHR activation and ROS production, inhibits BaP/AHR-mediated release of the CCL2 chemokine, and activats the NRF2/HO1 antioxidant pathway.
S3227	5,7-Dimethoxyflavone	5,7-Dimethoxyflavone (5,7-DMF) is an inhibitor of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3As that markedly decreases the expression of CYP3A11 and CYP3A25 in the liver. 5,7-Dimethoxyflavone (5,7-DMF) is also a potent Breast Cancer Resistance Protein (BCRP, ABCG2) inhibitor. 5,7-Dimethoxyflavone (5,7-DMF) is one of the major components of Kaempferia parviflora with anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory, and antineoplastic effects.
S3237	Deoxyaconitine	3-Deoxyaconitine is a diterpenoid alkaloid isolated from the root of Aconitum Carmichaeli Debx.
S3241	Loureirin A	Loureirin A is a flavonoid extracted from the red resin of the herbs of Dracaena cochinchinensis, which is known as Dragon's Blood. Loureirin A inhibits platelet activation by an impairment of PI3K/Akt signaling. Loureirin A inhibits Akt phosphorylation.
S3247	Icariside I	Icariside I (Icarisid I) is one of the main components in Epimedii Folium that significantly stimulates cell proliferation and osteoblasts differentiation.
S3249	Corypalmine	Corypalmine ((R)-(+)-Corypalmine), an alkaloid isolated from Stephania cepharantha, is an inhibitor of prolyl endopeptidase/oligopeptidase (PREP/POP) with IC50 of 128.0 μM.
S3255	Pectolinarigenin	Pectolinarigenin, an active anti-inflammatory ingredient in Cirsium chanroenicum, is a dual inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX).
S3256	Tectochrysin	Tectochrysin (Techtochrysin, NSC 80687) is one of the major flavonoids of Alpinia oxyphylla Miquel. Tectochrysin significantly increases the expression of DR3, DR4 and Fas and inhibits activity of NF-κB. Tectochrysin induces apoptotic cell death.
S3257	Rebaudioside B	Rebaudioside B (Reb B) is one of the minor steviol glycosides (SGs) isolated from Stevia rebaudiana and has a better taste quality than many of the major SGs.
S3259	Rebaudioside D	Rebaudioside D (Reb D) is one of the several glycosides (SGs) found in the leaves of Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) which has been identified as a potential sweetener.
S3272	Steviol (Hydroxydehydrostevic acid)	Steviol (Hydroxydehydrostevic acid, Hydroxy Dehydrostevic Acid, NSC 226902), a major metabolite of the sweetening compound stevioside, inhibits CFTR activity, reduces AQP2 expression and promotes AQP2 degradation.
S3274	Glucosyl-vitexin	Glucosyl-vitexin (Glucosylvitexin), the major C-glycosylflavone present in millet, inhibits thyroid peroxidase (TPO) activity.
S3282	Rebaudioside M	Rebaudioside M, isolated from Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni, is a natural non-caloric potential sweetener in food and beverage products.
S3283	Marmesin	Marmesin (S-(+)-Marmesin, (+)-Marmesin, (S)-Marmesin) is a natural coumarin with COX-2 and 5-LOX dual inhibitory activity.
S3284	Tracheloside	Tracheloside is a lignan glycoside isolated from seeds of Carthamus tinctorius with anti-estrogenic effects. Tracheloside significantly decreases the activity of alkaline phosphatase (AP) (an estrogen-inducible marker enzyme) with IC50 of 0.31 μg/ml. Tracheloside promotes keratinocyte proliferation through ERK1/2 stimulation.
S3285	Dihydrolycorine	Dihydrolycorine is a derivative of lycorine, an alkaloid isolated from Lycoris radiata Herb. Dihydrolycorine blocks protein synthesis in ascites cells and stabilize HeLa cell polysomes in vivo. Dihydrolycorine exhibits antihypertensive and neuroprotective activities.
S3299	Demethyleneberberine	Demethyleneberberine (DMB), a component of Cortex Phellodendri Chinensis (CPC), significantly alleviates the weight loss and diminishes myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, while significantly reduces the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and inhibits the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway. Demethyleneberberine (DMB) potentially ameliorates NAFLD (Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease) by activating AMPK pathways.
S0553	Butyl isobutyl phthalate	Butyl isobutyl phthalate (BIP), isolated from the rhizoid of Laminaria japonica, is a non-competitive inhibitor of α-glucosidase with IC50 of 38 μM. Butyl isobutyl phthalate displays a significant hypoglycemic effect and has the potential for diabetes treatment.
S3206	5a-Pregnane-3,20-dione	5a-Pregnane-3,20-dione (5alphaP, 5-a-dihydroprogesterone, 3,20-allopregnanedione, 5-Alpha-Dihydro Progesterone) is the endogenous progesterone metabolite. 5a-Pregnane-3,20-dione depolymerizes actin and decreases expression of actin and vinculin. 5a-Pregnane-3,20-dione is involved in promoting breast neoplasia and metastasis by affecting adhesion and cytoskeletal molecules.
S2440	Vindesine sulfate	Vindesine sulfate (Eldesine, Eldisine, Desacetyl Vinblastine amide, Desacetylvinblastine amide, DAVA, DVA, VDS), a vinca alkaloid derived from Catharanthus roseus, is a potent inhibitor of mitosis with antineoplastic activities. Vindesine binds to the microtubular proteins of the mitotic spindle, leading to crystallization of the microtubule and mitotic arrest or cell death.
S0949	Cucurbitacin IIb	Cucurbitacin IIb (CuIIb, Dihydrocucurbitacin F, 25-deacetyl hemslecin A) inhibits phosphorylation of STAT3, JNK and Erk1/2, enhances the phosphorylation of IκB and NF-κB, blocks nuclear translocation of NF-κB and decreases mRNA levels of IκBα and TNF-α. Cucurbitacin IIb exhibits anti-inflammatory activity and induces apoptosis. Cucurbitacin IIb is isolated from Hemsleya amabilis.
S6852	Gossypol	Gossypol (BL 193) is an orally-active polyphenol isolated from cotton seeds and roots. Gossypol is a potent inhibitor of 5α-reductase 1 and 3α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase with IC50 of 3.33 μM and 0.52 μM in cell-free assay, respectively. Gossypol also inhibits the binding of BH3 peptide to Bcl protein with IC50 of 0.4 μM and 10 μM for Bcl-XL and Bcl-2, respectively. Gossypol induces apoptosis and cell growth inhibition in various cancer cells.
S3210	3'-Hydroxy-4'-methoxyacetophenone	3'-Hydroxy-4'-methoxyacetophenone (Acetoisovanillone, Isoacetovanillone, Diosmin EP Impurity A) is an active P. spinosa extract with anti-inflammatory potential.
S3213	Veratryl alcohol	Veratryl alcohol (VA, Veratrole alcohol, 3,4-Dimethoxybenzyl alcohol), a secondary metabolite of some lignin degrading fungi, is the natural substrate of Lignin peroxidase (LiP).
S3214	Veratraldehyde (3,4-Dimethoxybenzaldehyde)	Veratraldehyde (3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde, VD, VAD, VAld, Verapamil Related Compound E, Methylvanillin), a derivative of vanillin, is the chemical that is found and isolated from peppermint, ginger, bourbon vanilla, and fruits such as raspberry. Veratraldehyde is widely used as a flavorant and odorant because of its pleasant woody fragrance. Veratraldehyde also acts as a redox cycle agent.
S3215	2-O-α-D-Glucopyranosyl-L-ascorbic acid	2-O-α-D-Glucopyranosyl-l-ascorbic acid (AA-2G), which is a glucoside derivative of ascorbic acid (AA), shows vitamin C activity after enzymatic hydrolysis to ascorbic acid. The antitumor activity of AA-2G is caused by ROS generated by AA released by rapid hydrolysis of AA-2G.
S3203	D-Alanine	D-alanine (Ala, (R)-Alanine, Ba 2776, D-α-Alanine, NSC 158286) is an endogenous co-agonist at the glycine site of the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor.
S3293	Gardenoside	Gardenoside is a natural compound extracted from Gardenia fruits, with hepatoprotective properties. Gardenoside inhibits TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and NFκB activation. Gardenoside also has an inhibitory effect on free fatty acids (FFA)-induced cellular steatosis. Gardenoside suppresses the pain in rats model of chronic constriction injury by regulating the P2X3 and P2X7 receptors.
S3292	Falcarindiol	Falcarindiol (FAD, (3R,8S)-Falcarindiol, FaDOH) is a natural polyacetylene compound found rich in many plants of the Umbelliferae family. Falcarindiol suppresses LPS-stimulated expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β). Falcarindiol attenuates the LPS-induced activation of JNK, ERK, STAT1, and STAT3 signaling molecules.
S3263	Agarotetrol	Agarotetrol is a chromone derivative found in high concentrations in the water-extract fraction of agarwood. Agarotetrol contributes to the fragrance of agarwood through the generation of LACs upon heating.
S3216	Uridine 5'-diphosphoglucose disodium salt	Uridine-5'-diphosphoglucose (UDPG, UDP-Glc, UDP-D-Glucose, UDP-α-D-Glucose) activates the P2Y(14) receptor, a neuroimmune system GPCR. Uridine-5'-diphosphoglucose is the precursor of glucose-containing oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, glycoproteins, and glycolipids in animal tissues and in some microorganisms.
S3250	Veratrine	Veratridine (Cevadine, Cevadin, Cevadene), a steroidal alkaloid found in plants of the lily family, is a voltage-gated sodium channel activator. Veratridine induces anxiogenic-like behaviors in rats.
S7904	2',3'-cGAMP Sodium Salt	2',3'-cGAMP Sodium Salt (2'-3'-cyclic GMP-AMP Sodium) is produced in response to DNA in the cytoplasm in mammalian cells and binds STING with high affinity and is an effective inducer of interferon-β (IFNβ). 2',3'-cGAMP binds to STING with Kd of 3.79 nM.
S6630	Dimethylcurcumin (ASC-J9)	Dimethylcurcumin (ASC-J9, Dimethyl curcumin, GO-Y025) is an androgen receptor (AR) degradation enhancer that suppresses castration-resistant prostate cancer growth through degradation of full-length and splice variant androgen receptors.
S2766	Glycerol	Glycerol (Glycerin) is a clear, colourless and viscous liquid that can be used as emollient, solvent or sweetening agent. Glycerol changes the separation characteristics of polyacrylamide nucleoprotein gels.
S8587	Withaferin A	Withaferin A (WA, WFA) potently inhibits NF-κB activation by preventing the tumor necrosis factor-induced activation of IκB kinase β via a thioalkylation-sensitive redox mechanism. Withaferin A binds to the intermediate filament (IF) protein, vimentin with antitumor and antiangiogenesis activity. Withaferin A is a steroidal lactone isolated from Withania somnifera.
S2653	9-amino-CPT (9-Aminocamptothecin)	9-amino-CPT (9-Aminocamptothecin, 9-AC, Aminocamptothecin, 9-amino-20(S)-camptothecin) is a Topoisomerase I inhibitor with potent anticancer activities. 9-amino-CPT (9-Aminocamptothecin) is an active, water-insoluble derivative of camptothecin.
S8620	6-Diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine	6-Diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine (Diazooxonorleucine, L-6-Diazo-5-oxonorleucine, DON), an antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces, is a glutaminase antagonist with IC50 of ~1 mM for cKGA (kidney-type glutaminase). 6-Diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine exhibits analgesic, antibacterial, antiviral and anticancer properties.
S2654	Neoruscogenin	Neoruscogenin, a natural sapogenin isolated from R. rhizoma, is a potent and high-affinity agonist of RAR-related orphan receptor alpha (RORα or nuclear receptor NR1F1).
S8970	HQNO	HQNO (2-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline-N-oxide) is a natural quinolone secreted by P. aeruginosa. HQNO is a potent inhibitor of the electron transport chain with Kd of 64 nM for the ubiquinol-ferricytochrome c oxidoreductase segment (Complex III) of the respiratory chain. HQNO is also an inhibitor of bacterial and mitochondrialType II NADH : quinone oxidoreductase (NDH-2) with IC50 of 7.3 μM in the presence of 50μM menadione.
S7895	Thapsigargin	Thapsigargin is a potent, non-competitive inhibitor of the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca²⁺ ATPase (SERCA) with IC50 of 0.353 nM or 0.448 nM for the carbachol-evoked [Ca2+]i-transients with or without a KCl-prestimulation. Thapsigargin induces cell apoptosis. Thapsigargin is extracted from a plant, Thapsia garganica.
S7905	3',3'-cGAMP	3',3'-cGAMP (3',3'-cyclic GMP-AMP, Cyclic GMP-AMP, cGAMP) activates the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident receptor stimulator of interferon genes (STING), thereby inducing an antiviral state and the secretion of type I IFNs.
S7821	Bufalin	Bufalin (BF) is a potent inhibitor of steroid receptor coactivator SRC-3, SRC-1 and Na+/K+-ATPase. Bufalin binds to the subunit α1, α2 and α3 of Na+/K+-ATPase with Kd of 42.5 nM, 45 nM and 40 nM, respectively. Bufalin is a major digoxin-like immunoreactive component isolated from the Chinese medicine Chan Su with anti-cancer activity.
S7862	Rottlerin	Rottlerin (Mallotoxin, NSC 56346, NSC 94525), a natural compound purified from Mallotus Philippinensis, is a specific Protein kinase inhibitor with IC50 of 3 μM, 6 μM and 5.3 μM for PKCδ(from baculovirus-infected Sf9 insect cells), PKCδ(from porcine spleen) and CaM kinase III, respectively. Rottlerin also inhibits PKCα, PKCγ, PKCβ, PKCη, CKII and PKA with IC50 of 30 μM, 40 μM, 42 μM, 82 μM, 30 μM and 78 μM, respectively.
S2447	Ansamitocin p-3 (Maytansinol isobutyrate, NSC292222)	Ansamitocin p-3 (Maytansinol isobutyrate, NSC292222, Antibiotic C 15003P3) is a potent inhibitor of tubulin polymerization with IC50 of 3.4 μM.
S6790	Ellipticine hydrochloride	Ellipticine Hydrochloride (NSC 71795, PZE) is a potent inhibitor of DNA topoisomerase II and forms covalent DNA adducts mediated by its oxidation with cytochromes P450 (CYP) and peroxidases. Ellipticine Hydrochloride is a natural product isolated from the Australian evergreen tree of the Apocynaceae family with antineoplastic activity.
S8964	Actinomycin D (Dactinomycin)	Actinomycin D (Dactinomycin, Act D, RASP-101) is a significant polypeptide antibiotic isolated from soil bacteria of the genus Streptomyces. Actinomycin D (Dactinomycin) inhibits DNA repair and rests the cell cycle at G1 phase with IC50 of 0.42 μM and 0.4 nM, respectively. Actinomycin D is an autophagy activator, induces p53-independent cell death and prolongs survival in high-risk chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
S2288	Rubitecan	Rubitecan (9-NC, 9-Nitro-camptothecin, Partaject Orathecin, Partaject rubitecan, RFS 2000) is a topoisomerase I inhibitor extracted from the bark and leaves of the Camptotheca acuminata tree, which is native to China. Rubitecan is an oral camptothecin with antitumour activity.
S2009	Indirubin-3'-monoxime	Indirubin-3'-monoxime (Indirubin-3'-oxime) is a selective CDK inhibitor with IC50 of 0.18 μM, 0.44 μM, 0.25 μM, 3.33 μM, 0.065 μM for CDK1-cyclinB, CDK2-cyclinA, CDK2-cyclinE, CDK4-cyclinD1, CDK5-p35,respectively. Indirubin-3'-monoxime is a direct and selective 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor with IC50 of 7.8-10 µM.
S1031	3-Hydroxybutyric acid	3-Hydroxybutyric acid (3-hydroxybutanoic acid, β-Hydroxybutyric acid, BHB) is a small molecule metabolite that is elevated in type I diabetes.
S2342	Phloretin (RJC 02792)	Phloretin (RJC 02792, NSC 407292, Dihydronaringenin) is a dihydrochalcone found in apple tree leaves, which shows beneficial effects on diabetes.
S9440	Naringenin chalcone	Naringenin chalcone (Chalconaringenin, Isosalipurpol, trans-2'4'6'4-tetrahydroxychalcone) is the main active component of tomato skin extract, has been proposed as an antioxidant, an anti-inflammatory, and a regulator of fat and sex hormone metabolism.
S2325	Morin Hydrate	Morin hydrate (Aurantica) is a flavonoid isolated from Maclura pomifera (Osage orange), Maclura tinctoria (old fustic) and from leaves of Psidium guajava (common guava).
S6670	GPNA (L-γ-Glutamyl-p-nitroanilide)	GPNA (L-γ-Glutamyl-p-nitroanilide) is a potent and selective inhibitor of the glutamine (Gln) transporter ASCT2(SLC1A5) with Ki of 55 µM.
S2210	Sphingosine	Sphingosine (2-amino-4-trans-octadecene-1,3-diol, C18 Sphingosine) is an 18-carbon amino alcohol with an unsaturated hydrocarbon chain, which forms a primary part of sphingolipids, a class of cell membrane lipids that include sphingomyelin, an important phospholipid.
S6674	Cytosporone B	Cytosporone B is a naturally occurring agonist for nuclear orphan receptor Nur77(NR4A1) with an EC50 of 0.278 nM.
S6474	3,5-diiodo-L-thyronine (3,5-T2)	3,5-diiodo-L-thyronine (3,5-T2, NSC 90469) is an endogenous metabolite of thyroid hormones. 3,5-Diiodo-l-thyronine has been proposed as a potential hypolipidemic agent for treatment of obesity and hepatic steatosis.
S9218	Phytolaccagenin	Phytolaccagenin, a triterpenoid saponin, is the active component of Radix Phtolaccae.
S6653	Nigericin (NSC 292567) sodium salt	Nigericin (NSC 292567) sodium salt is an antibiotic derived from Streptomyces hygroscopicus that works by acting as an H⁺, K⁺, and Pb²⁺ ionophore.Nigericin can activate NLRP3 inflammasome to induce pro-inflammatory and immunostimulatory processes.
S3911	Veratramine	Veratramine (NSC 17821, NSC 23880), a major alkaloid from Veratrum nigrum L., has distinct anti-tumor and anti-hypertension effects. It is a good membrane permeant, undergoes rapid passive diffusion, and has a good stability in the gastrointestinal tract during its absorption.
S9403	Ecliptasaponin A	Ecliptasaponin A, a natural triterpenoid glucoside, has protective effects against the pulmonary fibrosis induced by bleomycin via reducing the oxidative stress, lung tissue inflammation, and the subsequent epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
S3928	Baccatin Ⅲ	Baccatin Ⅲ is a polycyclic diterpene which can be used for the semi-synthesis of paclitaxel and analogs. It exhibits immunomodulatory and anticancer chemotherapeutic activities.
S4938	Cedrol	Cedrol, a natural occuring sesquiterpene alcohol, is a potent competitive inhibitor of CYP2B6-mediated bupropion hydroxylase with inhibition constant (Ki) value of 0.9 μM. It also inhibits CYP3A4-mediated midazolam hydroxylation with a Ki value of 3.4 μM while only weakly inhibits CYP2C8, CYP2C9, and CYP2C19 activities.
S3942	Cardamonin	Cardamonin (Alpinetin chalcone), isolated from the fruits of Alpinia species, is a chalconoid with anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor activity. It has been shown to be a novel antagonist of hTRPA1 cation channel with IC50 of 454 nM while does not interact with TRPV1 nor TRPV4 channel.
S3756	Methyl salicylate	Methyl salicylate (Betula oil, Gaultheria oil, Methyl 2-hydroxybenzoate, Natural wintergreen oil) is an organic ester naturally produced by many species of plants, particularly wintergreens. It is an agonist for TRPA1 and TRPV1.
S3763	Cinnamaldehyde	Cinnamaldehyde is a flavonoid that is naturally synthesized by the shikimate pathway. Its supplementation can improve glucose and lipid homeostasis in diabetic animals; a TRPA1 agonist.
S3605	Borneol	Borneol is a bicyclic monoterpenoid compound extracted from medicinal plants such as Blumea balsamifera, and Dryobalanops aromatica. It is a TRPM8 agonist that increases ocular surface wetness.
S4787	Methyl syringate	Methyl syringate (Syringic Acid Methyl Ester), a plant phenolic compound, is a specific and selective TRPA1 agonist.
S3867	(E)-Cardamonin	(E)-Cardamonin (Alpinetin chalcone, cardamomin) is a naturally occurring chalcone with strong anti-inflammatory activity. It is a novel TRPA1 antagonist with IC50 of 454 nM and also a NF-kB inhibitor.
S4714	(-)-Menthol	(-)-Menthol (L-Menthol, Levomenthol, Menthomenthol, Menthacamphor) is a levo isomer of menthol and used as a cooling agent that strongly activates TRPM8.
S2332	Neohesperidin	Neohesperidin (NSC 31048), a flavanone glycoside found in citrus fruits, is an antioxidant agent.
S5755	Methyl Eugenol	Methyl eugenol (4-allylveratrole, eugenyl methyl ether, O-methyleugenol), as a constituent in leaves, fruits, stems, and/or roots, is used as a flavoring agent, as a fragrance and as an anesthetic in rodents.
S2935	Nicotinamide Riboside Chloride	Nicotinamide Riboside Chloride is the chloride salt form of nicotinamide riboside(NR).NR is a new form pyridine-nucleoside of vitamin B3 that functions as a precursor to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NAD) or NAD⁺ . Nicotinamide riboside chloride is a crystal form of Nicotinamide riboside (NR) chloride. Nicotinamide riboside chloride increases NAD[+] levels and activates SIRT1 and SIRT3, culminating in enhanced oxidative metabolism and protection against high fat diet-induced metabolic abnormalities. Nicotinamide riboside chloride is used in dietary supplements.
S3607	Sarsasapogenin	Sarsasapogenin (SAR, Parigenin) is a steroidal sapogenin. It can provoke the generation of reactive oxygen species and activate unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling pathways. SAR potently inhibits NF-κB and MAPK activation, as well as IRAK1, TAK1, and IκBα phosphorylation in LPS-stimulated macrophages.
S2425	Apocynin (NSC 2146)	Apocynin (NSC 2146, Acetovanillone, NSC 209524) is a selective NADPH-oxidase inhibitor with IC50 of 10 μM.
S9332	(+)-Dipentene	(+)-Dipentene, occurring commonly in nature as the fragrance of oranges, is a flavoring agent in food manufacturing.
S5578	Cadaverine	Cadaverine is a foul-smelling diamine formed by bacterial decarboxylation of lysine that occurs during protein hydrolysis during putrefaction of animal tissue.
S5140	Cinene	Cinene (Limonene, Dipentene) is a clear, colorless liquid hydrocarbon classified as a cyclic monoterpene, and is the major component in oil of citrus fruit peels. It is usually used to make fragrances and flavors.
S5408	Isoprene	Isoprene, also called 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene, is usually used as a chemical raw materia.
S6206	1-Butanol	1-Butanol occurs naturally as a minor product of the fermentation of sugars and other carbohydrates, and is present in many foods and beverages.
S6019	2-Phenylphenol	2-Phenylphenol, found in lemon, is an antifungal agent and preservative used in food seasonings.
S5429	Diallyl sulfide	Diallyl sulfide, a thioether found naturally in garlic, is a selective inhibitor and also a substrate of CYP2E1 with an IC50 of 17.3 μM. It has protective effects against alcohol- and acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in many studies.
S6751	Brevianamide F	Brevianamide F, belonging to a class of naturally occurring 2,5-diketopiperazines, is the simplest member and the biosynthetic precursor of a large family of biologically active prenylated tryptophan-proline 2,5-diketopiperazines that are produced by the fungi A.fumigates and Aspergillus sp..
S6359	Purine	Purine is a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound which plays crucial roles in DNA and RNA. It is also significant components in a number of other important biomolecules, such as ATP, GTP, cyclic AMP, NADH, and coenzyme A.
S2353	Sapogenins Glycosides	Sapogenins glycosides (Saponins) are a mixture of triterpene and steroid saponins isolated from medicinal plants such as Aesculus hippocastanum L., Hedera helix L. and Ruscus aculeatus L., which are claimed to be effective for the treatment/prevention of venous insufficiency.
S3627	Tryptamine	Tryptamine is a monoamine alkaloid and may play a role as a neuromodulator or neurotransmitter. It is an agonist of hTAAR1. It acts as a non-selective serotonin receptor agonist and serotonin-norepinephrine-dopamine releasing agent (SNDRA).
S5153	Tetrahydroberberine	Tetrahydroberberine (Canadine) is an isoquinoline alkaloid with micromolar affinity for dopamine D2 (antagonist, pKi = 6.08) and 5-HT1A (agonist, pKi = 5.38) receptors but moderate to no affinity for other relevant serotonin receptors.
S3823	Schizandrol A	Schizandrol A is one of the effective components in the dried fruit of Schizandra chinensis Bail and works by increasing dopamine, a neurotransmitter, in the brain.
S5642	Homovanillic acid	Homovanillic acid (Vanillacetic acid) is a major catecholamine metabolite that is used as a reagent to detect oxidative enzymes, and is associated with dopamine levels in the brain.
S9087	Tenuifolin	Tenuifolin, a secondary saponin isolated from hydrolysates of polygalasaponins, inhibits beta-amyloid synthesis in vitro and has nootropic activity in vivo via acetylcholine esterase inhibition and increases norepinephrine and dopamine production.
S2367	Tetrahydropapaverine HCl	Tetrahydropapaverine (Norlaudanosine), one of the TIQs and an analogue of salsolinol and tetrahydropapaveroline, has been reported to have neurotoxic effects on dopamine neurons.
S3937	Pterostilbene	Pterostilbene is a natural dietary compound and the primary antioxidant component of blueberries. It has been implicated in anticarcinogenesis, modulation of neurological disease, anti-inflammation, attenuation of vascular disease, and amelioration of diabetes.
S6428	Wilforlide A	Wilforlide A is an active compound in Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F (TW) which is a traditional Chinese medicine for treatment of autoimmune diseases.
S5850	Vasicine	Vasicine, an alkaloid isolated from A. vasica, is a potential natural cholinesterase inhibitor, exhibits promising anticholinesterase activity in preclinical models and has been in development for treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.
S7956	Brusatol	Brusatol (NSC 172924), isolated from the fruit of B. javanica, is a NRF2 inhibitor.
S3781	Ginkgolide C	Ginkgolide C (BN-52022), isolated from Ginkgo biloba leaves, is a flavone reported to have multiple biological functions, from decreased platelet aggregation to ameliorating Alzheimer disease. It is an activator of MMP-9.
S9513	Senkyunolide A	Senkyunolide A is one of the major bioactive ingredients in Rhizoma Chuanxiong, a Chinese medicinal herb commonly used for the treatment of cardiovascular ailments.
S6049	(+)-(S)-Carvone	(+)-(S)-Carvone, a monoterpene found mainly in caraway and dill seed oils, is used in cosmetic, food and pharmaceutical preparations.
S6700	Castor oil	Castor oil is a popular natural treatment for various common conditions and often used in natural beauty products.
S3830	Protodioscin	Protodioscin (Furostanol I), a steroidal saponin compound found in a number of plant species, is able to stimulate testosterone production and it also has an androgen-mimetic action, binding and activating the testosterone receptors.
S8870	Epibrassinolide	Epibrassinolide is a brassinosteroid isolated from various plants and has been shown to decrease toxicity and stimulate healthy plant growth in plants under stress.
S6701	Corn Oil	Corn oil is a refined vegetable oil, and is used as delivery vehicle for fat-soluble compounds.
S9326	Scopolamine	Scopolamine (Skopolamin) is a tropane alkaloid derived from plants of the nightshade family, specifically Hyoscyamus niger and Atropa belladonna, with anticholinergic, antiemetic and antivertigo properties.
S3860	Allicin	Allicin (Diallyl Thiosulfinate), the main biologically active component of the freshly crushed garlic extracts, possesses various biological activities including antibacterial, antifungal and antiparasitic effects.
S6493	n-Butylidenephthalide	n-Butylidenephthalide ((Z)-Butylidenephthalide, 3-Butylidenephthalide, Butylidenephthalide), isolated from the chloroform extract of Angelica sinensis (AS-C), contributes to a range of biological activities, including diminution of angina, platelet aggregation, proliferation, non-specific spasmosis.
S6601	(±)-Equol	(±)-Equol, an isoflavandiol estrogen, is a metabolite of the soy isoflavones, daidzin and daidzein.
S3687	Urea	Urea (Carbonyldiamide, Ureophil) is a highly soluble organic compound formed in the liver from ammonia produced by the deamination of amino acids. It is the principal end product of protein catabolism and constitutes about one half of the total urinary solids.
S3839	1-Deoxynojirimycin	1-Deoxynojirimycin (duvoglustat, moranolin) is a potent α-glucosidase inhibitor and most commonly found in mulberry leaves. It has therapeutic potency against diabetes mellitus.
S3190	N6-methyladenosine (m6A)	N6-methyladenosine (m6A, NSC-29409, 6-Methyladenosine, N-Methyladenosine) is a base modified analog of adenosine and is found as a minor nucleoside in natural RNAs.
S2370	Ursolic Acid	Ursolic acid (NSC 167406, NSC-4060, Prunol, Urson, Malol) is a pentacyclic triterpene acid, used in cosmetics.
S6426	Hesperidin methylchalcone	Hesperidin methylchalcone is the Citrus original products with powerful antioxidant activity.
S3821	Nuciferine	Nuciferine (Sanjoinine E, (-)-Nuciferine, VLT 049) is a major active aporphine alkaloid from the leaves of N. nucifera Gaertn and possesses anti-hyperlipidemia, anti-hypotensive, anti-arrhythmic, and insulin secretagogue activities.
S9227	Sinensetin	Sinensetin (Pedalitin Permethyl ether), a natural polymethoxylated flavone, has potent antiangiogenesis activity.
S3973	L-SelenoMethionine	L-SelenoMethionine (SeMet), a naturally occurring amino acid, is a major food-form of selenium. It has been used as a supplement, and exhibits some important functions like cancer prevention and antioxidative defense.
S2324	Sodium Monensin (NSC 343257)	Sodium Monensin (NSC 343257), isolated from Streptomyces cinnamonensis, is a well-known representative of naturally polyether ionophore antibiotics.
S2348	Rotenone (Barbasco)	Rotenone (Barbasco, Dactinol, Paraderil, Rotenon, Rotocide) is a botanical insecticide that is an inhibitor of mitochondrial electron transport. Rotenone inhibits NADH/DB oxidoreductase and NADH oxidase with IC50 of 28.8 nM and 5.1 nM, respectively. Rotenone induces apoptosis through enhancing mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production.
S2265	Artesunate (WR-256283)	Artesunate (WR-256283) is a part of the artemisinin group of agents with an IC50 of < 5 μM for small cell lung carcinoma cell line H69. It is a potential inhibitor of STAT-3 and exhibits selective cytotoxicity of cancer cells over normal cells in vitro; A potent inhibitor of EXP1.
S6176	Scyllo-Inositol	Scyllo-Inositol (Scyllitol, Cocositol, Quercinitol, AZD 103, Scyllo-Cyclohexanehexol) is a naturally occurring plant sugar alcohol found most abundantly in the coconut palm.
S6292	(S)-2-Hydroxysuccinic acid	(S)-2-Hydroxysuccinic acid (L-Malic acid), is a naturally occurring isomer of malic acid, found mainly in sour and unripe fruits.
S6346	L-(+)-Arabinose	L-(+)-Arabinose (DL-Arabinose, Pectinose) is used as a substrate to identify, differentiate and characterize pentose sugar isomerase(s).
S6061	DL-m-Tyrosine	DL-m-Tyrosine is a potent, structurally unusual broad-spectrum phytotoxin exuded by the roots of some fine leaf fescue grasses.
S6163	Traumatic acid	Traumatic acid (Trans-2-dodecenedioic acid) is a plant hormone that was first isolated from damaged green beans. It is a potent wound healing agent and an intermediate in prostaglandin synthesis.
S6264	Rutin hydrate	Rutin (Quercetin-3-O-rutinoside, Rutoside, Sophorin) is a glycoside found in a wide variety of plants including citrus fruit.
S6112	Oxalacetic acid	Oxalacetic acid (Oxaloacetic acid, 2-Oxosuccinic acid, Ketosuccinic acid) is an intermediate of the citric acid cycle, where it reacts with acetyl-CoA to form citrate, catalysed by citrate synthase. It is also involved in gluconeogenesis, urea cycle, glyoxylate cycle, amino acid synthesis, and fatty acid synthesis. Oxaloacetate is also a potent inhibitor of Complex II.
S6221	Methyl cinnamate	Methyl cinnamate, an active component of Zanthoxylum armatum, is a widely used natural flavor compound with antimicrobial and tyrosinase inhibitor activities. Methyl Cinnamate Inhibits Adipocyte Differentiation via Activation of the CaMKK2--AMPK Pathway in 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes.
S6008	p-Hydroxybenzaldehyde	p-Hydroxybenzaldehyde (4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde, 4-Formylphenol, p-Formylphenol), which can be found in the orchids Gastrodia elata, Galeola faberi and vanilla, is a hydroxybenzaldehyde that reacts with NAD+ and H2O to produce 4-hydroxybenzoate, NADH, and 2 protons.
S6011	Acetamide	Acetamide (ethanamide, Acetic acid amide) is an organic compound that can be used as a plasticizer and an industrial solvent.
S6018	2,3,4-Trihydroxybenzoic acid	2,3,4-Trihydroxybenzoic acid is a phenol constituent of Pachysandra terminalis with antioxidant activity.
S6043	3-Indoleacetonitrile	3-Indoleacetonitrile, a plant growth hormone, is a light-induced auxin-inhibitory substance that is isolated from light-grown cabbage (Brassica olearea L.) shoots.
S6045	L-Arabinitol	L-Arabinitol is a member of the class of compounds known as sugar alcohols that exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. It can be found in a number of food items such as sweet potato, deerberry, moth bean, and European chestnut, which makes L-arabitol a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.
S6047	Lactose	Lactose is a disaccharide naturally found in milk and dairy.
S6071	3,5-Dimethoxyphenol	3,5-Dimethoxyphenol (Phloroglucinol dimethyl ether) is a toxin metabolite that can be found in human consuming yew (Taxus baccata) leaves.
S6076	Phenylacetylglutamine	Phenylacetylglutamine is a product formed by the conjugation of phenylacetate and glutamine. It is a normal constituent of human urine, but other mammals such as the dog, cat, rat, monkey, sheep, and horse do not excrete this compound.
S9564	p-Hydroxy-cinnamic Acid	p-Hydroxy-cinnamic Acid has in vitro antimalarial activity and in vivo anti-osteoporotic properties.
S2254	4-Demethylepipodophyllotoxin(NSC-122819,VM-26)	4-Demethylepipodophyllotoxin (NSC-122819, VM-26, DMEP) is an antimitotic agent which binds to monomeric tubulin, preventing micro-tubule polymerization. It is a potent inhibitor of microtubule assembly.
S2442	Inosine	Inosine (NSC 20262, INO 495) is a nucleoside that is formed when hypoxanthine is attached to a ribose ring via a β-N9-glycosidic bond.
S2280	Chlorogenic Acid	Chlorogenic acid (NSC 407296, Heriguard) is a hydroxycinnamic acid and a member of a family of naturally occurring organic compounds.
S6250	L-Lactic acid	L-Lactic acid is a natural product that is used as a food additive.
S6275	(−)-β-Pinene	(−)-β-Pinene (Nopinene) is a natural organic compound in various plants. It is lethal to S. littoralis third instar larvae (LD50 = 65 μg/larva), inhibits infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) replication (IC50 = 1.32 mM) and exhibits a cytotoxic concentration (CC50) value of greater than 10 mM in Vero cells.
S6287	3-Methylbutanoic acid	3-Methylbutanoic acid (Isovaleric acid, Delphinic acid, 3-Methylbutyric acid, Isopentanoic acid, β-methylbutyric acid) is a natural fatty acid found in a wide variety of plants and essential oils. It has a strong pungent cheesy or sweaty smell, but its volatile esters have pleasing scents and are used widely in perfumery.
S6296	Octanoic acid	Octanoic acid (caprylic acid) is found naturally in the milk of various mammals, and as a minor constituent of coconut oil and palm kernel oil. It is used in the production of esters used in perfumery and also in the manufacture of dyes.
S6303	trans-2-Hexenal	Trans-2-hexenal (Leaf aldehyde) is an α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compound protecting plants against harmful substances.
S5887	Khellin	Khellin (Methafrone, Visammin, Ammivisnagen, Khellinorm, Medekellin, Viscardan, Kalangin), a compound isolated from the seeds of Ammi Visnaga Lam (Umbelliferae), is used to treat a variety of maladies.
S2331	Neohesperidin Dihydrochalcone (Nhdc)	Neohesperidin dihydrochalcone(Nhdc, NCI-c60764), sometimes abbreviated to neohesperidin DC or simply NHDC, is an artificial sweetener derived from citrus.
S9432	Ginkgolic Acid	Ginkgolic acid, toxic phenolic compounds present in the fruits and leaves of Ginkgo biloba L., is a potent sumoylation inhibitor also reported to inhibit histone acetylation transferase (HAT).
S9445	Ginkgolic Acid (C13:0)	Ginkgolic Acid (C13:0) is a natural anticariogenic agent in Ginkgo biloba L. that exhibits antimicrobial activity against S. mutans and suppresses the specific virulence factors associated with its cariogenicity. Ginkgolic acid is a potent sumoylation inhibitor and reported to inhibit histone acetylation transferase (HAT).
S2360	Solanesol (Nonaisoprenol)	Solanesol (Nonaisoprenol, Betulanonaprenol) is a long-chain polyisoprenoid alcohol compound with inhibitory activities toward FAK. It mainly accumulates in solanaceous crops, including tobacco, tomato, potato, eggplant, and pepper plants.
S2369	Troxerutin	Troxerutin, a natural bioflavonoid isolated from Sophora japonica., has been reported to have many benefits and medicinal properties.
S5934	(-)-Fenchone	Fenchone is a constituent of absinthe and the essential oil of fennel. It is used as a flavor in foods and in perfumery.
S6055	(S)-(−)-Limonene	(S)-(−)-Limonene, a fragrance monoterpene mainly found in citrus peel oil, is also naturally occurs in the essential oils of herbs, tea tree oil, and turpentine oil.
S6058	β-Caryophyllene	β-Caryophyllene is a natural bicyclic sesquiterpene that is a constituent of many essential oils. It acts as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, a fragrance and a metabolite.
S6059	cis-3-Hexen-1-ol	cis-3-Hexen-1-ol (Leaf alcohol) is a very important aroma compound that is used in fruit and vegetable flavors and in perfumes and acts as an attractant to many predatory insects.
S6118	Terpinen-4-ol	Terpinen-4-ol, a naturally occurring monoterpene, is the main bioactive component of tea-tree oil and has been shown to have many biological activities such as antifungal properties.
S6150	Farnesyl Acetate (mixture of isomers)	Farnesyl Acetate is a flavouring compound identified in foods such as blueberries.
S6162	2-Octenoic acid	2-Octenoic acid (2-Octenoate) is a normal organic acid produced by hepatic microsomal oxidation of aliphatic aldehydes and is a metabolite naturally found in the urine and plasma.
S6164	(-)-Citronellal	(-)-Citronellal, a constituent of citronella oil, is used in the synthesis of bioactive compounds.
S6185	Arachidonic acid	Arachidonic acid (Arachidonate) is an unsaturated, essential fatty acid found in animal and human fat as well as in the liver, brain, and glandular organs. It is a precursor in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes.
S6208	Diethyl malonate	Diethyl malonate, naturally occuring in grapes and strawberries, is used in the synthesis of chemicals.
S9476	Dendrobine	Dendrobine, a plant alkaloid isolated from Dendrobium nobile, has been used for the quality control and discrimination of Dendrobium.
S9551	Uvaol	Uvaol is a pentacyclic triterpene, found in the non-glyceride fraction of olive pomace oil, exhibiting both pro- and anti-inflammatory properties.
S4792	N-Acetylneuraminic acid	N-Acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac, NeuAc, Acido aceneuramico, Acide aceneuramique, Acidium aceneuramicum, Sialic acid, NANA) is the predominant sialic acid found in mammalian cells. Sialic acids are negatively charged monosaccharides attached to the end of sugar chains, giving rise to a wide variety of glycoproteins and glycolipids in biological fluids and cell membranes.
S5526	β-Alanine	β-Alanine (beta-Alanine, 3-Aminopropanoic acid) is a naturally occurring beta amino acid formed in vivo by the degradation of dihydrouracil and carnosine. It acts as a neurotransmitter by activating glycine and GABA receptors.
S4676	Gluconolactone	Gluconolactone is a naturally occurring polyhydroxy acid with metal chelating, moisturizing and antioxidant activity.
S5851	4'-Methoxychalcone	4'-Methoxychalcone, found in citrus, is chalcone derivative that has shown diverse pharmacological properties, including anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory activities.
S9481	Blinin	Blinin, isolated from the whole plant of Conyza blinii, is used in folk medicine in the south-west of China.
S9557	Isobergapten	Isobergapten is a furanocoumarin with plant growth regulating activity.
S9560	Anisodamine Hydrobromide	Anisodamine (6-Hydroxyhyoscyamine) is a naturally occurring atropine derivative and exhibits anti-inflammatory activity. It also inhibits α1-adrenergic receptors and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs).
S5865	Hyaluronic acid	Hyaluronic acid (HA, Hyaluronan, Hyaluronate) is an anionic, nonsulfated glycosaminoglycan distributed widely throughout connective, epithelial, and neural tissues. It is widely used in skin care.
S9193	Aristolochic acid A	Aristolochic acid A (Aristolochic Acid I, Aristolochin, Aristolochine, TR 1736) is a carcinogenic, mutagenic, and nephrotoxic agent extracted from the flowering plant family Aristolochiaceae.Aristolochic acid A significantly reduces both activator protein 1 (AP-1) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activities.
S9563	Evodine	Evodine, a natural product extracted from Evodiae fructus (EF), is a biomarker for quality assessment of EF in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Evodine is a potent P-gp inhibitor.
S9554	Bakkenolide A	Bakkenolide A (Fukinanolid), extracted from Petasites tricholobus, has been suggested to against cancer and display protective effects on inflammatory cytokines formation.
S9552	Farrerol	Farrerol, an important bioactive constituent of rhododendron, exhibits broad activities such as anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects.
S9487	Praeruptorin C	Praeruptorin C is a natural compound derived from the dried roots of Peucedanum praeruptorum and has beneficial effects in suppressing osteoclast formation and resorption function. It is frequently utilized in traditional Chinese medicine for treating upper respiratory infections and as an antipyretic, antitussive, and mucolytic agent.
S9484	Darutoside	Darutoside, derived from botanical extracts, has a powerful regenerating action via decreasing inflammation and restoring collagen.
S9480	Raspberry Ketone	Raspberry ketone (p-Hydroxybenzyl acetone, Frambinone, Oxyphenylon, Rheosmin, Rasketone) is a natural phenolic compound that is the primary aroma compound of red raspberries.
S9473	Nuzhenide	Nuzhenide (Specnuezhenide), a major component of olive seeds, is a member of the class of compounds known as saccharolipids. It has strong antioxidant activity.
S9474	Acetylharpagide	Acetylharpagide is a monomeric compound extracted from Ajuga decumbens, widely used for remedying infectious and inflammatory diseases.
S5846	Apocarotenal	Apocarotenal is a carotenoid found in spinach and citrus fruits and plays a role as a precursor of vitamin A.
S9475	Hupehenine	Hupehenine is a steriodal alkaloid extracted from the bulbs of Fritillaria Hupehensis, with the potential for inhibiting acetylcholine, antagonism for muscarinic receptors and cholinesterase inhibition.
S9479	Complanatoside A	Complanatoside A is a flavonol glycoside isolated from Astragalus complanatus and is used as a quality control index for A. complanatus in the 2010 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia.
S9488	Praeruptorin D	Praeruptorin D, a major pyranocoumarin isolated from Radix Peucedani, exhibits antitumor and anti-inflammatory activities.
S9491	(+)-Guaiacin	(+)-Guaiacin, found in herbs and spices, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as aryltetralin lignans.
S9555	Vincristine	Vincristine (Leurocristine, NSC-67574, 22-Oxovincaleukoblastine) is a natural alkaloid isolated from the plant Vinca rosea Linn. with anti-tumor activity. Vincristine inhibits microtubule formation in mitotic spindle and binds to microtubule with Ki of 85 nM.
S9562	Pomolic acid	Pomolic acid is a pentacyclic triterpene isolated from Euscaphis japonica, and is highly effective in inhibiting cell growth and induces apoptosis.
S9192	Vitexin	Vitexin (Apigenin-8-C-glucoside), an naturally occuring apigenin flavone glycoside, acts as a platelet aggregation and alpha-glucosidase inhibitor and shows antineoplastic activity.
S3964	Mucic Acid	Mucic Acid (Schleimsaure, Saccharolactic acid, Tetrahydroxyadipic acid, D-Glucaric acid, Galactaric acid) is the dicarboxylic sugar acid resulting from oxidation glactose with dilute nitric acid. It is a substrate of galactarate O-hydroxycinnamoyltransferase.
S5928	Zerumbone	Zerumbone, derived from several plant species of the Zingiberaceae family, is a naturally occurring dietary compound and may have multiple biomedical properties, such as antiproliferative, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities.
S5794	Glycochenodeoxycholic acid	Glycochenodeoxycholic acid (Glycochenodeoxycholate, Chenodeoxycholylglycine, Glycine chenodeoxycholate) is a bile salt formed in the liver from chenodeoxycholate and glycine. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption. Glycochenodeoxycholic acid
S5820	L-Hydroxyproline	L-Hydroxyproline (trans-4-Hydroxy-L-proline) is a collagen-specific amino acid. It is used as a diagnostic marker of bone turnover and liver fibrosis.
S5824	Cinnamyl alcohol	Cinnamyl alcohol is a naturally occurring compound that is found within cinnamon.
S5821	Linoleic acid	Linoleic acid (9,12-octadecadienoic acid) is an essential fatty acid used in the biosynthesis of arachidonic acid and found in the lipids of cell membranes.
S5823	L-Pyroglutamic acid	L-pyroglutamic acid (L-pyroglutamate, 5-Oxoproline, pidolic acid) is a natural nutrient and amino acid derived from glutamic acid. It is a metabolite in the glutathione cycle that is converted to glutamate by 5-oxoprolinase.
S5828	L-Abrine	L-Abrine (N-Methyl-L-tryptophan), an extremely toxic toxalbumin found in the seeds of the rosary pea, is a ribosome inhibiting protein.
S9367	Adenosine disodium triphosphate	Adenosine disodium triphosphate (ATP disodium) is the sodium salt form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), a complex organic chemical that provides energy to drive many processes in living cells.
S5805	Allopregnanolone	Allopregnanolone, a neurosteroid synthesized from progesterone in brain, acts as a highly potent positive allosteric modulator of the GABAA receptor.
S5771	Sulforaphane	Sulforaphane is a naturally occurring isothiocyanate derived from the consumption of cruciferous vegetables, such as broccoli, cabbage, and kale. It is an inducer of Nrf2. Sulforaphane is also an inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC) and NF-κB. Sulforaphane increases heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and reduces the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Sulforaphane induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.
S9334	2-Pentylfuran	2-Pentylfuran (2-Amylfuran) is a naturally occuring flavouring ingredient.
S9383	Methyl palmitate	Methyl palmitate (Methyl hexadecanoate, Palmitic acid methyl ester), a kind of fatty acid methyl ester, could be found in many plants and possesses acaricidal activity.
S9453	2-Undecanol	2-Undecanol (Methyl nonyl carbinol, 2-Hydroxyundecane, 2-Hendecanol) is a fatty alcohol lipid molecule.
S9454	Undecanoic acid	Undecanoic acid (Undecylic acid) is a medium chain length monocarboxylic acid that appears to be involved in the control of triacylglycerol synthesis.
S9385	Ligustilide	Ligustilide is the most abundant bioactive ingredient in Rhizoma Chuanxiong, a Chinese medicinal herb commonly used for the treatment of cardiovascular ailments. Solutions are best fresh-prepared.
S9033	Incensole acetate	Incensole acetate, isolated from Boswellia Resin, is a novel anti-inflammatory compound that inhibits NF-κB activation.
S9043	6-Shogaol	6-Shogaol, a naturally occuring product found in ginger, has anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties.
S9071	Nootkatone	Nootkatone, a natural ingredient that occurs in grapefruit and certain other plants, has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
S9094	Pogostone	Pogostone is one of the secondary metabolites from Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth. (Lamiaceae), serving as the effective component of the antimicrobial activity.
S9118	Beta-Asarone	Beta-Asarone, found in certain plants such as Acorus and Asarum, could pass the blood-brain barrier and exerts neuroprotection effects.
S9140	Pulegone	Pulegone, a naturally occurring organic compound, is a fragrance and flavour ingredient.
S9142	Sparteine	Sparteine, which could be extracted from scotch broom, is a sodium channel blocker and a class 1a antiarrhythmic agent.
S9236	α-Cyperone	α-Cyperone (alpha-cyperone), a major active compound of Cyperus rotundus, exhibits biological activities, such as antivirulence, antigenotoxic, and antibacterial activities. α-Cyperone (alpha-cyperone) is associated with the down-regulation of COX-2, IL-6, Nck-2, Cdc42 and Rac1.
S9263	3-n-Butylphathlide	3-n-Butylphathlide, initially isolated from the seeds of Apium graveolens Linn., has shown significant neuroprotective effects.
S5370	10-Hydroxydecanoic acid	10-Hydroxydecanoic acid, a minor constituent of royal jelly, is a saturated fatty acid that has cytotoxic effects.
S9450	1-Undecanol	1-Undecanol (Undecyl alcohol, 1-Hendecanol), found naturally in many foods such as fruits (including apples and bananas), butter, eggs and cooked pork, is used as a flavoring ingredient.
S5761	Citric acid	Citric acid is a weak organic acid that occurs naturally in citrus fruits. It is an intermediate in the citric acid cycle.
S5763	D-Mannose	D-mannose is a naturally occurring simple sugar that may help your body cleanse the urinary tract and maintain a healthy bladder lining.
S5391	α-Boswellic acid	α-Boswellic acid is a naturally occuring triterpenoic acid.
S5757	Isoeugenol	Isoeugenol (4-Propenylguaiacol), an essential oil constituent of nutmeg, clove, and cinnamon, shows antimicrobial activity.
S5759	Methyl linoleate	Methyl linoleate (Linoleic acid methyl ester), found in cloves, is a fatty acid methyl ester of linoleic acid which is an essential fatty acid in mammalian nutrition and is used in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins and cell membranes.
S5756	Methyl Stearate	Methyl Stearate (Methyl Octadecanoate, Stearic Acid methyl ester), found in cloves, is an antifoaming agent and fermentation nutrient.
S5577	6-Biopterin	6-Biopterin ( L-Biopterin, L-Erythro-Biopterin) is a natural product that has been considered as a growth factor for some insects.
S5743	γ-Linolenic acid	γ-Linolenic Acid (18:3, n-6), the Δ6-desaturase product of linolenic acid, is an unsaturated fatty acid found primarily in vegetable oils.
S5600	Flavokawain A	Flavokawain A, extracted from kava, is an apoptotic inducers and anticarcinogenic agent. Flavokawain A can down-regulation of antiapoptotic proteins, such as XIAP, survivin, and Bcl-xL, thereby changing the balance between apoptotic and antiapoptotic molecules and then induce cell death in tumor cells.
S5732	Sebacic acid	Sebacic acid (1,8-Octanedicarboxylic acid) is a saturated, straight-chain naturally occurring dicarboxylic acid
S5733	Stearic acid	Stearic acid (Octadecanoic acid, Isostearic acid, Cetylacetic acid) is a natural saturated fatty acid found in animal and vegetable fats. It could be used as a food additive and used in soaps, cosmetics and detergents.
S9375	2'-Hydroxyacetophenone	2'-Hydroxyacetophenone is a flavouring ingredient.
S9379	Dihydrocoumarin	Dihydrocoumarin, a compound found in Melilotus officinalis (sweet clover) and Dipteryx odorata Willd (tonka beans), is added as a flavoring agent to a wide variety of foods, including soft drinks, yogurt, and muffins, and is used as a common fragrance in cosmetics, lotions, and soaps.
S9382	Thymine	Thymine (5-methyluracil) is one of the four nucleobases in the nucleic acid of DNA.
S9333	Gibberellins A4/A7	Gibberellins A4/A7 (Gibberellin A4 and A7) is the Gibberellin A4 Mixture With Gibberellin A7. Gibberellins A4/A7 promotes internode elongation & breaks certain dormancies in seeds. Gibberellins A4/A7 is an endogenous plant growth regulator, promotes the growth and elongation of cells.
S5691	Terpinyl Acetate	Terpinyl Acetate (alpha-Terpinyl), a naturally occuring compound found in several essential oils, is a flavouring agent.
S5616	4-Methylcatechol	4-Methylcatechol (P-Methylcatechol, 3,4-Dihydroxytoluene, Homocatechol) is an inducer of nerve growth factor. It is used to synthesize antimicrobial and antioxidant.
S9352	Homogentisic Acid	Homogentisic Acid (Melanic acid, 2,5-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid) is found in Arbutus unedo (strawberry-tree) honey or present in the bacterial plant pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli as well as in the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica.
S5684	Lapachol	Lapachol (Tecomin, CI75490, Bethabarra wood, Greenhartin), a natural compound isolated from the bark of the lapacho tree, shows both antimicrobial and antiviral activity.
S5640	Ethyl caffeate	Ethyl caffeate, a naturally occurring compound found in Bidens pilosa, suppresses NF-kappaB activation and its downstream inflammatory mediators, iNOS, COX-2 and PGE2 in vitro.
S5680	(-)-Verbenone	(-)-Verbenone (2-Pinen-4-one), an important component of the essential oil from rosemary, is an insect pheromone with a spicy odor and camphoraceous fragrance.
S5617	Myristic Acid	Myristic acid (Tetradecanoic acid) is a fatty acid that occurs naturally in some foods. Myristic acid inhibits the phosphorylation of poly E4Y by Src with an Ki of 35 μM.
S9046	Berberine	Berberine (Umbellatine), an alkaloid isolated from Rhizoma coptidis, has broad applications, particularly as an antibacterial agent in the clinic.
S9047	Leonurine Hydrochloride	Leonurine (SCM-198), a natural alkaloid extracted from Herba leonuri, is a promising anti-glycation agent with vasodilator, antioxidative, cardioprotective and neuroprotective effects.
S9037	Tenacissoside H	Tenacissoside H, a natural compound found in M. tenacissima, exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects.
S9027	Corynoxine	Corynoxine, a natural oxindole alkaloid, is a new autophagy enhancer.
S9041	Corosolic acid	Corosolic acid (Glucosol, Colosic acid, 2α-Hydroxyursolic acid) is one of the pentacyclic triterpenoids isolated from Lagerstroemia speciose and has been reported to exhibit anti-cancer and anti-proliferative activities in various cancer cells.
S9035	Isovitexin	Isovitexin (saponaretin, Apigenin-6-C-glucoside), an active component of many traditional Chinese medicines, has various activities, such as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-alzheimer disease (AD) effects and so on.
S9032	Sanguinarine	Sanguinarine (Pseudochelerythrine, Sanguinarin, Sanguinarium), a benzophenanthridine alkaloid known as an anti-inflammatory agent, is a potent inhibitor of NF-κB activation.
S9036	(20R)Ginsenoside Rh2	(20R)Ginsenoside Rh2, a natural compound found in Panax ginseng, shows antiviral and anticancer activities. It is a matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor.
S9024	3-O-Acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid (AKBA)	3-O-Acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid (AKBA), the major active ingredient of the gum resin from Boswellia serrata and Boswellia carteri Birdw., exerts anti-inflammatory therapeutic effects and noncompetitively inhibits 5-lipoxygenase, topoisomerase, and leukocyte elastase.
S9044	Ginsenoside F2	Ginsenoside F2, a ginsenoside found in Panax species, is an autophagic initiater with anti-cancer, and anti-obesity activities.
S9042	Wedelolactone	Wedelolactone, a medicinal plant-derived natural compound, is an inhibitor of IKK that is critical for activation of NF-κB by mediating phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα. Wedelolactone is also an inhibitor of caspase-11.
S9030	Tenacissoside I	Tenacissoside I is a natural compound found in M. tenacissima at relatively high level.
S5677	Xanthopterin Hydrate	Xanthopterin, isolated from butterfly wings and found in many other sources, replace folic acid in the nutrition of many animal species.
S9353	L-serine	L-serine, one of the so-called non-essential amino acids, plays a central role in cellular proliferation.
S9349	D-(+)-Raffinose pentahydrate	Raffinose is a trisaccharide composed of galactose, glucose, and fructose.
S9341	3,4-Dimethoxycinnamic acid	3,4-Dimethoxycinnamic acid (Caffeic acid dimethyl ether) is a bioavailable coffee component as a perspective anti-prion compound and bind potently to prion protein with a Kd of 405 nM.
S9344	DL-Methionine	DL-Methionine is an amino acid that has a role in the defence of oxidative stress.
S9004	Chondroitin 4-sulfate	Chondroitin 4-sulfate is an important structural component of cartilage and has been used as a dietary supplement to treat symptoms of joint discomfort.
S9373	Neryl acetate	Neryl acetate (Nerol, Acetic acid neryl ester, cis-Geranyl), a chemical compound found in citrus oils, is a flavouring agent.
S9339	S-(-)-Cotinine	S-(-)-Cotinine, a constituent of tobacco products and the major metabolite of nicotine, stimulates nicotinic receptors to evoke the release of DA in a calcium-dependent manner from superfused rat striatal slices.
S9372	Ethyl palmitate	Ethyl palmitate (Ethyl hexadecanoate, Palmitic acid ethyl ester) is a long-chain fatty acid ethyl ester that is used as a hair- and skin-conditioning agent.
S4937	4'-Hydroxychalcone	4'-Hydroxychalcone (P-Cinnamoylphenol), found in herbs and spices and tea, is a member of the class of compounds known as retrochalcones. It has diverse biological activities, inhibiting TNFα-induced NF-κB pathway activation in a dose-dependent manner and activating BMP signaling.
S3622	Diammonium Glycyrrhizinate	Diammonium glycyrrhizinate (DG), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), is extracted and purified from liquorices (Radix glycyrrhizae). It is known for its anti-inflammatory effects, resistance to biologic oxidation and membranous protection. DG is able to reduce inflammatory injury via suppression of NF‑κB, TNF‑α and intercellular adhesion molecule 1.
S3769	Palmatine	Palmatine (Berbericinine, Burasaine), an isoquinoline alkaloid, has sedative, antidepressant, antioxidative, anti-ulcerative, antacid, anticancer, and anti-metastatic activities.
S3788	Carvacrol	Carvacrol (Cymophenol), monoterpenic phenol isomeric with thymol, has diverse activities such as antimicrobial, antitumor, an-timutagenic, antigenotoxic, analgesic, antispasmodic, anti-inflammatory, angiogenic, antiparasitic, antiplatelet, AChE inhibitory, antielastase, insecticidal, antihepatotoxic and hepatoprotective activities.
S5176	Fructose	Fructose (D-(-)-Fructose, Fruit sugar, levulose, fructosteril, D-fructofuranose, D-arabino-hexulose) is a simple ketonic monosaccharide found in many plants.
S5178	4-Hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2H)furanone	4-Hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2H)furanone (furaneol, HDMF) is a naturally occurring substance found in a variety of fruits and has been shown to have antimicrobial activity.
S5592	Vitamin A	Vitamin A (Retinol) is a naturally occuring fat-soluble vitamin that is important for normal vision, the immune system, and reproduction. It also plays roles in normal functioning of heart, lungs, kidneys, and other organs.
S5591	Ectoine	Ectoine ( THP(B)) is a natural amino acid derivate with membrane stabilizing and inflammation reducing capacities. It is produced by bacteria living under extreme harsh environmental conditions where it serves as osmoregulatory compatible solute.
S4888	Guanine	Guanine is one of the four main nucleobases found in the nucleic acids DNA and RNA.
S5505	2’-deoxyuridine	2'-deoxyuridine (dU, 2'-dU) is frequently halogenated to create thymidine analogues useful for studies of DNA synthesis and degradation mechanisms.
S5503	O-Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride	O-Acetyl-L-carnitine (Acetyl-L-carnitine, O-acetyl-L-carnitine, O-Acetylcarnitine) can be synthesis or is naturally found in healthy humans. It could help transport fatty acids into the mitochondrial matrix where fatty acid metabolism occurs.
S9368	ADP	ADP (Adenosine diphosphate, adenosine pyrophosphate, Adenosine 5'-diphosphate) is an important organic compound in metabolism and is essential to the flow of energy in living cells.
S5550	Ethyl gallate	Ethyl gallat (Phyllemblin, gallic acid ethyl ester), which could be found naturally in a variety of plant sources, is a food additive with antimicrobial activity
S9390	Astragaloside II	Astragaloside II, extracted from Astragalus membranaceus, has been reported to promote tissue wound repair and could be a potential adjunctive agent in cancer chemotherapy, enhancement of osteogenesis, and modulation of T cell activation.
S9166	Griffonilide	Griffonilide is a natural product that has been reported to induce bone remodeling activity resulting in structural changes.
S9169	Polygalasaponin F	Polygalasaponin F, a triterpenoid saponin isolated from Polygala japonica, possesses anxiolytic and sedative-hypnotic activities, and has cognition improving and cerebral protective effects.
S9198	Obtusifolin	Obtusifolin is anthraquinone found in the seeds of Cassia obtusifolia, has inhibitory effects on platelet aggregation and aldose reductase.
S9220	Stylopine hydrochloride	Stylopine (Tetrahydrocoptisine, Coptisine), a major component of the leaf of Chelidonium majus L., is a protoberberine-type alkaloid that has potential biological activities, including anti-inflammatory activity.
S9241	Polygalaxanthone III	Polygalaxanthone III is a natural product with the efficacy of tranquilization, glaangal, eliminating sputum and detumescence. Polygalaxanthone III inhibits chlorzoxazone 6-hydroxylation catalyzed by CYP2E1 with an IC50 of 50.56 μM.
S9259	Lithospermic acid	Lithospermic acid, an active component isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza radix, is known to have multiple pharmacological actions such as antihypertensive and antioxidant effects.
S9262	Raddeanin A	Raddeanin A (Raddeanin R3, NSC382873), a triterpenoid saponin from Anemone raddeana Regel, displays moderate inhibitory activity against histone deacetylases (HDACs) and has high antiangiogenic potency, antitumor activity.
S9264	Decursin	Decursin (D), purified from Angelica gigas Nakai, shows potential anti-inflammatory activity and neuroprotective property.
S9306	Corynoxeine	Corynoxeine, which could be isolated from Uncaria rhynchophylla, is a useful and prospective compound in the prevention and treatment for vascular diseases. It is a potent ERK1/2 inhibitor of key PDGF-BB-induced VSMC proliferation.
S9310	Isorhychophylline	Isorhynchophylline (IsoRhy, 7-Isorhyncophylline) is a major tetracyclic oxindole alkaloid isolated from the Chinese herbal medicine Uncaria rhynchophylla (Miq.)Jacks (Gouteng in Chinese). It acts as a neuronal autophagy inducer with therapeutic potential for cardiovascular and central nervous system diseases.
S9414	Cyasterone	Cyasterone is the main phytoecdysteroid component found in Cyathula capitata. It is a natural EGFR inhibitor and maybe a promising anti-cancer agent.
S9448	D-(+)-Turanose	D(+)-Turanose is a naturally occuring compound. It is a reducing disaccharide.
S5745	Glyceryl 1,3-dipalmitate	Glyceryl 1,3-dipalmitate acts as a metabolite of saccharomyces cerevisiae, plant and human.
S9507	(−)-Norepinephrine	(−)-Norepinephrine (Arterenol, Levarterenol, L-Noradrenaline) is a natural neurotransmitter and hormone. It is an agonist of adrenergic receptors with Ki values of 330, 56, and 740 nM for α1, α2, and β1 adrenoceptors, respectively.
S9505	Oleanonic Acid	Oleanonic Acid (3-Ketooleanolic Acid, 3-Oxooleanolic acid), extracted from Pistacia terebinthus galls, is a cell cycle inhibitor and used as antitumor agents.
S5686	Tryptanthrin	Tryptanthrin is a natural alkaloidal compound having basic indoloquinazoline moiety. It has broad spectrum of biological activities including anticancer activity, anti-inflammatory, antiprotozoal, antiallergic, antioxidant, and antimicrobial.
S5690	Triacanthine	Triacanthine, which could be isolated from the leaves of G. triacanthos, shows hypertensive activity, also cardiotonic, antispasmodic and a respiratory analeptic.
S5554	Lanatoside C	Lanatoside C is a cardiac glycoside with antiviral and anti-tumor activity. Lanatoside C induces G2/M cell cycle arrest and induces autophagy and apoptosis via attenuating MAPK, Wnt, JAK-STAT, and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways.
S5312	Urolithin A	Urolithin A (3,8-Dihydroxy Urolithin, 2',7-Dihydroxy-3,4-benzocoumarin), a metabolite of ellagitannin, is a first-in-class natural compound that induces mitophagy both in vitro and in vivo following oral consumption.
S3817	Harmine hydrochloride	Harmine (Telepathine), a fluorescent harmala alkaloid belonging to the beta-carboline family of compounds, is a highly cell-permeant and competitive inhibitor of ATP binding to the kinase pocket of DYRK1A, with about 60-fold higher IC50 value for DYRK2. Harmine also inhibits monoamine oxidases (MAOs) and cdc-like kinases (CLKs). Harmine inhibits 5-HT2A serotonin receptor with Ki of 397 nM.
S5318	Acacetin	Acacetin (Linarigenin, 5,7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyflavone, 4'-Methoxyapigenin) is a flavonoid compound that has been shown to have anti-cancer, anti-mutagenic, anti-inflammatory and anti-peroxidative effects.
S9345	Disodium 5'-Inosinate	Disodium 5'-Inosinate, widely distributed in all animal and plant tissues, is used as a flavor enhancer.
S9059	4'-O-Glucosylvitexin	4'-O-Glucosylvitexin is a kind of flavonoid fraction from the leaves of Crataegus pinnatifida.
S9364	6-Hydroxycoumarin	6-Hydroxycoumarin demonstrates cytotoxic effect against the cancer cell lines.
S9365	Disodium uridine-5'-monophosphate	Disodium uridine-5'-monophosphate is a nucleotide that is a major component of ribonucleic acid.
S9366	5'-Adenylic acid	AMP, also known as 5'-Adenylic acid and Adenosine monophosphate, is a nucleotide that is found in RNA. It is used as a dietary supplement to boost immune activity, and is also used as a substitute sweetener to aid in the maintenance of a low-calorie diet.
S9369	Xanthosine	Xanthosine (Xanthine riboside) is an intermediate in purine metabolism, formed from IMP, and forming GMP.
S9370	Adenosine Cyclophosphate	Adenosine Cyclophosphate (Cyclic adenosine monophosphate, cAMP, cyclic AMP, 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate) is useful for improving myocardial hypoxia, dilating coronary artery and strengthening myocardiac contraction.
S9384	Sophocarpine Monohydrate	Sophocarpine, a naturally occurring tetracyclic quinolizidine alkaloid derived from Sophora alopecuroides L, has shown promising therapeutic properties, including anti-inflammatory, anti-nociceptive, and antivirus activities.
S9386	Polygalacic acid	Polygalacic acid is the triterpenoid tetrahydroxyacid isolated from Polygala paenea L.. Polygalacic acid (0-100 μM; 24 hours) significantly decreases the mRNAexpressions of MMP-3, MMP-9, MMP-13 and COX-2, which are significantly increased by IL-1β, in a dose-dependent manner.
S9387	Maackiain	Maackiain (Demethylpterocarpin) is a pterocarpan that is widely distributed in leguminous plants. It has anticancer and antimicrobial effects.
S9388	(+)-Praeruptorin A	Praeruptorin A is a coumarin compound naturally occurring in the roots of Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn., a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of certain respiratory diseases and hypertension. Praeruptorin A exerts anti-inflammatory effects in vitro through inhibition of NF-κB activation. (+)-Praeruptorin A is one of enantiomers.
S9389	Phorbol	Phorbol is a natural, plant-derived organic compound that exerts a broad range of biological activities.
S9401	3,6'-Disinapoyl sucrose	3,6'-Disinapoyl sucrose (Disinapoyl sucrose), an oligosaccharide ester natural product originating from the root of wild Polygala tenuifolia, has neuroprotective effects and antidepressive activity in rats.
S9400	Rhynchophylline	Rhynchophylline (Mitrinermine), an active component isolated from species of the genus Uncaria, acts as a calcium channel blocker and is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine mainly for treating ailments of central nervous and cardiovascular systems, such as lightheadedness, convulsions, numbness, and hypertension.
S9398	Crassicauline A	Crassicauline A, a diterpenoid alkaloid in Aconitum herbs, is an analgesic drug clinically used in China.
S9397	Alliin	Alliin (S-allyl cysteine sulfoxide, ACSO, 3-(Allylsulphinyl)-L-alanine) is a sulfoxide that is a natural constituent of fresh garlic.
S9396	Geraniin	Geraniin, a hydrolysable polyphenol derived from Nephelium lappaceum L. fruit rind, has been shown to possess significant antioxidant activity in vitro.
S9392	Praeruptorin B	Praeruptorin B is an important compound isolated from Bai-hua Qian-hu and has been reported to exert multiple biochemical and pharmacological activities.
S9402	(20R)-Protopanaxadiol	(20R)-Protopanaxadiol, isolated from the roots of Panax ginseng, has protective effect on myocardial ischemia.
S9404	Pristimerin	Pristimerin is a naturally occurring triterpenoid that has been shown to suppress the proliferation of various cancer cell lines at the concentration (IC50) range of 0.2-4 μM, including those of breast, glioma, prostate, pancreatic, ovarian, colon.
S9405	Sesamoside	Sesamoside, a main chemical ingredient iridoid glycoside from Lamiophlomic rotata, has analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects in animal studies.
S9406	Sauchinone	Sauchinone, one of the active lignan isolated from the roots of Saururus chinensis, possesses diverse pharmacological properties, such as hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects.
S9407	Angoroside C	Angoroside C, an important phenylpropanoid glycoside of the traditional Chinese medicine Scrophulariae Radix, possesses the effects of preventing ventricular remodeling, reducing pulmonary oedema, and reducing blood pressure, as well as having the properties of anti-platelet aggregation, hepatoprotection and anti-nephritis, etc.
S9408	Beta-Elemonic acid	Beta-Elemonic acid (3-Oxotirucallenoic Acid), a known triterpene isolated from Boswellia (Burseraceae), exhibits anti‑inflammatory effects.
S9409	Kavain	Kavain, the main kavalactone found mostly in the roots of the kava plant, has anticonvulsive properties, attenuating vascular smooth muscle contraction through interactions with voltage-dependent Na+ and Ca2+ channels.
S9410	Euphorbia factor L1	Euphorbia factor L1, a diterpenoid isolated from Euphorbia lathyris, inhibits osteoclastogenesis and induces osteoclast apoptosis.
S9411	Liensinine	Liensinine, an important functional compound in lotus seeds, has anti-cancer, anti-fibrosis, anti-proliferative, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities.
S9412	Flavokawain B	Flavokawain B is a natural chalcone first isolated from extracts of kava roots that induces apoptosis in cancer cells.
S9413	Yangonin	Yangonin (Y100550) is a dienolide kavalactone originally found in Piper methysticum (kava plant) and exhibits neuroprotective, neuromodulatory, and antifungal activities. It activates cannabinoid (CB1) receptors and potentiates the effects of GABA-A receptors.
S9416	Triptonide	Triptonide, isolated from the roots of Tripterygium wilfordii, can effectively inhibit canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling by targeting the downstream C-terminal transcription domain of β-catenin or a nuclear component associated with β-catenin. It is also an antineoplastic agent, an anti-inflammatory agent and an immunosuppressive agent.
S9417	Homoplantaginin	Homoplantaginin (Hispidulin-7-glucoside), a main flavonoid from a traditional Chinese medicine Salvia plebeia, has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. Homoplantaginin inhibits TNF-α and IL-6 mRNA expression, IKKβ and NF-κB phosphorylation.
S9420	Sinoacutine	Sinoacutine (Salutaridine), isolated from the Chinese drug Ching-fengteng, elicits mild antitussive properties.
S9421	Demethylnobiletin	Demethylnobiletin (5-Demethylnobiletin) is a unique flavonoid found in citrus fruits with potential chemopreventive effects against human cancers.5-Demethylnobiletin is a direct inhibitor of 5-LOX with IC50 of 0.1 μM, without affecting the expression of COX-2. 5-Demethylnobiletin has anti-inflammatory activity, inhibits leukotriene B 4(LTB4) formation in rat neutrophils and elastase release in human neutrophils with IC50 of 0.35 μM.
S9422	Diosbulbin B	Diosbulbin B is the main hepatotoxic compound in Airpotato yam, which is traditionally used for treating thyroid disease and cancer.
S9423	Narcissoside	Narcissoside has antioxidant and antiproliferative activity in cancer.
S9425	Trifolirhizin	Trifolirhizin, a natural pterocarcan flavonoid extracted from Sophora flavescens, has many pharmacological activities, such as hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferation, and skin-whitening.
S9427	Tabersonine	Tabersonine is a terpene indole alkaloid found in the medicinal plant Catharanthus roseus and shows hypotensive activity, anti-tumor activity, hypoglycemic, diuretic activity.
S9428	Brazilin	Brazilin (Natural Red 24) is a red pigment obtained from the wood of the brazilwood family. It is used to dye fabric and has diverse biological activities, including neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties.
S9429	6α-Hydroxygeniposide	6α-Hydroxygeniposide, an iridoid glycoside, is a chemical constituents of Pittosporum glabratum Lindl.
S9430	Tomatidine Hydrochloride	Tomatidine Hydrochloride, a natural steroidal alkaloid, possesses potent antibacterial activity and has anti-inflammatory effects in macrophages.
S9431	Dehydrocorydalin	Dehydrocorydalin is an alkaloidal component isolated from Rhizoma corydalis. It has anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects and can protect the cardiovascular system.
S9433	Tubeimoside II	Tubeimoside II (Tubeimoside B), a natural triterpenoid saponin isolated from herb, show anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and antitumor-promoting effects.
S9434	8-Gingerol	8-Gingerol is a bioactive ingredient of ginger root (Zingiber officinale), a medicinal plant having anti-nausea, anti-inflammatory, and anti-carcinogenic properties and a carminative effect.
S9435	Secoxyloganin	Secoxyloganin is a secoiridoids that is extensively used in synthetic and biosynthetic studies of monoterpene indole alkaloids and related natural products.
S9436	Pinoresinol dimethyl ether	Pinoresinol dimethyl ether, which could be isolated from the wood of the basal tree Humbertieae, show a variety of activities as the inhibitor of cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase.
S9437	Echinatin	Echinatin is a licorice extract that displays antioxidant properties and anti-inflammatory activities.
S9438	Isosakuranetin	Isosakuranetin (4'-Methylnaringenin), an O-methylated flavonoid, is the 4'-methoxy derivative of naringenin, a flavanone found in Citrus species.
S9120	Scutellarein	Scutellarein (6-Hydroxyapigenin), extracted from the perennial herb Scutellaria lateriflora, has antioxidant, antitumor, anti-adipogenic, antiviral and anti-inflammatory activities
S9439	Kaurenoic acid	Kaurenoic acid (kaurenoate, kaur-16-en-18-oic acid) is a natural diterpenoid found in the herbs of Croton antisyphiliticus. Kaurenoic acid has anti-inflammatory activity, the mechanisms may through inhibition of iNOS and COX-2 expression.
S9441	Sibiricose A5	Sibiricose A5, which could be isolated from traditional Chinese medicine Polygalae Radix, shows potent antioxidant activity.
S9442	Bergaptol	Bergaptol (5-Hydroxypsoralen, 5-Hydroxyfuranocoumarin) is a natural furanocoumarin found in the essential oils of citrus including lemon and bergamot.Bergaptol is a potent inhibitors of debenzylation activity of CYP3A4 enzyme with an IC50 value of 24.92 μM.
S9443	Schisantherin B	Schisantherin B is one bioactive of lignans isolated from Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill which has been commonly used as a traditional herbal medicine.
S9444	Tomatine	Tomatine (Lycopersicin) is a natural glycoalkaloid with fungicidal, antimicrobial, and insecticidal properties.
S9446	Dihydrokavain	Dihydrokavain (Marindinin) is a kavalactone source from kava beverages used in herbal medicine to treat sleep disturbances, as well as stress and anxiety.
S9447	1F-Fructofuranosylnystose	1F-Fructofuranosylnystose is a kind of Fructooligosaccharides which are naturally occurring sugars with potentially beneficial nutritional effects.
S9503	Fraxetin	Fraxetin (7,8-dihydroxy-6-methoxy coumarin), found in Fraxinus rhynchophylla, shows potent antioxidant activity.
S9502	Madecassic acid	Madecassic acid (Brahmic acid), a natural triterpene first isolated from C. asiatica, has diverse anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic effects, blocking NF-κB activation in macrophages and causing by iNOS, COX-2, TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and IL-6 inhibition.
S9001	Malic acid	Malic acid (Hydroxybutanedioic acid, 2-Hydroxysuccinic acid) is a common, naturally occurring ingredient in many foods. It is the main acid found in apples and other fruits.
S9002	L-Fucose	Fucose (6-Deoxy-L-Galactose, L-fucopyranose) is found on N-linked glycans on the mammalian, insect and plant cell surface. L-Fucose is claimed to have application in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and dietary supplements.
S9006	Perillartine	Perillartine (Perilla sugar, Peryllartine) is a sweetener.
S9014	AstragalosideⅠ	AstragalosideⅠ, is a bioactive saponin first isolated from the dried plant roots of the genus Astragalus, which is used in traditional Chinese medicine.
S5083	Lentinan	Lentinan (A823605, Bromoduline), isolated and purified from a hot water extract of Lentinula edodes fruit bodies, is a fungal polysaccharide immunomodulator with anti-tumor effects.
S9272	Koumine	Koumine, a Gelsemium alkaloid, possesses analgesic, anti-inflammatory and neurosteroid modulating activities.
S9273	Timosaponin BII	Timosaponin BII (BII, Prototimosaponin AIII) is a steroidal saponin showing potential anti-dementia and antioxidant activity.
S9274	Isochlorogenic acid B	Isochlorogenic acid B, naturally isolated from Laggera alata, has antioxidative and hepatoprotective properties.
S9275	Isoguanosine	Isoguanosine (Crotonoside) inhibits FLT3 and HDAC3/6 for the treatment of AML.Isoguanosine is a naturally occurring active isomer of guanosine that is found in the seeds of Croton tiglium.
S9276	Alisol B	Alisol B, a triterpene from Alismatis rhizoma, induces Bax up-regulation and nuclear translocation, the activation of initiator caspase-8 and caspase-9, and executor caspase-3, suggesting the involvement of both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis pathways.
S9277	Alisol A	Alisol A is one of the major active triterpenes isolated from Rhizoma Alismatis (RA), a famous Traditional Chinese Medicine widely used for diuretic, hypolipidemic, anti-nephrolithic, anti-atherosclerotic, anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic purposes.
S9278	Saikosaponin C	Saikosaponin C is a triterpene saponin found in Bupleurum that exhibits antiviral and pro-angiogenic activities.
S9279	Euphorbia factor L3	Euphorbia factor L3 (5,15-Diacetyl-3-benzoyllathyrol), belonging to the lathyrane diterpenoids isolated from Caper Euphorbia Seed, shows potent cytotoxicity and induces apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway in A549 cells.
S9280	Demethoxycurcumin	Demethoxycurcumin, a natural demethoxy derivative of curcumin, has anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-angiogenesis properties.
S9281	Peimine	Peimine (Verticine, Wanpeinine A) is a major biologically active component of Fritillaria ussuriensis, exhibits anti-inflammatory and pain suppression properties at the cellular level.
S9267	Epimedin A	CHF5074 is a gamma-secretase modulator that reduces Aβ42 and Aβ40 secretion. The IC50s of CHF5074 for inhibition of COX-1 and COX-2 is above 100 μmol/L.
S9268	Epmedin B	Epmedin B (Epimedin B) is a component extracted from Epimedii Folium and may have antiosteoporotic activity.
S9269	Epmedin C	Epmedin C (Epimedin C, Baohuoside VI), a flavonoid isolated from the herbs of Epimedium brevicornum Maxim, exhibits immunostimulatory and anticancer activities.
S9270	Dracohodin perochlorate	CHF5074 is a gamma-secretase modulator that reduces Aβ42 and Aβ40 secretion. The IC50s of CHF5074 for inhibition of COX-1 and COX-2 is above 100 μmol/L.
S9271	Pulchinenoside A	Pulchinenoside A (Anemoside A3), a natural triterpenoid saponin, is a AMPARs and NMDAR modulator.
S9282	Isochlorogenic acid A	Isochlorogenic acid A (3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid), isolated from Brazilian propolis and Suaeda glauca, exhibits hepatoprotective and cytotoxic activities.
S9283	Aristolone	Aristolone, which could be extracted from essential oil of Elyonurus hensii, is likely to induce an antalgic activity.
S9284	Aloesin	Aloesin (Aloe resin B) is a kind of herbal extraction form the aloe vera. It is a strong inhibitor of tyrosinase activity and up-regulates cyclin E-dependent kinase activity in vitro.
S9285	Fargesin	Fargesin is a neolignan isolated from Magnolia plants. It is a potential β1AR antagonist through cAMP/PKA pathway.
S9286	Neobavaisoflavone	Neobavaisoflavone, isolated from seeds of Psoralea corylifolia, exhibits inhibitory activity against DNA polymerase and platelet aggregation.
S9287	Genkwanin	Genkwanin (Apigenin 7-methyl ether) is one of the major non-glycosylated flavonoids in herbs. It has a variety of pharmacological effects including anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, antiplasmodial, radical scavenging, chemopreventive and inhibiting 17β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 activities.
S9288	Casticin	Casticin (Vitexicarpin), as the major active substance in Lithospermum erythrorhyzon, had been reported to mediate multiple pharmacological activities such as antioxidation, antiviral, cardiovascular protection, antineoplastic and anti-inflammation.
S9289	Astragalin	Astragalin (kaempferol-3-glucoside, Kaempferol 3-O-glucoside, Kaempferol 3-D-glucoside), a flavonoid from leaves of persimmon and green tea seeds, has anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities.
S9290	Linarin	Linarin (Acaciin, Buddleoside, Acacetin-7-O-rutinoside), a natural flavonoid cpompound, has pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory, neuro-protective, cardioprotective and antioxidative effects.
S9291	Isopimpinellin	Isopimpinellin (5,8-Dimethoxypsoralen) is a natural product synthesized by numerous plant species. It may acts as an anticarcinogen.
S9292	Dictamnine	Dictamnine, a natural plant product, has been reported to have antimicrobial activity against bacteria and fungi.
S9293	Isoliquiritin	Isoliquiritin (Neoisoliquritin) is a flavonoid glycoside compound from licorice possessing a broad spectrum of pharmacological activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-depression activities.
S9294	Gelsemine	Gelsemine, a principal alkaloid from Gelsemium sempervirens Ait., is a highly toxic compound and may be a glycine receptor agonist with significantly higher binding affinity for some of these receptors than its native agonist, glycine.
S9295	Dauricine	Dauricine, a plant metabolite isolated from the Asian vine Menispermum dauricum, plays a variety of biological roles in the human body, from inhibiting cancer cell growth to blocking cardiac transmembrane Na+, K+, and Ca2+ ion currents.Dauricine induces apoptosis, inhibits proliferation and invasion through inhibiting NF‐κB signaling pathway in colon cancer cells.
S9296	Fraxin	Fraxin (Fraxetin-8-O-glucoside), a main active component isolated from Cortex Fraxini, possesses a variety of bioactivities such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, analgesic, antimicrobial, antiviral, immunomodulatory, anti-hyperuricemia and diuresis.
S9297	Kirenol	Kirenol is a biologically active substance isolated from Herba Siegesbeckiae. It has been reported to possess anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, anti-adipogenic, and anti-arthritic activities.
S9298	Corylin	Corylin, a main compound isolated from Psoralea corylifolia L. (Fabaceae), has a variety of pharmacological effects such as antioxidant, anti-proliferation, and anti-inflammatory properties.
S9300	Methylprotodioscin	Methyl protodioscin, a bioactive natural compound isolated from Dioscorea collettii Makino (Dioscoreaceae), has numerous pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammation, lipid-lowering, and anticancer activities.
S9301	Verbenalin	Verbenalin (Verbenalol β-D-glucopyranoside, Verbenalol glucoside, Cornin), an iridoid glycoside found in Verbena officinalis, has been reported to exhibit uterine stimulant activity and demonstrated cardioprotection against experimental myocardial ischemic injury.
S9302	Polyphyllin VI	Polyphyllin VI derived from Paris polyphylla possess anti-cancer activities.
S9303	Saikosaponin B2	Saikosaponin B2 is a naturally occurring terpenoid that efficiently inhibits hepatitis C virus entry.
S9304	Platycodin D	Platycodin D, the main saponin isolated from Chinese herb Platycodonis Radix, exhibits anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, cholesterol-lowering and neuroprotective properties.
S9305	Toosendanin	Toosendanin, a triterpenoid extracted from Melia toosendan Sieb et Zucc, possesses broad biological actions from blocking neurotransmission and antibotulism to inducing cell differentiation and apoptosis.
S9307	Shanzhiside methyl ester	Shanzhiside methylester is a principle effective iridoid glycoside of L. rotata and serves as a small molecule glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist.
S9308	Pulsatilla saponin D	Pulsatilla saponin D (SB365), isolated from the root of Pulsatilla koreana, targets c-Met and exerts antiangiogenic and antitumor activities.
S9309	Micheliolide	Micheliolide, a sesquiterpene lactone isolated from Michelia compressa and Michelia champaca, inhibits various inflammatory response and may serve as a neuroprotective agent in neuroinflammation-related neurodegenerative disorders.
S9311	Germacrone	Germacrone, a major activity component found in Curcuma zedoaria oil product, shows anti-inflammatory, antiandrogenic, and antimicrobial activities.
S9312	Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside chloride	Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside chloride (Kuromanin, Chrysontemin, Glucocyanidin) is a natural product with anti-oxidant and neuroprotective effects.
S9313	Atractylenolide III	Atractylenolide III, a major component of Atractylodes rhizome, has anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenesis activities.
S9314	Atractylenolide II	Atractylenolide II (AT-II, Asterolide, 2-Atractylenolide), a major sesquiterpenoids isolated from the dried Rhizome of Atractylodes macrocephala, shows a wide range of biological and pharmacological activities, for example, against insomnia and anxiety, neuroprotective, platelet activation and anti-cancer effect.
S9315	Praeruptorin A	Praeruptorin A, a naturally existing pyranocumarin, is isolated from the dried root of Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn. Praeruptorin A inhibits p38/Akt-c-Fos-NFATc1 signaling and PLCγ-independent Ca2+ oscillation. Praeruptorin A can significantly upregulates multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 expression via the constitutive androstane receptor-mediated pathway in vitro, and this should be taken as an herb-drug interaction.
S9316	Polyphyllin II	Polyphyllin II, a natural compound extracted from Rhizoma of Paris polyphyllin, shows hemolytic activity.
S9317	Forsythoside A	Forsythoside A, one of the main active ingredients in Forsythiae fructus, has been shown to possess anti-bacterial and immunomodulatory properties.
S9318	(20R)-Ginsenoside Rh1	(20R)-Ginsenoside Rh1, isolated from the root of Panax Ginseng, exhibits various pharmacological activities including vasorelaxation, antioxidation, anti-inflammation, and anticancer.
S9319	Cryptochlorogenic acid	Cryptochlorogenic acid (4-Caffeoylquinic acid, 4-O-Caffeoylquinic acid), a phenolic acid found in various plant species, including Artemisia, honeysuckle, and H. sabdariffa, possesses antioxidant properties.
S9322	Neodiosmin
S9324	Alnustone	Alnustone, a naturally occuring compound found in the rhizomes of Curcuma xanthorrhiza, exhibits anti-inflammatory, antihepatotoxic and antiemetic activities.
S9329	Orcinol	Orcinol (5-Methylresorcinol; 3,5-ToluenediolOrcin; 5-Methyl-1,3-benzenediol; 3,5-Dihydroxytoluene), occurs in many species of lichens including Roccella tinctoria and Lecanora, exhibits antimutagenic, antioxidant, antibacterial, radical-scavenging effects.
S9343	Sequoyitol	Sequoia alcohol (Sequoyitol) is isolated from Taxus natural organic compounds, it can be used to treat diabetes and other indications.
S9347	Allitol	Allitol (Allodulcitol) is a rare polyol found in nature that is useful not only as a sweetener, but also as the raw material for production of chemical compounds.
S9348	D-(+)-Trehalose Anhydrous	Trehalose is a non-reducing sugar. It is thought to provide plants and animals with the ability to withstanding periods of dehydration.
S9350	Ethyl 4-Methoxycinnamate	Ethyl 4-Methoxycinnamate (Ethyl p-methoxycinnamate, 4-Methoxycinnamic Acid Ethyl Ester), a natural product found in K. galanga and C. zedoaria extracts, has anti-inflammatory, antiangiogenic, antifungal, larvicidal, and analgesic activities.
S9354	Oxalic acid	Oxalic acid (Ethanedioic acid, Wood bleach) is a strong dicarboxylic acid occurring in many plants and vegetables.
S5636	Methyl furan-2-carboxylate	Methyl furan-2-carboxylate (Methyl pyromucate, Methyl 2-furoate) is found in cocoa and cocoa products. It is used in food flavouring and preparation of sesquiterpene lactone.
S3814	Tubeimoside I	Tubeimoside I (Lobatoside H, TBMS1), a triterpenoid saponin, isolated from the tubers of Bolbostemma paniculatum, shows potent antitumor and antitumor-promoting effects.
S8068	Chaetocin	Chaetocin, a natural product from Chaetomium species, is a histone methyltransferase inhibitor with IC50 of 0.8 μM, 2.5 μM and 3 μM for dSU(VAR)3-9, mouse G9a and Neurospora crassa DIM5, respectively. Chaetocin is an anticancer agent and inhibitor of thioredoxin reductase (TrxR).
S3790	Methyl gallate	Methyl Gallate (Methylgallate, Gallic acid methyl ester, Gallicin) is a plant polyphenol with antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory activities.
S9188	Magnoflorine chloride	Magnoflorine (Escholine, Thalictrine, Corytuberine methochloride), isolated from the rhizome of Sinomenium acutum and from Pachygone ovata, is usually used as an anxiolytic chemical with anti-oxidant, α-tyrosinase inhibitory and anti-inflammationary activities.
S9189	Oroxin A	Oroxin A (Baicalein 7-O-glucoside), an active component isolated from the herb Oroxylum indicum (L.) Kurz, activates PPARγ and inhibits α-glucosidase, exerting antioxidant activity.
S9190	Oroxin B	Oroxin B (Hypocretin-2), one of flavonoids isolated from traditional Chinese herbal medicine Oroxylum indicum (L.) Vent, selectively induces tumor-suppressive ER stress in malignant lymphoma cells and has antioxidant activity. Oroxin B significantly inhibits proliferation and induce apoptosis, which may be strongly associated with the inhibiting COX-2/VEGF and PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in SMMC-7721 cells, Oroxin B potentially be used as a novel therapeutic agent for liver cancer.COX-2, VEGF, PI3K, and p-AKT expression levels is found to be downregulated, while PTEN was upregulated after Oroxin B treatment.
S9191	Loganic acid	Loganic acid (Loganate) is a naturally occurring iridoid monoterpeneglusoside involved in the biosynthesis of indole alkaloids in Vinca rosea.
S9194	Toddalolactone	Toddalolactone, a natural coumarin, inhibits the activity of recombinant human Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in a dose-dependent manner, yielding an IC50 value of 37.31 ± 3.23 μM.
S9195	Maltotetraose	Maltotetraose, found in many foods, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as oligosaccharides.
S9196	Calceolarioside B	Calceolarioside B (Nuomioside A), found in the herbs of Ajuga becumbens Thunb., has anti-proliferation property.
S9199	Pseudoginsenoside F11	Pseudoginsenoside F11, a natural product found in American ginseng but not in Asian ginseng, is a novel partial PPARγ agonist.
S9200	Pneumocandin B0	Pneumocandin B0 (L-688786) is a natural product and a key intermediate in the synthesis of the antifungal agent.
S9203	Notopterol	Notopterol is a kind of furanocoumarin that possesses anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and anticancer activities.
S9204	Oroxylin A	Oroxylin A (6-Methoxybaicalein) is a flavonoid isolated from Scutellaria root that exhibits multiple pharmacological activities, including anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-viral and anti-tumor properties.
S9205	Hydroxygenkwanin	Hydroxygenkwanin (7-O-Methylluteolin), a natural flavonoid compound, has anti-oxidant ability and can act as tissue factor (TF) inhibitor to prevent thrombosis.
S9206	Hydroprotopine	Hydroprotopine (W1171) is a kind of natural herbal extract.
S9514	Rotundic acid	Rotundic acid (Rutundic acid), a natural compound, exhibit cytotoxic activities toward human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2), malignant melanoma (A375), SCLC (NCI-H446), breast cancer (MCF-7), and colon cancer (HT-29) cell lines.RA induces cell cycle arrest, DNA damage, and apoptosis by modulating the AKT/mTOR and MAPK pathways.
S9207	Gypenoside XVII	Gypenoside XVII (GP-17, Gynosaponin S), a ginsenoside found in Panax species, has neuroprotective effects and is widely used to prevent cardiovascular disease.
S9208	Ginsenoside Rb3	Ginsenoside Rb3, extracted from the plant Panax ginseng, plays important roles in cardiovascular diseases, including myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Ginsenoside Rb3 (0.1-10 μM) is tested for inhibition of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF)-induced nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) luciferase reporter activity using a human kidney 293T cell-based assay. Ginsenoside Rb3 shows the significant activity with an IC50 of 8.2 μM. Ginsenoside Rb3 also inhibits the induction of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) messenger Ribonucleic acid (mRNA) in a dose-dependent manner after HepG2 cells have been treated with TNF-α (10 ng/mL).
S9209	Tritetradecanoin	Tritetradecanoin, found in Myristica fragrans Houtt., is used as an antiadhesion agent and lubricating agent.
S9210	Ginsenoside Rk1	Ginsenoside Rk1, one of the main elements of Sung Ginseng, has been confirmed as a new endothelial barrier enhancer recently and has anti-cancer activity.
S9211	Eriocitrin	Eriocitrin (eriodictyol 7-rutinoside, Eriodictyol glycoside, Eriodictioside) is a flavone glycoside mainly found in lemon with antioxidant activity.
S9213	Jujuboside A	Jujuboside A, isolated from Semen Ziziphi Spinosae, exerts anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory activities, and reduces the cell apoptosis.
S9214	Jujuboside B	Jujuboside B, one of the saponins isolated from the seeds of Zizyphus jujuba var. spinosa, is used in traditional chinese medicine for treating cardiovascular diseases and neurodegenerative diseases.
S9215	Pinoresinol diglucoside	Pinoresinol diglucoside, one of the major lignans isolated from Eucommia ulmoides Oliver bark, has various pharmacological functions, including antihypertension and prevention of osteoporosis.
S9216	Esculentoside A	Esculentoside A, isolated from the Chinese herb phytolacca esculenta, possesses a broad inhibitory effect on a panel of pro-inflammation molecules with less toxicity.
S9217	Complanatuside	Complanatuside, a flavonoid compound isolated from Astragalus complanatus and Lysimachia christinae, has anti-inflammation, lipid-lowering and hepatoprotective effects.
S9219	Huperzine B	Huperzine B, a natural alkaloid existed in Lycopodium plants, is a novel acetylcholinesterase inhibitor and has neuroprotective effects.
S9221	Ferulaldehyde	Ferulaldehyde (Coniferaldehyde, Ferulyl aldehyde) is a natural intermediate of polyphenol metabolism of intestinal microflora.
S9222	Dipotassium glycyrrhizinate	Glycyrrhizinate dipotassium (Neubormitin) is a widely used anti-inflammatory agent isolated from the licorice root.
S9223	Talatisamine	Talatisamine, a delphinine type alkaloid extracted from Aconitum talassicum, is a newly identified K+ channel blocker with hypotensive and antiarrhythmic activities.
S9224	Dehydroandrographolide Succinate	Dehydroandrographolide succinate (DAS), extracted from herbal medicine Andrographis paniculata (Burm f) Nees, has antibacterial and antiviral effects.
S9226	Steviolbioside	Steviolbioside (CCRIS-6025), a natural sweetener, exhibits moderate antituberculosis activity against M. tuberculosis strain H37RV in vitro.
S9228	Schisandrin C	Schisandrin C, a dibenzocyclooctadiene lignan isolated from the fruits of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill, has many characteristics including anti-inflammation, anti-tumor, and anti-oxidation.
S9229	Linderane	Linderane, isolated from Lindera strychnifolia vill., is an indirect PDE3 activator and possesses multiple biological effects, including superoxide anion radical-scavenging and antioxidative activity and protective activity against gastritis, gastric ulcers and backache.
S9230	Vaccarin	Vaccarin, a major flavonoid glycoside found in Semen vaccariae, exhibits extensive biological activities including vascular endothelial cell protective effects.
S9231	Schisanhenol	Schisanhenol (Gomisin K3) is a compound derived from the fruit of a traditional Chinese herb Schisandra rubriflora, exhibiting strong inhibition toward UGT2B7.
S9232	Crocin II	Crocin II (Crocin B, Crocetin gentiobiosylglucosyl ester, Tricrocin), a carotenoid chemical compound that is found in the flowers crocus and gardenia, is an antioxidant and neural protective agent.
S9233	Imperialine	Imperialine (Sipeimine, Kashmirine) is an alkaloid found in the bulbs of species of the genus Fritillaria.
S9234	Schaftoside	Schaftoside, a bioactive compound found in the Herba Desmodii Styracifolii, exhibits pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity. Schaftoside inhibits the expression of TLR4 and Myd88. Schaftoside also decreases Drp1 expression and phosphorylation, and reduces mitochondrial fission.
S9235	Didymin	Didymin (Neoponcirin, Isosakuranetin-7-O-rutinoside) is a citrus-derived natural compound that kills p53 wild-type as well as drug-resistant p53-mutant neuroblastoma cells in culture. It possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammation and anti-cancer properties.
S9237	Berberrubine	Berberrubine (Beroline, 9-Berberoline), an isoquinoline alkaloid isolated from many medicinal plants, possesses diverse pharmacological activities, including glucose-lowering, lipid-lowering, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor effects.
S9238	Polygalic acid	Polygalic acid (Senegenic acid), a triterpenoid saponin, shows expectorant, emetic and stimulant effects.
S9239	Isocorynoxeine	Isocorynoxeine (7-Isocorynoxeine), a major alkaloid found in Uncaria rhynchophylla, exhibits wide beneficial effects on the cardiovascular and cardiocerebral vascular systems. Isocorynoxeine suppress 5-HT2A receptor-mediated current response with IC50 of 72.4 μM.
S9240	Isofraxidin	Isofraxidin (6,8-Dimethoxyumbelliferone), a bioactive coumarin compound isolated from the functional foods Siberian ginseng and Apium graveolens, is an anti-bacterial, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory agent.
S9242	Narirutin	Narirutin (Naringenin-7-O-rutinoside, Isonaringin), a flavanone abundant in citrus fruits, possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects.
S9243	Protosappanin B	Protosappanin B (FT-0689654, Q-100961), extracted from Lignum Sappan, possesses anti-inflammation and anti-oxidation properties.
S9244	8-O-acetyl shanzhiside methyl ester	8-O-acetyl shanzhiside methyl ester (Barlerin, ND01), isolated from the leaves of Lamiophlomis rotata Kudo, promotes angiogenesis, which leads to the improvement of functional outcome after stroke.8-O-Acetyl shanzhiside methyl ester can inhibts NF-κB.
S9245	Phellodendrine chloride	Phellodendrine chloride, isolated from the Phellodrndron amurensis, exhibits immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory activities.
S9246	Tiliroside	Tiliroside, a glycosidic flavonoid, possesses anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticarcinogenic and hepatoprotective activities.
S9247	Isoliensinine	Isoliensinine is an alkaloid produced by the edible plant Nelumbo nucifera. It possesses anti-cancer, anti-fibrosis, anti-proliferative, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities.
S9248	Homoorientin	Homoorientin (Isoorientin, Luteolin-6-C-glucoside) is a flavone that acts as a radical scavenger and an antineoplastic agent.
S9249	Securinine	Securinine, a major natural alkaloid product from the root of the plant Securinega suffruticosa, acts as a γ-amino butyric acid (GABA) receptor antagonist.
S9250	Isosilybin	Isosilybin (Silymarin, Silybin B, Isosilybinin, Q-100795) is a flavanolignan found in the extract of S. marianum fruits with antioxidant and anticancer activities. Isosilybin inhibits CYP3A4 induction with an IC50 of 74 μM.
S9251	Oxypeucedanin	Oxypeucedanin is a major coumarin aglycone that can be extracted from Ostericum koreanum. It is a kind of open-channel blocker of the hKv1.5 channel.
S9252	Corydaline	Corydaline is a bioactive alkaloid with various anti-acetylcholinesterase, anti-allergic, and anti-nociceptive activities found in the medicinal herb Corydalis Tubers.
S9253	Coixol	Coixol (6-methoxybenzoxazolone, MBOA) acts as a central muscle relaxant with an anti-convulsant effect.
S9254	Skimmin	Skimmin is one of the major pharmacologically active molecules present in Hydrangea paniculata, a medical herb used in the traditional Chinese medicine as an anti-inflammatory agent.
S9255	Isoscopoletin	Isoscopoletin (7-Methoxyesculetin) is a member of the class of compounds known as hydroxycoumarins. Isoscopoletin can be found in coriander and eggplant, which makes isoscopoletin a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.
S9256	Isobavachin	Isobavachin is a flavonoid compound obtained from Psoralea Corylifolia Linn.
S9257	Acetylshikonin	Acetylshikonin is a biologically active compound with anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activity, which is isolated from the roots of Lithospermum erythrorhizoma. It is a novel general P450 inhibitor with IC50 values of 1.4-4.0 μM for all tested P450s.
S9258	(+)-Isocorynoline	Isocorynoxeine, a major bioactive tetracyclic oxindole alkaloids found in Uncaria rhynchophylla, exhibits a dose-dependent inhibition of 5-HT2A receptor-mediated current response with an IC50 of 72.4 μM and shows various beneficial effects, including lowering blood pressure, vasodilatation, and protection against ischemia-induced neuronal damage.
S9260	Nodakenin	Nodakenin ((+)-Marmesinin), a coumarin compound, acts as an AChE inhibitor that inhibits AChE activity in a dosedependent manner with an IC50 value of 84.7 μM.
S9265	7-Epitaxol	7-Epitaxol (7-Epipaclitaxel) is the major derivative of taxol found in cells. Taxol (paclitaxel) is a well-known natural-source cancer drug.
S9266	Ginsenoside Rc	Ginsenoside Rc, isolated from Panax ginseng, may exert various activities including anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antiobesity, and anti-diabetic effects.
S9186	Liensinine perchlorate	Liensinine is the active constituent of plumula nelambinis with anti-hypertension.
S9187	Phillygenin	Phillygenin (Sylvatesmin), a bioactive intergradient in Osmanthus fragrans, has anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity and antipyretic activities. It could reduce blood lipid levels and low density lipoprotein.
S9517	Liriope muscari baily saponins C	Liriope muscari baily saponins C, extracted from the roots of Liriope muscari (Decne.) Baily, induces autophagy and has an anti-thrombotic activity.
S9201	Levistilide A	Levistilide A (Diligustilide), a natural compound isolated from the traditional Chinese herb Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort, is a potential P-gp modulator and used for treating cancer.
S9512	1,3-Dicaffeoylquinic acid	1,3-Dicaffeoylquinic acid (Cynarin; Cinarine; 1,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid) is a phenolic compound found in artichoke. It shows antioxidant and choleretic properties and is a potential immunosuppressive agent.
S9114	Polyphyllin I	Polyphyllin I, a small molecular monomer extracted from Rhizoma of Paris polyphyllin, is used in the treatment of infectious disease and cancer. Polyphyllin I inhibits proliferation and induces apoptotic cell death in U251 cells. Polyphyllin I is an activator of the JNK signaling pathway with a potential anti-glioma effect.
S9115	Wogonoside	Wogonoside (Oroxindin, Wogonin 7-O-glucuronide, Glychionide B), the main flavonoid component derived from the root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, displays anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic, and anticancer chemotherapeutic activities.
S9116	Chikusetsusaponin IVa	Chikusetsusaponin IVa (Calenduloside F), a major active ingredient of triterpenoid saponins, has numerous pharmacological activities, including cytotoxic activity against various cancer cells, anti-inflammatory activity, prevention of dental caries and induction of genta-micin nephrotoxicity. Chikusetsusaponin IVa is a novel AMPK activator.
S9117	(20S)Ginsenoside Rg2	(20S)Ginsenoside Rg2, a constituent existing in red ginseng, has been reported to exert strong inhibitory action on various cancer cells.
S9119	Leonuride	Leonuride (Ajugol), an active alkaloid that is extracted from Traditional Chinese Medicine Herba leonuri, is a terpene glycoside that can be used for some gynecological disease.
S9121	Irigenin	Irigenin, an O-methylated isoflavone, can be isolated from the rhizomes of the leopard lily (Belamcanda chinensis), and Iris kemaonensis.
S9122	Tectorigenin	Tectorigenin (TEC) is an isoflavone isolated from various medicinal plants, such as Pueraria thunbergiana Benth, Belamcanda chinensis, and Iris unguicularis. It has been reported to exert pharmacological actions, including antitumor and antibacterial effects, free radical neutralization, and selective estrogen receptor modulation.
S9123	Eriodictyol	Eriodictyol, a flavonoid extracted from yerba santa, has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities and taste-modifying properties.
S9125	Apigetrin	Apigetrin (Cosmetin, Cosmosioside, Thalictiin, Cosmosin, Apigenin 7-glucoside), a flavonoid found in many plant leaves and seeds, has been known to possess antimutagenic, anti-cancer, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
S9126	Schizandrol B	Schizandrol B (Gomisin A, Besigomsin, Wuweizi alcohol B, Gamma-Schisandrin), extracted from the fruit of Schisandra chinensis Baill., exhibits potent antitumor activities.
S9127	Carnosol	Carnosol is a naturally occurring phenolic diterpene found in rosemary. It has anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities.
S9128	Isoacteoside	Isoacteoside, a phenylethanoid isolated from Monochasma savatieri Franch. ex Maxim., is an anti‐inflammatory herb widely used in traditional Chinese medicine.
S9129	20(S)-Ginsenoside Rh1	20(S)-Ginsenoside Rh1 (Prosapogenin A2, Sanchinoside B2, Sanchinoside Rh1) is one of major bioactive compounds extracted from red ginseng, which has been increasingly used for enhancing cognition and physical health worldwide. It exhibits potent characteristics of anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunomodulatory effects, and positive effects on the nervous system. Ginsenoside Rh1 inhibits the expression of PPAR-γ, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β.
S9130	Rubusoside	Rubusoside is a natural sweetener and a solubilizing agent with antiangiogenic and antiallergic properties.
S9131	Punicalagin	Punicalagin, a major ellagitannin found in pomegranate extracts, has been shown to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects.
S9132	Harpagide	Harpagide, isolated from the secondary roots of Harpagophytum procumbens (Hp), has valuable medicinal properties, such as anti-inflammatory, analgesic and potential antirheumatic effects.
S9133	Chicoric acid	Chicoric acid (Dicaffeoyltartaric acid), identified in many plants, exerts various properties include anti-cancer, anti-obesity, antiviral, and anti-diabetic effects.
S9134	Spinosin	Spinosin (Flavoayamenin), a ﬂavone-C-glycoside, is a bioactive ingredient isolated from a traditional Chinese herb Zizyphi Spinosi Semen. It acts as a plant metabolite and an anxiolytic drug.
S9135	Artemisic acid	Artemisic acid (Artemisinic acid), an amorphane sesquiterpene isolated from Artemisia annua L., has a variety of pharmacological activity, such as antimalarial activity, anti-tumor activity, antipyretic effect, antibacterial activity, allelopathy effect and anti-adipogenesis effect.
S9136	Neochlorogenic acid	Neochlorogenic acid (Neochlorogenate, 5-O-Caffeoylquinic acid) is a natural polyphenolic compound found in some types of dried fruits and a variety of other plant sources such as peaches. It shows antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral, and antipyretic activities and exerts neuroprotective effects through the inhibition of pro-inflammatory pathways in activated microglia.
S9137	Erianin	Erianin, a natural product derived from Dendrobium chrysotoxum, has been used as an analgesic in traditional Chinese medicine and is a potential anti-tumor agent. Erianin can inhibit IDO-induced tumor angiogenesis.
S9138	Picfeltarraenin IA	Picfeltarraenin IA is an AChE inhibitior, and an potential PI3K and EGFR inhibitor. It also acts as an inhibitor on both the classical and alternative pathways of the complement system.
S9141	Berbamine	Berbamine (BA), a traditional Chinese medicines extracted from Berberis amurensis (xiaoboan), is a novel inhibitor of bcr/abl fusion gene with potent anti-leukemia activity and also an inhibitor of NF-κB. Berbamine (BA) induces apoptosis in human myeloma cells and inhibits the growth of cancer cells by targeting Ca²⁺/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII).
S9143	Ammonium Glycyrrhizate	Ammonium glycyrrhizate (Glycamil, Glycyrram) is an ammonium salt extract isolated from licorice root and is commonly used as a flavoring agent and is also used in fragrances, and skin and hair care products.
S9144	Solasonine	Solasonine, a natural glycoalkaloid compound, has anti-inflammation and anti-tumor properties.
S9145	Solamargine	Solamargine, a bioactive steroidal alkaloid isolated from Solanum aculeastrum, induces potent, non-selective cytotoxicity and P-gp inhibition.
S9146	Anwuligan	Anwuligan (Macelignan), a natural compound isolated from Myristica fragrans Houtt, has antimicrobial and anticariogenic activity against Streptococcus mutans and other streptococcus species. It also shows antioxidant, free radical scavenging, and neuroprotective activities.
S9148	Peiminine	Peiminine (Verticinone, Zhebeinone, Raddeanine), a biologically active component extracted from Fritillaria walujewii Regel, has been reported to have potent anti-inflammatory, antitussive, and expectorant effects. It induces autophagic cell death thus represses colorectal carcinoma tumor growth.
S9149	Benzoylpaeoniflorin	Benzoylpaeoniflorin, a natural product isolated from Chinese paeony root, could inhibit COX-1 and COX-2 in vitro.
S9150	Daurisoline	Daurisoline, a bis-benzylisoquinoline alkaloid isolated from the rhizomes of Menispermum dauricum, is a potent autophagy blockers with antiarrhythmic effects.
S9151	Praeruptorin E	Praeruptorin E, isolated from Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn., is a cardiotonic agent with selective cardiac calcium channel agonistic effect.
S9152	Epiberberine	Epiberberine, a natural protoberberine alkaloid, is a potent inhibitor against both ureases with IC50 values of 3.0±0.01μM for HPU (ureases from Helicobacter pylori) and 2.3±0.01μM for JBU (ureases from jack bean).
S9153	Betulinicaldehyde	Betulinicaldehyde (Betulinal, Betunal), isolated from the bark of tectona grandis., is an anti-tumor agent.
S9154	Chelidonine	Chelidonine (Stylophorin, Helidonine), a major bioactive, isoquinoline alkaloid ingredient in Chelidonium majus, exhibits anti-inflammatory properties and acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activity.
S9155	Aurantio-obtusin	Aurantio-obtusin is a natural effective compound isolated from Semen Cassiae, which possesses hypotensive and hypolipidemic effects.
S9156	Chonglou Saponin VII	Chonglou Saponin VII (Dioscinin, Polyphyllin-VII, Paris saponin-VII), a kind of steroidal saponins from Chonglou (Rhizoma Paridis Chonglou), inhibits EMT and reduces the invasion of ovarian cancer cells via the GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway.
S9157	Neoandrographolide	Neoandrographolide, a principle diterpenoids isolated from A. paniculata, exerts a wide range of therapeutic actions, including immunosuppressant, antithrombotic, anti-inflammatory, antineoplastic, anti-viral, anti-bacterial, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidative stress, antipyretic, anti-edematogenic, and anti-nociceptive activities.
S9159	momordin-Ic	Momordin Ic, a natural triterpenoid saponin, is a novel SENP1 (SUMO-specific protease 1) inhibitor that inhibited proliferation of prostate cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
S5742	Deferoxamine mesylate (Ba 33112)	Deferoxamine mesylate (Ba 33112, Desferrioxamine B, DFOM, NSC 644468) is the mesylate salt of Deferoxamine, which forms iron complexes and is used as a chelating agent. Deferoxamine is a ferroptosis inhibitor that stabilizes HIF-1α expression and improves HIF-1α transactivity in hypoxic and hyperglycemic states in vitro. Deferoxamine decreases beta-amyloid (Aβ) deposition and induces autophagy.
S9160	Ziyu-glycoside I	Ziyuglycoside I is one of the major active ingredients in Sanguisorba officinalis and could be used as an active ingredient for cosmetics.
S9161	Ziyuglycoside II	Ziyuglycoside II is an active compound of Sanguisorba officinalis L. that has anti-inflammation, antioxidation, antibiosis, and homeostasis properties.
S9162	Rubimaillin	Rubimaillin (Mollugin), found in the Chinese medical plant Rubia cordifola, is a dual inhibitor of acetyl-CoA cholesterol acyltransferase 1 (ACAT1) and acetyl-CoA cholesterol acyltransferase 2 (ACAT2), but is more selective for the ACAT2 isozyme.
S9163	Rhapontigenin	Rhapontigenin (Protigenin), produced from rhapontin isolated from a methanol extract of Rheum undulatum roots by enzymatic transformation, is a selective inactivator of cytochrome P450 1A1 (IC50 = 400 nM).
S9164	Curdione	Curdione, one of the major components of Curcuma zedoaria, shows an excellent antithrombotic activity in vivo.
S9165	Poncirin	Poncirin (Isosakuranetin-7-neohesperidoside), extracted from trifoliate orange, has anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory activities.
S9167	Columbin	Columbin, a diterpenoid furanolactone, is a potential anti-inflammatory drug.
S9168	Periplogenin	Periplogenin (Desoxostrophanthidin, 5-beta-Hydroxydigitoxigenin), isolated from Lagenaria siceraria, has potent anti-psoriatic effects in vitro and in vivo.
S9171	Harpagoside	Harpagoside, a natural product found in the plant Harpagophytum procumbens, has potent anti-rheumatic, anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects.
S9172	Phellodendrine	Phellodendrine, a quaternary ammonium alkaloid extracted from the dried bark of Phellodendrom chinensis Schneid and Phellodendrom amurense Rupr, has the effect of suppressing cellular immune response, reducing blood pressure and antinephritis.
S9173	Sec-O-Glucosylhamaudol	Sec-O-Glucosylhamaudol (Hamaudol 3-glucoside) is one of the major bioactive compounds of the Saposhnikoviae Radix.
S9174	Xanthotoxol	Xanthotoxol (8-Hydroxypsoralen, 8-Hydroxypsoralene, 8-Hydroxyfuranocoumarin, Psoralen), a biologically active linear furocoumarin found in a large number of plants, shows strong pharmacological activities as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, 5-HT antagonistic, and neuroprotective effects.
S9175	Macranthoidin A	Macranthoidin A, found in the herbs of Lonicera japonica Thunb., has anti-inflammation activity.
S9176	Pimpinellin	Pimpinellin is a furocoumarin that acts as antagonist of proteins with GABA receptor activity.
S9177	Gypenoside XLIX	Gypenoside XLIX, a naturally occurring gynosaponin, is a selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-alpha activator.
S9178	Sinapine thiocyanate	Sinapine thiocyanate is the thiocyanate salt form of Sinapine, which shows favorable biological activities such as antioxidant and radio-protective activities.
S9179	Catharanthine hemitartrate	Catharanthine hemitartrate is the starting material for the synthesis of the antitumor drugs vinblastine and vincristine.
S9180	Tussilagone	Tussilagone, isolated from the flower of buds of Tussilago farfara (Compositae), is a sesquiterpenoid that is used as a traditional oriental medicine for asthma and bronchitis. It shows anti-inflammatory activity in in vitro studies.
S9181	Periplocin	Periplocin (Periplocoside), extracted from the traditional herbal medicine cortex periplocae, has cardiac and anticancer activity. Periplocin could significantly boost proliferation, migration and stimulate collagen production in fibroblast L929 cells, which is dependent on activation of Src/ERK and PI3K/Akt pathways mediated by Na/K-ATPase, and thus promoting wound healing.
S9182	Crebanine	Crebanine, an aporphine alkaloid isolated from the crude hexane extract of the dried tuber of Stephania venosa, exhibits anti-cancer effects.
S9183	Ruscogenin	Ruscogenin, a major steroidal sapogenin of traditional Chinese herb Radix Ophiopogon japonicus, has been reported to exert significant anti-inflammatory and anti-thrombotic activities.
S9184	Forsythoside B	Forsythoside B is a phenylethanoid glycoside isolated from the leaves of Lamiophlomis rotata Kudo, a Chinese folk medicinal plant. Forsythoside B has potent neuroprotective effects and has anti-inflammation, antioxidant, and antisepsis properties. Forsythoside B could inhibit TNF-alpha, IL-6, IκB and modulate NF-κB.
S9185	Nitidine Chloride	Nitidine Chloride, a benzophenanthridine alkaloid found in species of the genus Zanthoxylum, has an anti-malarial activity.
S9455	Isorhamnetin 3-O-neohesperoside	Isorhamnetin 3-O-neohesperoside is the major active substance of Puhuang, a traditional herb medicine widely used in clinical practice to tackle many chronic diseases. It has signiﬁcant biological and pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, antiatherogenic and antimicrobial effects.
S9511	Crocin I	Crocin-I, a major member of the crocin family, has antidepressant activity and ameliorates the disruption of lipid metabolism and dysbiosis of the gut microbiota induced by chronic corticosterone in mice.
S9515	Polyphyllin VII	Polyphyllin VII (Y-0166), the the main member of polyphyllin family, shows strong anticancer activity against several carcinomas, including lung cancer, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, cervical cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma and osteosarcoma.
S5129	D-Aspartic acid	D-Aspartic acid (D-Asp, Aminosuccinic acid, asparagic acid, asparaginic acid) is an endogenous amino acid occurring in several tissues and cells of both invertebrates and vertebrates. It can regulate testosterone synthesis and may act on a stimulatory receptor (NMDA).
S9055	Salvianolic acid A	Salvianolic acid A (Dan Phenolic Acid A), a water-soluble compound extracted from Radix Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen), is an antioxidant and free radical scavenging compound that also acts as an inhibitor of the protein-protein interaction mediated by SH2 domains of Src-family kinases Src and Lck.
S9052	Auraptene	Auraptene (7-geranyloxycoumarin) is a natural coumarin derived from citrus plants and possesses valuable pharmacological properties, including anticarcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, antihelicobacter, antigenotoxic, and neuroprotective effects. Auraptene inhibits matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) as well as key inflammatory mediators, including IL-6, IL-8 and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand-5(CCL5).
S9045	Triptophenolide	Triptophenolide (Hypolide), derived from Tripterygium wilfordii, is a pan-antagonist for wild-type and mutant androgen receptors with the IC50 values of 260 nM for AR-WT, 480 nM for AR-F876L, 388 nM for AR-T877A, and 437 nM for W741C+T877A.
S9061	Hydroxy safflor yellow A	Hydroxy safflor yellow A, a monomer extracted from Carthamus tinctorius L., possesses various kinds of bio-activities, including anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory actions, anti-platelet aggregation, anti-tumor and anti-myocardial injury effects.
S9062	4-Hydroxyisoleucine	4-Hydroxyisoleucine, an atypical branched-chain amino acid derived from fenugreek, has effects on the glucose and lipid metabolism, stimulates glucose-dependent insulin secretion and reduces insulin resistance in muscle and/or liver.
S9063	Harringtonine	Harringtonine is a natural cephalotaxine alkaloid that inhibits protein biosynthesis. It also exhibits antiviral and anticancer activities.
S9064	Trilobatin	Trilobatin (P-Phlorizin), a natural flavonoid lipid molecule, is an HIV-1 entry inhibitor targeting the HIV-1 Gp41 envelope and exihibits anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effect.
S9065	Songorine	Songorine, a ubiquitous alkaloid in the genus Aconitum, is a novel antagonist of the GABAA receptor in rat brain and has antiarrhythmic, antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, regenerative and CNS-modulating properties.
S9066	Specnuezhenide	Specnuezhenide (Nuezhenide), one of the main ingredients of Chinese medicine, has anti-angiogenic and vision improvement effects.
S9067	Pseudoprotodioscin	Pseudoprotodioscin is a steroidal saponin from plants and exhibits anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities. Pseudoprotodioscin inhibits SREBP1/2 and microRNA 33a/b levels and reduces the gene expression regarding the synthesis of cholesterol and triglycerides.
S9068	Trillin	Trillin (Disogluside, Diosgenin glucoside) is an active ingredient isolated from Trillium tschonoshii Maxim and acts as a potential anti-inflammatory drug for chronic hepatic inflammation.
S9069	Jatrorrhizine chloride	Jatrorrhizine chloride (Neprotine, Yatrorhizine) is the hydrochloride salt form of jatrorrhizine, which is an inhibitor of AChE with IC50 of 872 nM and demonstrates >115-fold selectivity for AChE over BuChE.
S9070	Isoxanthohumol	Isoxanthohumol is one of the most important prenylflavonoids found in hops. It exhibits an antiproliferative activity against human breast cancer cell lines, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, and colon cancer cells. Isoxanthohumol shows an antiviral activity towards herpes viruses (HSV1 and HSV2) and bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV).
S9072	Sweroside	Sweroside, a bioactive herbal ingredient isolated from Fructus Corni, exhibits diverse biological activities, such as anti-fungal, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor effects.
S9073	Lithospermoside	Lithospermoside (Griffonin), extracted from the roots of Lithospermum purpurocaeruleum and L.officinale (Borginaceae), and Thalictrum rugosum and T. dasycarpum (Ranunculaceae), has anti-oxidant, anti-tumor promoting activities.
S9074	Buddlejasaponin IVb	Buddlejasaponin IVb (Saikosaponin 1b), a major component of Pleurospermum kamtschaticum, exerts anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic effects against cancer cells.
S9075	Mulberroside A	Mulberroside A, isolated from the ethanol extract of Morus alba roots, is widely employed as an active ingredient in cosmetic products due to its anti-tyrosinase and anti-oxidant activities. Mulberroside A decreases the expressions of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 and inhibits the activation of NALP3, caspase-1 and NF-κB and the phosphorylation of ERK, JNK and p38.
S9076	Typhaneoside	Typhaneoside is a flavonoid glycoside plant extract that has an inhibitory effect on the proliferation of human umbilical arterial smooth muscle cell(HUASMC).
S9077	Plantamajoside	Plantamajoside (Y0160, C10485), a hydroxycinnamic acid, is used as a biomarker in chemotaxonomical studies, and is a compound with numerous biological applications and considerable pharmacological potential.
S9078	Epigoitrin	Epigoitrin (Goitrin, BA-51-090278), the main bioactive constituent of Radix isatidis, exerts antiviral, anticancer, and antithyroid activities.
S9079	Ginsenoside Rb2	Ginsenoside Rb2 (Ginsenoside C) is a ginsenoside found in Panax ginseng that has a role as a plant metabolite, an antiviral agent and a hypoglycemic agent.
S9080	Anhydroicaritin	Anhydroicaritin (Cycloicaritin), a prenylated flavonoid natural product, is commonly recognized as one of the effective compounds of Epimedii Herba and exhibits a variety of biological activities, such as activation of cancer cell apoptosis and inhibition of growth, protection against beta amyloid-induced neurotoxicity, and promotion of neuronal and cardiac cellular differentiation. It is a potent inhibitor of transcription factor SREBPs.
S9081	Anemoside B4	Anemoside B4 (Pulchinenoside B4, Chinensioside A, Pulchinenoside C, Pulsatilla saponin B4), extracted from the herb of Pulsatilla chinensis (Bge.) Regel, is a potential antiviral constituent and inhibits the secretion of IL-10.
S9082	Manninotriose	Manninotriose, found in many foods, is a novel and important player in the RFO metabolism of red dead deadnettle.
S9083	Rhapontin	Rhapontin (Ponticin, Rhaponticin, Rhapontigenin glucoside), a stibene-type glycoside distributed widely in medicinal plants of Rheum genus (Polygonaceae), has anti-inflammatory effect and anti-proliferative activity.
S9084	Rhoifolin	Rhoifolin (Rhoifoloside, Apigenin 7-O-neohesperidoside, Apigenin-7-O-rhamnoglucoside), a natural glycoside of apigenin, has been obtained from the green leaves of Rhus succedanea and possesses a variety of significant biological activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective and anticancer effects.
S9085	Corynoline	Corynoline is one of the major active components of many ethnopharmacological plants and exhibits anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective activities, etc.
S9111	Isorhamnetin	Isorhamnetin (3-methylquercetin, 3'-Methoxyquercetin, Isorhamnetol), a natural flavonol aglycon, is a tyrosinase inhibitor and has antioxidant activity.
S9112	Kaempferitrin	Kaempferitrin (Lespenefril, Lespedin, Lespenephryl, Kaempferol 3,7-dirhamnoside), isolated from the leaves of Hedyotis verticillata and from Onychium japonicum, has antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities.
S9113	Ononin	Ononin (Formononetin glucoside, Formononetin 7-O-glucoside) is an isoflavone glycoside with anti-inflammtory effects.
S9101	Ingenol	Ingenol, a plant-derived diterpenoid, is a weak PKC activator and possesses important anticancer activity.
S9019	Quillaic acid	Quillaic acid is the major aglycone of the widely studied saponins of the Chilean indigenous tree Quillaja saponaria Mol and shows strong anti-inflammatory activity.
S9020	Dihydrotanshinone I	Dihydrotanshinone I (15,16-dihydrotanshinone I) is a naturally occurring compound extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, also known as Chinese sage, red sage root, and the Chinese herbal Dan Shen. It is a potent inhibitor of the HuR:RNA interaction, active in the low nanomolar range, mainly by limiting the association rate of HuR with RNA.
S9021	(20R)Ginsenoside Rg3	(20R)Ginsenoside Rg3 is extracted from traditional Chinese medicine, red ginseng. It has a role as an antioxidant and a plant metabolite.
S9022	20S-Ginsenoside Rg3	20S-Ginsenoside Rg3 is extracted from traditional Chinese medicine, red ginseng. It exihits neuromodulatory, cognition enhancing, anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, anti-angiogenic, and anticancer activities.
S9023	20S-Ginsenoside Rh2	20S-Ginsenoside Rh2 is a ginsenoside found in Panax species and inhibits cancer development, progression, and metastasis.
S9026	Hastatoside	Hastatoside is a characteristic constituent of V. officinalis and exhibit various biological activities including sleep-promoting, antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity.
S9029	Prim-o-glucosylcimifugin	Prim-O-glucosylcimifugin (Cimifugin beta-D-glucopyranoside, Cimifugin 7-glucoside) is a major constituent in Radix Saposhnikovia that has been long used for the treatment of pyrexia, rheumatism, and cancer in traditional Chinese medicine. It shows potential anticancer activity. Prim-O-glucosylcimifugin downregulates the mRNA and protein expression inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages in a concentration-dependent manner.
S9031	Gambogenic acid	Gambogenic Acid, identified from Gamboge, is an inhibitor of the FGFR signaling pathway in erlotinib-resistant non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and exhibits anti-tumor effects. Gambogenic acid acts is also an effective inhibitor of EZH2 that specifically and covalently binds to Cys668 within the EZH2-SET domain, and triggers EZH2 ubiquitination.
S9034	Isochlorogenic acid C	Isochlorogenic acid C (3,4-Dicaffeoylquinic acid; 4,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid), which is a di-O-caffeoyl derivative of chlorogenic acid, is a well-known antioxidant from herbal plants and shows anti-viral effects against EV71.
S9039	Albiflorin	Albiflorin, a natural product isolated from Paeoniae Radix, is a novel 5-HT and NE reuptake inhibitor with high selectivity.
S9040	Maslinic acid	Maslinic Acid (Crategolic Acid, 2α-Hydroxyoleanoic Acid), a Natural Triterpene, exerts a wide range of biological activities, i.e. antitumor, antidiabetic, antioxidant, cardioprotective, neuroprotective, antiparasitic and growth-stimulating. MA significantly suppresses the DNA-binding activity of NF-κB p65 in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells.
S9054	Pectolinarin	Pectolinarin is a major compound in Cirsium setidens with anti-inflammatory activity. Pectolinarin inhibits secretion of IL-6 and IL-8, as well as the production of PGE2 and NO. Pectolinarin induces apoptosis via inactivation of the PI3K/Akt pathway.
S9050	Boldine	Boldine, isolated from Peumus boldus, has alpha-adrenergic antagonist activities in vascular tissue with anti-oxidant, hepatoprotective, cytoprotective, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effects.
S9049	Parishin A	Parishin A, isolated from the rhizomes of Gastrodia elata, has good neuroprotective effects against brain disorders.
S9060	Nystose	Nystose (1,1-Kestotetraose, Fungitetraose), a constituent of seeds of onions and roots of Asparagus, is a low-calorie sweetening agent for food and chewing gum.
S9092	Norisoboldine	Norisoboldine (Laurelliptine), a natural aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonist, attenuates ulcerative colitis (UC) and induces the generation of Treg cells.
S9093	Nardosinone	Nardosinone, isolated from Nardostachys root, an important Chinese herbal medicine, is an enhancer of nerve growth factor and possesses a wide range of pharmacological effects, including sedative, adaptogen-like, anti-depressive, anti-leukemic, anti-tumorous, and anti-trypanosomal activities.
S9097	Alisol B Acetate	Alisol B acetate, a triterpene from Alismatis rhizoma, induces Bax up-regulation and nuclear translocation, the activation of initiator caspase-8 and caspase-9, and executor caspase-3, suggesting the involvement of both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis pathways.
S9098	Dehydrodiisoeugenol	Dehydrodiisoeugenol, a naturally occurring lignan from Aristolochia taliscana (Aristolochiaceae), acts as a potent anti-inflammatory agent and shows various pharmacological activities, including anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-bacteial function, and hepatic drug metabolism enzyme inhibition.
S9099	Orientin	Orientin (Lutexin, Luteolin-8-glucoside), isolated from medicinal plants, has various activities including anti-oxidant, anti-aging, anti-viral, anti-bacterial, anti-inflammation, vasodilatation and cardioprotective, antiadipogenesis, antinociceptive, radiation protective, neuroprotective, and antidepressant-like effects.
S9100	Fraxinellone	Fraxinellone is a natural product isolated from the D. dasycarpus plant, which has been shown to exhibit neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory activities.
S9102	Magnolin	Magnolin is a natural compound abundantly found in Magnolia flos targeting ERK1 (IC50=87 nM) and ERK2 (IC50=16.5 nM) and inhibits cell transformation induced by tumor promoters such as epidermal growth factor (EGF).
S9103	Ginsenoside Ro	Ginsenoside Ro (Chikusetsusaponin V), one of the high-abundance saponins in ginseng, is widely used as a dietary supplement and has many health-promoting effects.
S9104	Maltopentaose	Maltopentaose is a substrate for energy metabolism and carbon for E. coli.
S9105	Ginsenoside CK	Ginsenoside CK is a ginsenoside found in Panax species and has a role as a plant metabolite, an antineoplastic agent, a hepatoprotective agent, an anti-allergic agent and an anti-inflammatory agent.
S9108	Timosaponin A3	Timosaponin A3 (Filiferin B, AneMarsaponin A3), one of the major steroidal saponin components isolated from Anemarrhena asphodeloides, displays promising pharmacological activity in improving learning, memory, and antineoplastic activity.
S9056	Tuberostemonine	Tuberostemonine, a natural product found in Stemona phyllantha and Stemona tuberosa, is an alkaloid and a metabolite.
S9053	Irisflorentin	Irisflorentin derived from the roots of Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC. is an herb which has been used for the treatment of inflammatory disorders in traditional Chinese medicine.
S9051	Asperuloside	Asperuloside, an iridoid glycoside found in Herba Paederiae, is a component from traditional Chinese herbal medicine and exerts anti-inflammatory effect.
S9048	(+)-Gallocatechin	(+)-Gallocatechin, found notably in green tea, has moderate affinity to the human cannabinoid receptor and acts as an antioxidant.
S9057	Sinigrin	Sinigrin (Allylglucosinolate, 2-Propenylglucosinolate) is a glucosinolate found in some plants of the Brassicaceae family and exerts various activities including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, and wound healing effects.
S9058	Gallocatechin gallate	Gallocatechin galleate (GCG) is a polyphenol originally derived from a variety of sources, including green tea, coffee, safflower, and almonds.
S9086	Dihydrocapsaicin	Dihydrocapsaicin (6,7-Dihydrocapsaicin, 8-Methyl-N-vanillylnonanamide, CCRIS1589), found in pepper (C. annuum), is a potential nutriceutical.
S9088	Calycosin-7-O-beta-D-glucoside	Calycosin-7-O-beta-D-glucoside, an isoflavone glycoside isolated from A. mongholicus and A. membranaceus, has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective biological activities.
S9089	Magnoflorine	Magnoflorine (Escholin, Thalictrin), an important compound in Aristolochia, was usually used as an anxiolytic chemical. It shows significant antioxidant activity as a DPPH free radical scavenger and inhibits α-tyrosinase.
S9090	Corilagin	Corilagin, discovered in many medicinal plants such as Phyllanthus speices etc., has multiple activities including anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, hepatoprotective and others. It is an inhibitor of TNF-α.
S9091	10-Gingerol	10-Gingerol is a bioactive compound found in ginger with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity.
S9095	Senegenin	Senegenin (Tenuigenin) is a natural product from Polygala tenuifolia used in Chinese medicine with antioxidative and antiinflammatory activity.
S9096	ligustroflavone	Ligustroflavone (Nuezhenoside), isolated from the leaves of Turpinia montana, shows high antioxidant capacity and is reported to be an AMPK activator.
S9106	Eleutheroside E	Eleutheroside E, a principal component of Eleutherococcus senticosus (ES), has anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting NF-κB and protecting against myocardial infarction.
S9107	Glycitein	Glycitein is an aglycone isoflavone found in soy and red clover and exhibits a wide variety of beneficial properties, including neuroprotective, antioxidative, anticancer, anti-osteoporotic, and anti-atherosclerotic activities.
S9109	1-Kestose	1-Kestose (1F-beta-D-Fructosylsucrose), a fructooligosaccharide, could efficiently stimulates Faecalibacterium prausnitzii as well as Bifidobacteria in humans.
S9110	Morin	Morin (Al-Morin, Aurantica, Calico Yellow, Toxylon pomiferum), a constituent of various woods, has a role as an antioxidant, a metabolite, an antihypertensive agent, a hepatoprotective agent, a neuroprotective agent, an anti-inflammatory agent, an antineoplastic agent, an antibacterial agent, a DNA topoisomerase inhibitor and an angiogenesis modulating agent.
S4700	4-Aminobutyric acid (GABA)	4-Aminobutyric acid (4-Aminobutanoic acid, GABA, Gamma-aminobutyric acid, Piperidic acid) is a naturally occurring neurotransmitter with central nervous system (CNS) inhibitory activity.
S5580	Arabic gum	Arabic gum, derived from exudates of Acacia senegal or Acacia seyal trees, is a complex polysaccharide indigestible to both humans and animals and considered as a safe dietary fiber.
S3774	Dehydroandrographolide Succinate Potasium Salt	Dehydroandrographolide Succinate (DAS), extracted from herbal medicine Andrographis paniculata (Burm f) Nees, is widely used for the treatment of viral pneumonia and viral upper respiratory tract infections because of its immunostimulatory, anti-infective and anti-inflammatory effect.
S9008	20-Deoxyingenol	20-Deoxyingenol is a natural compound isolated from the seeds of Euphorbia lathyris L.
S5145	Protoporphyrin IX	Protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) is a heterocyclic organic compound, which consists of four pyrrole rings, and is the final intermediate in the heme biosynthetic pathway.
S5288	Estropipate	Estropipate (Piperazine estrone sulfate, Estrone sulfate piperazine salt, Pipestrone) is a natural estrogenic substance composed of estrone sulfate and piperazine and is used mainly in menopausal hormone therapy in the treatment of menopausal symptoms.
S3917	Tetrahydrocurcumin	Tetrahydrocurcumin (Tetrahydrodiferuloylmethane, Tetrahydro Curcumin), a major metabolite of curcumin, possesses strong antioxidant and cardioprotective properties.
S5675	Yamogenin	Yamogenin, a sapogenin found in fenugreek, inhibits lipid accumulation through the suppression of gene expression in fatty acid synthesis in hepatocytes.
S5373	Pseudolaric Acid B	Pseudolaric Acid B, a natural diterpenoid compound isolated from the root and trunk bark of Pseudolaric kaempferi Gordon, has anti-fungal and anti-fertility properties.
S5676	Zearalenone	Zearalenone (F2 toxin, RAL) is a non-steroidal estrogenic mycotoxin that acts by binding the estrogen receptor (ER).
S5678	trans-Zeatin-riboside	Zeatin Riboside 是天然的细胞分裂素中最活跃和最普遍的形式，可促进细胞分裂，刺激芽增殖，抑制根形成，减缓衰老过程并激活基因表达和代谢活性。Zeatin Riboside 通过激动哺乳动物的 adenosine A2A receptor 起到免疫调节作用。
S5705	Raceanisodamine	Raceanisodamine (7β-Hydroxyhyoscyamine) is the active ingredient of Chinese herbal extracts that has vasoactive activity used to treat acute disseminated intravascular coagulation in patients in bacteremic shock.
S3843	Madecassoside	Madecassoside (Asiaticoside A) is the main active triterpene constituent of Centella asiatica herbs, a traditional Chinese medicine for wound healing and scar management.
S5560	Midecamycin	Midecamycin (Espinomycin A, Medecamycin A1, Platenomycin B1, Rubimycin, Turimycin P3) is a naturally occuring macrolide antibiotic that acts by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis.
S5559	Tetrahydropalmatine	Tetrahydropalmatine, a plant alkaloid used as an ingredient in dietary supplement products, is a potent and selective D1 receptor antagonist.
S5466	Saikosaponin A	Saikosaponin A is a triterpene saponin derived from the medicinal plant, Bupleurum chinensis DC. (Umbelliferae). It has a variety of pharmacological benefits, including anti-inﬂammatory, immunomodulatory, and anti-bacterial activities.
S5622	Prohydrojasmon	Prohydrojasmon is a newly launched plant growth regulator, which has jasmonic acid activity.
S5493	Atropine sulfate	Atropine Sulfate (Sulfatropinol, Atropette, Tropintran) is the sulfate salt of atropine, which is a natural alkaloid anticholinergic agent and has potent antimuscarinic effects.
S5102	Stachyose	Stachyose is a natural sugar found in many foods like beans and vegetables.
S4545	Warfarin	Warfarin (Athrombine K, Coumadin, Coumafene, WARF 42, Zoocoumarin) is one of the most widely used anticoagulant drugs worldwide, used in the prevention of thrombosis and thromboembolism, the formation of blood clots in the blood vessels and their migration elsewhere in the body.
S3991	Ketoisophorone	Ketoisophorone (4-Oxoisophorone), also known as 4-Oxoisophorone, is the major component of saffron spice.
S3992	D-(+)-Trehalose dihydrate	Trehalose is a non-reducing sugar. It is thought to provide plants and animals with the ability to withstanding periods of dehydration.
S3993	Ethyl Vanillate	Ethyl vanillin (Bourbonal, Ethylprotal), a vanillin analog, is a flavouring agent and a fungicidal agent that exhibits strong antioxidant activity. Ethyl Vanillate inhibits 17β-HSD2 with an IC50 1.3 µM.
S3994	Methyl Cholate	Methyl Cholate (Cholic acid methyl ester) is methyl ester form of Cholic acid that is a primary bile acid mainly produced by the liver.
S3995	Guaiazulene	Guaiazulene (Azulon, Vetivazulen) is a bicyclic sesquiterpene that is a constituent of some essential oils, mainly oil of guaiac and chamomile oil, which also serve as its commercial sources.
S3996	Thioctic acid	Thioctic acid (DL-α-Lipoic acid) is a cyclic disulfide antioxidant that interconverts with its reduced dithiol form.
S3998	(+)-α-Lipoic acid	(+)-α-Lipoic acid ((R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid, α-Lipoic acid, Alpha-Lipoic acid), a physiological form of thioctic acid, is a strong antioxidant that relieves diabetic neuropathic symptoms. It shows superior antioxidative effects to its racemate. R(+)-α-lipoic acid is an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. R(+)-α-lipoic acid inhibits NF-κB-dependent HIV-1 LTR activation.
S5157	Thymol	Thymol (2-isopropyl-5-methylphenol, IPMP), a naturally occurring monocyclic phenolic compound derived from Thymus vulgaris (Lamiaceae), has been reported to exhibit anti-inflammatory property in vivo and vitro.
S5161	1-Octacosanol	1-Octacosanol (n-Octacosanol, Octacosyl alcohol, Octanosol, Montanyl alcohol, Cluytyl alcohol) is a straight-chain aliphatic 28-carbon primary fatty alcohol that is used as a nutritional supplement. It is reported to possess cholesterol-lowering effects, antiaggregatory properties, cytoprotective use, and ergogenic properties.
S5172	1-Triacontanol	1-Triacontanol (n-Triacontanol, Melissyl alcohol, Myricyl alcohol) is a fatty alcohol found in plant cuticle waxes and in beeswax. It is a growth stimulant for many plants, most notably roses.
S5143	Citropten	Citropten (5,7-Dimethoxycoumarin, Citroptene, Limettin, Limetin) is a natural organic compound which belongs to coumarins and derivatives class.
S5142	D-(+)-Melezitose	Melezitose (D-Melezitose, (+)-Melezitose, D-melicitose, (+)-melicitose, melicitose) is a nonreducing trisaccharide sugar that is produced by many plant sap eating insects.
S5141	Pyrithioxin	Pyrithioxin (Bonifen, Encefabol, Pyritinol, Vitamin B6 disulfide) is a neurotropic agent which reduces permeability of blood-brain barrier to phosphate. It has no vitamin B6 activity.
S5132	Casanthranol	Casanthranol is a purified mixture of te antranol glycosides derived from Cascara sagrada.
S5128	Orsellinic acid ethyl ester	Orsellinic acid (Ethyl Orsellinate), a phenolic acid, is of importance in the biochemistry of lichens, from which it can be extracted.
S4954	Djenkolic Acid	Djenkolic Acid (Jengkolic acid, Djenkolate, S,S'-Methylenebiscysteine) is a naturally occurring sulfur-containing amino acid extracted from djenkol beans. It is toxic to humans, often causing kidney failure.
S4827	Manganese chloride	Manganese chloride occurs in nature as the mineral. It is used as a precursor for other manganese compounds.
S4969	Tropine	Tropine (Pseudotropine, 3alpha-Tropanol) is a naturally occurring tropane alkaloid that serves as an intermediate in the synthesis of a variety of bioactive alkaloids, many of which have potent neurological actions.
S4940	Maltol	Maltol (Larixinic acid, Palatone, Veltol) is a naturally occurring organic compound that is flavour enhancer and flavouring agent.
S4859	TriacetonaMine	TriacetonaMine (Tempidon, Tmpone, Odoratine, Vincubine), a member of the class of compounds known as piperidinones, is an extremely weak acidic compound found in green vegetables and tea.
S4863	4-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid	4-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid (p-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid, parahydroxy phenylacetate), a chemical compound found in olive oil and beer, is an intermediate used to synthesize atenolol and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid.
S4864	2-Furoic acid	2-Furoic acid (2-Furancarboxylic acid, Pyromucic acid, 2-Carboxyfuran, α-furancarboxylic acid, α-furoic acid) is an organic compound most widely found in food products as a preservative and a flavoring agent.
S4949	Nonanoic acid	Nonanoic acid (Pelargonic acid, Nonoic acid) is a naturally occurring fatty acid found in both vegetable and animal fats.
S4862	Squalene	Squalene (Spinacene, Supraene, trans-Squalene), a naturally occurring substance found in plants, animals and humans, is a component of some adjuvants that is added to vaccines to enhance the immune response.
S4943	Isovanillin	Isovanillin (5-Formylguaiacol, 3-Hydroxy-p-anisaldehyde, 3-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde) is a reversible inhibitor of aldehyde oxidase. It is largely used as pharmaceutical intermediates and also applied in food and beverage industry, synthetic fragrances, chemical.
S4951	L-Threonine	L-Threonine is an essential amino acid which is in its active form. It is important for the formation of collagen, elastin, and tooth enamel, and aids liver and lipotropic function when combined with aspartic acid and methionine.
S4952	Fumaric acid	Fumaric acid (Fumarate, 2-Butenedioic acid, Trans-Butenedioic acid) is an intermediate in the citric acid cycle used by cells to produce energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) from food; also a product of the urea cycle.
S4953	Usnic acid	Usnic acid (Usniacin) is a furandione found uniquely in lichen that is used widely in cosmetics, deodorants, toothpaste and medicinal creams as well as some herbal products. It exhibits antiviral, antiprotozoal, antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity. Usnic acid inhibits breast tumor angiogenesis and growth by suppressing VEGFR2-mediated AKT and ERK1/2 signaling pathways.
S4960	Jasmone	Jasmone is a natural organic compound extracted from the volatile portion of the oil from jasmine flowers.
S4957	Linalool	Linalool (Phantol), a monoterpene compound commonly found as major component of essential oils of several aromatic species, is a competitive antagonist of NMDA receptors.
S4941	Farnesol	Farnesol is a natural sesquiterpene alcohol that is potent in treating antimetabolic disorders, anti-inflammation, showing antioxidant, anticancer, and antibiotic effects.
S5122	Abietic Acid	Abietic acid (Sylvic acid, Abietate, Rosin Acid), an abietane diterpenoid, inhibited soybean 5-lipoxygenase with an IC50 of 29.5 ± 1.29 μM.
S5126	Aleuritic Acid	Aleuritic Acid (Aleuritolic acid, 9,10,16-trihydroxy-palmitic acid), a major constituent acid of lac resin (shellac), is isolated from the resin and mainly used in the perfumery industry as a starting material for the preparation of "musk" aroma compounds as well as medicinal and bioactive compounds.
S5134	D(-)-Arabinose	D-Arabinose is a reducing sugar useful as a substrate in analysis of arabinose isomerases and synthesis of D-erythroascorbic acid in yeast.
S5135	Hydroferulic acid	Hydroferulic acid (Dihydroferulic acid, Dihydroconiferylic acid) is classified as a member of the phenylpropanoic acids. It is slightly soluble in water and acidic.
S4828	Sodium carbonate	Sodium Carbonate (Disodium carbonate, Soda Ash, Carbonic acid disodium salt) is the disodium salt of carbonic acid with alkalinizing property.
S4939	cis-Aconitic acid	Cis-Aconitic acid (cis-aconitate, Achilleic acid, Citridinic acid, Equisetic acid, Pyrocitric acid) is an intermediate in the tricarboxylic acid cycle produced by the dehydration of citric acid.
S4946	2,3-Dihydroxybenzoic acid	2,3-Dihydroxybenzoic acid (Pyrocatechuic acid, 3-Hydroxysalicylic acid, Hypogallic acid) is a natural phenol found in Phyllanthus acidus and in the aquatic fern Salvinia molesta, also a product of human aspirin metabolism. It is a potentially useful iron-chelating drug and has antimicrobial properties.
S4962	Agmatine sulfate	Agmatine sulfate is a bioactive metabolite of the arginine amino acid. It has been shown to increase nitric oxide, reduce blood sugar levels and even increase growth hormone levels.
S4893	Cytosine	Cytosine (4-Amino-2-hydroxypyrimidine, Cytosinimine) is one of the four main bases found in DNA and RNA used in storing and transporting genetic information within a cell.
S4958	Glycocholic acid	Glycocholic acid (Cholylglycine, Glycocholate) is a natural secondary bile acid involved in the emulsification of fats.
S4820	Diastase	Diastase, a natural enzyme, catalyses the breakdown of starch into maltose.
S4959	Skatole	Skatole (3-methylindole, Scatole) is a mildly toxic white crystalline organic compound that occurs naturally in feces. It has a fairly broad bacteriostatic effect.
S4963	Purpurin	Purpurin (1,2,4-Trihydroxyanthraquinone, Hydroxylizaric acid, Verantin) is one of the natural colorants extracted from madder roots and other Rubiaceae family plants. It exhibits anti-angiogenic, antifungal, antibiotic, and antioxidative activities. Purpurin strongly inhibits the activities of CYP1A1, CYP1A2 and CYP1B1.
S4966	4-Methylesculetin	4-methylesculetin is one of the coumarin derivatives with great anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. 4-Methylesculetin inhibits myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and reduces IL-6 level.
S4968	Cholesteryl Acetate	Cholesteryl Acetate (Acebrochol, Cholesterol, Cholesterin), present in diverse fluids, organs, and foods, is a natural and normal human cholesteryl ester.
S4830	Maltose	Maltose (Maltobiose, Malt Sugar, Beta-Maltose, D-Maltose), an non-essential nutrient that provides energy, is an intermediate in the intestinal digestion of glycogen and starch, and is found in germinating grains (and other plants and vegetables).
S5160	4-Methoxysalicylic acid	4-Methoxysalicylic acid (2-Hydroxy-p-anisic Acid), an arabinose derivative, is used in the synthesis of 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives.
S5162	Isovanillic acid	Isovanillic acid (Acide isovanillique, 3-Hydroxyanisic acid, 3-Hydroxy-p-anisic acid), a metabolite of isovanillin, is a selective inhibitor of aldehyde oxidase.
S5163	7-Methoxycoumarin	7-Methoxycoumarin (Herniarine), also known as Herniarin, is a methoxy derivative of coumarin and substrate for dealkylase. It has been used in the synthesis of anti-first-pass effect compounds and detergents.
S3950	Maltitol	Maltitol (Maltisorb, 4-O-α-glucopyranosyl-D-sorbitol) is a sugar alcohol (polyol) used as a sugar substitute. It is especially useful in the production of sweets, including sugarless hard candies, chewing gum, chocolates.
S3951	Tannic acid	Tannic acid (Gallotannic acid), a polyphenolic compound, is a CXCL12/CXCR4 inhibitor with antiangiogenic, anti-inflammatory and antitumor activity.
S5113	Propyl gallate	Propyl gallate (Gallic acid propyl esterZ, n-Propyl gallate) is an antioxidant used in foods especially animal fats and vegetable oils, also in a wide variety of cosmetics and beauty care products.
S4799	Indole-3-acetic acid	Indole-3-acetic acid (indolylacetic acid, 1H-Indole-3-acetic acid, indoleacetic acid, heteroauxin, IAA) is the most common plant hormone of the auxin class and it regulates various aspects of plant growth and development.
S5167	Benzyl cinnamate	Benzyl cinnamate (Cinnamein, Benzylcinnamoate, Benzyl 3-phenylpropenoate, Cinnamic acid benzyl ester), a flavouring agent isolated from various plant species, is used in heavy oriental perfumes and as a fixative.
S5168	Anthraquinone	Anthraquinones (Anthradio

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