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S1623 N-Acetylcysteine (NAC chemical, N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine) Acetylcysteine (N-acetyl-l-cysteine, NAC,N-acetylcysteine)は、プロテアソーム阻害剤の活性を阻害するROS(活性酸素種)阻害剤です。また、腫瘍壊死因子産生阻害剤でもあります。Acetylcysteine(N-acetyl-l-cysteine)は、IκBキナーゼの阻害を介してTNF誘導性のNF-κB活性化を抑制します。Acetylcysteine(N-acetyl-l-cysteine)は、ミトコンドリア依存性経路を介してapoptosisを誘導します。Acetylcysteine(N-acetyl-l-cysteine)は、ferroptosisvirus replicationを阻害します。溶液は不安定なので、新鮮に調製する必要があります。
Signal Transduct Target Ther, 2025, 10(1):341
J Exp Med, 2025, 222(3)e20241248
Adv Sci (Weinh), 2025, 12(36):e06150
Acetylcysteine-S162301Y0120181228.gif
S1046 Vandetanib バンデタニブは、細胞フリーアッセイにおいてIC50が40 nMの強力なVEGFR2阻害剤です。また、VEGFR3EGFRもそれぞれIC50が110 nMおよび500 nMで阻害します。PDGFRβ、Flt1、Tie-2、FGFR1には感受性がなく、IC50は1.1-3.6 μMです。MEK、CDK2、c-Kit、erbB2、FAK、PDK1、Akt、IGF-1Rに対しては10 μMを超えるIC50で活性がありません。バンデタニブ(ZD6474)は、reactive oxygen species (ROS)のレベルを上昇させることにより、apoptosisを増加させ、autophagyを誘導します。
Virulence, 2025, 16(1):2489751
bioRxiv, 2025, 2024.12.19.629395
Circulation, 2024, 150(7):563-576
Vandetanib-Zactima-S104601Z0220100601.gif
S7171 Setanaxib (GKT137831) Setanaxib (GKT137831, GKT831) is a potent, dual NADPH oxidase NOX1/NOX4 inhibitor with Ki of 110 nM and 140 nM, respectively. Treatment with GKT137831 suppresses reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. GKT137831 partly inhibits ferroptosis.
Immunity, 2025, S1074-7613(25)00069-X
Int J Biol Sci, 2025, 21(5):2313-2329
Immunity, 2024, 57(1):52-67.e10
GKT137831-S717101Z0320170505.gif
S2843 BI-D1870 BI-D1870は、無細胞アッセイにおいて、S6 ribosome for RSK1/2/3/4に対するATP競合的阻害剤であり、IC50はそれぞれ31 nM/24 nM/18 nM/15 nMです。MST2、GSK-3β、MARK3、CK1、Aurora BよりもRSKに対して10〜100倍の選択性を示します。BI-D1870は、活性酸素種(ROS)の産生、小胞体(ER)ストレスの増加、オートファジーの増加など、抗がん特性を示します。
J Biol Chem, 2025, 301(10):110643
Cells, 2024, 13(18)1546
Sci Rep, 2024, 14(1):9440
BI-D1870-S284301W1020170719.gif
S7309 BAY 87-2243 BAY 87-2243 is a potent and selective hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) inhibitor. BAY 87-2243 inhibits mitochondrial complex I activity, thus triggering a mitophagy-dependent ROS increase leading to necroptosis and ferroptosis. BAY 87-2243 exerts antitumor activity. Phase 1.
Cancer Sci, 2025, 116(8):2113-2124
Cancer Sci, 2025, 10.1111/cas.70102
Hum Reprod Open, 2024, 2024(1):hoae002
BAY-87-2243-S730901X0220170727.gif
S8639 DPI (Diphenyleneiodonium chloride) DPI (Diphenyleneiodonium chloride) is an inhibitor of NADPH oxidase and also a potent, irreversible, and time-, temperature-dependent iNOS/eNOS inhibitor. Diphenyleneiodonium chloride (DPI) also functions as a TRPA1 activator and selectively inhibits intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS).
Redox Biol, 2025, 80:103485
Sci Adv, 2025, 11(34):eadv6937
Exp Mol Med, 2024, 56(12):2602-2616
S8661 CA3 (CIL56) CA3 (CIL56) has potent inhibitory effects on YAP1/Tead transcriptional activity and primarily targets YAP1 high and therapy-resistant esophageal adenocarcinoma cells endowed with CSC properties. CA3(CIL56) induces ferroptosis and iron-dependent reactive oxygen species (ROS).
Gastric Cancer, 2025, 10.1007/s10120-025-01630-w
Viruses, 2025, 17(3)400
Sci Rep, 2025, 15(1):26968
S7551 Piperlongumine Piperlongumine (PPLGM, Piplartine), a natural alkaloid from Piper longum L., increases the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and selectively kills cancer cells. It is a direct TrxR1 inhibitor with suppressive activity against gastric cancer and a novel inhibitor of CRM1; also an inhibitor of PI3K/Akt/mTOR in human breast cancer cells.
Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis, 2025, 1871(3):167687
Eur J Pharmacol, 2025, 997:177478
PLoS One, 2025, 20(9):e0333127
Piperlongumine-S755101Z0620170727.gif
S2348 Rotenone ロテノンは、ミトコンドリア電子伝達の阻害剤である植物性殺虫剤です。ロテノンは、IC50がそれぞれ28.8 nMおよび5.1 nMで、NADH/DB酸化還元酵素およびNADH酸化酵素を阻害します。ロテノンは、ミトコンドリア活性酸素種の産生を促進することにより、アポトーシスを誘発します。ロテノンはパーキンソン病の動物モデルを誘発するために使用できます。
Nat Commun, 2025, 16(1):212
Dig Dis Sci, 2025, 10.1007/s10620-025-09412-1
Cell Rep Med, 2024, 5(5):101519
S8978 MitoQ (Mitoquinone) Mesylate MitoQ (Mitoquinone) mesylate is a TPP-based, mitochondria-targeted antioxidant that blocks H2O2-induced intracellular ROS responses and protects against oxidative damage. This product is a waxy solid.
Cancer Cell, 2025, 43(1):69-85.e11
Sci Adv, 2025, 11(35):eadw9952
bioRxiv, 2025, 2025.02.19.639120
S6871 Sodium oxamate Sodium oxamate (SO, Aminooxoacetic acid, Oxamic acid) is an inhibitor of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) that specificly inhibits LDH‑A. Sodium oxamate (SO) induces G2/M cell cycle arrest via downregulation of the CDK1/cyclin B1 pathway and promotes apoptosis through enhancement of mitochondrial ROS generation.
Adv Sci (Weinh), 2025, 12(8):e2411943
Nucleic Acids Res, 2025, 53(17)gkaf882
Cell Rep Med, 2025, 6(8):102292
S8615 Sodium Dichloroacetate (DCA) DCA (Sodium dichloroacetate), a specific inhibitor of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) with IC50 values of 183 and 80 μM for PDK2 and PDK4 respectively, has been shown to derepress Na+-K+-2Cl- cotransporter and a mitochondrial potassium-ion channel axis. Sodium dichloroacetate increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, triggers apoptosis in cancer cells, and inhibits tumor growth.
bioRxiv, 2025, 2025.04.03.647023
bioRxiv, 2025, 2025.08.24.671623
bioRxiv, 2025, 2023.08.11.552890
S5771 Sulforaphane Sulforaphane is a naturally occurring isothiocyanate derived from the consumption of cruciferous vegetables, such as broccoli, cabbage, and kale. It is an inducer of Nrf2. Sulforaphane is also an inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC) and NF-κB. Sulforaphane increases heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and reduces the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Sulforaphane induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.
J Clin Invest, 2025, 135(14)e176655
Sci Rep, 2025, 15(1):21271
BMC Cancer, 2025, 25(1):1050
S1630 Allopurinol Allopurinolは、痛風や腎臓結石の治療、尿酸値の低下に使用される、酵素キサンチンオキシダーゼのプリン類似体阻害剤です。
Biomaterials, 2023, 23(4)
J Exp Clin Cancer Res, 2023, 42(1):249
eNeuro, 2023, 10(10)ENEURO.0159-23.2023
S5804 N-Acetylcysteine amide (NACA) N-acetylcysteine amide is a membrane penetrating antioxidant with anti-inflamatory activity through regulation of activation of NF-κB and HIF-1α as well as modulation of ROS.
Pharmacol Res, 2025, 219:107902
iScience, 2025, 28(3):111964
Pharmacol Res Perspect, 2025, 13(3):e70120
S2271 Berberine chloride Berberine chlorideは、イソキノリンアルカロイド群の第四級アンモニウム塩です。Berberine chlorideは、caspase 3caspase 8を活性化し、poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP)の切断とcytochrome cの放出を促進します。Berberine chlorideは、c-IAP1Bcl-2、およびBcl-XLの発現を減少させます。Berberine chlorideは、JNKp38 MAPKの持続的なリン酸化およびROSの生成を伴うapoptosisを誘導します。Berberine chlorideは、デュアルtopoisomerase IおよびII阻害剤です。Berberine chlorideは、潜在的なautophagyモジュレーターでもあります。
J Cardiovasc Dev Dis, 2025, 12(7)278
Adv Healthc Mater, 2023, e2300591.
Transl Oncol, 2023, 35:101712
S8674 GO-203 TFA GO-203 is a D-amino acid cell-penetrating peptide inhibitor of MUC1-C dimerization and thereby its oncogenic function.
Clin Cancer Res, 2025, 31(24):5246-5260
JCI Insight, 2025, 10(14)e190924
Cell Death Discov, 2025, 11(1):372
S9687 H2DCFDA (DCFH-DA) H2DCFDA (DCFH-DA) is a cell-permeable probe used to detect intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. It is de-esterified intracellularly and turns to highly fluorescent 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein upon oxidation. It is used in sensitive and rapid quantitation of oxygen-reactive species in response to oxidative metabolism; microplate assay for detecting oxidative products in phagocytic cells, and quantitative multiwell myeloid differentiation assay.(Ex/Em=488/525 nm)
Nat Commun, 2024, 15(1):1750
J Exp Clin Cancer Res, 2023, 42(1):236
Free Radic Biol Med, 2023, 204:301-312
S7873 Disodium (R)-2-Hydroxyglutarate Disodium (R)-2-Hydroxyglutarate (D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium) is a competitive inhibitor of α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases with Ki of 0.628 mM.
NAR Cancer, 2025, 7(1):zcaf003
Nat Commun, 2023, 14(1):984
Cell Mol Immunol, 2022, 10.1038/s41423-022-00842-9
S1547 Febuxostat Febuxostat (TMX 67, TEI-6720)は、キサンチンオキシダーゼを選択的に阻害する化合物であり、Ki値は0.6 nMです。
Life Sci Alliance, 2025, 8(8)e202403191
Toxicol Sci, 2022, kfac073
J Proteome Res, 2021, 20(6):3134-3149
Febuxostat-S154701Z0420161107.gif
S2399 Dihydromyricetin Dihydromyricetin(アンペロプシン、アンペロプチン)は、Ampelopsis grossedentata由来の天然の抗酸化フラボノイドです。
Front Pharmacol, 2022, 13:932092
Molecules, 2021, 26(5)1210
Cell Signal, 2020, 65:109431
Dihydromyricetin-S239901W0120130409.gif
S4603 Gallic acid Gallic acid (3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid, Gallate, Benzoic acid), known as powerful antioxidants, is an organic acid found in a variety of foods and herbs.
iScience, 2024, 27(10):110862
Sci Rep, 2024, 14(1):14907
Sci Rep, 2024, 14(1):12971
S1631 Allopurinol Sodium Allopurinol Sodium は、IC50が7.82±0.12 μMのキサンチンオキシダーゼ阻害剤です。
eNeuro, 2023, 10(10)ENEURO.0159-23.2023
bioRxiv, 2023, 10.1101/2023.03.01.530588
J Reprod Immunol, 2021, 149:103457
S2332 Neohesperidin 柑橘類に含まれるフラバノングリコシドであるNeohesperidin(NSC 31048)は、抗酸化剤です。
J Nutr Biochem, 2024, 136:109804
Transl Oncol, 2023, 35:101712
Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci, 2021, 101461
S8974 GSK2795039 GSK2795039 is an inhibitor of NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) with pIC50 of 6.57 for NOX2-mediated activation of HRP/Amplex Red. GSK2795039 inhibits reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, NADPH consumption and reduces apoptosis.
Phytomedicine, 2024, 136:156283
Open Med (Wars), 2024, 19(1):20240898
Int J Mol Sci, 2023, 24(18)14369
S3631 (S)-Methylisothiourea sulfate (S)-Methylisothiourea sulfate is a potent inhibitor of inducible NO synthase (iNOS).
Free Radic Biol Med, 2025, 237:631-649
J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 2025, 392(7):103620
Sci Rep, 2024, 14(1):23988
S2605 Idebenone Idebenone (CV-2619) は、コエンザイムQ10 (CoQ10) の合成アナログであり、脳刺激剤です。
Molecules, 2025, 30(18)3772
Nature, 2024, 626(7998):411-418.
Science, 2022, 375(6586):1254-1261
S3238 Resibufogenin Resibufogenin (Bufogenin, Recibufogenin), a component of huachansu with anticancer effect, triggers necroptosis through upregulating receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIP3) and phosphorylating mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein at Ser358. Resibufogenin exerts cytotoxic effect by inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Resibufogenin induces apoptosis and caspase-3 and caspase-8 activity. Resibufogenin increases Bax/Bcl-2 expression, and suppresses cyclin D1, cyclin E, PI3K, p-AKT, p-GSK3β and β-catenin protein expression.
bioRxiv, 2025, 2025.07.17.665404
Research Square, 2024, 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3790060/v1
Phytomedicine, 2022, 102:154182
S3838 Carnosic acid Carnosic acid (Salvin) is a phenolic diterpene, endowed with antioxidative and antimicrobial properties. It is increasingly used within food, nutritional health and cosmetics industries.
ACS Sustain Chem Eng, 2023, 11(12):4727-4737
Am J Cancer Res, 2020, 1;10(5):1442-1454
J Reprod Dev, 2020, 10.1262/jrd.2020-086
S9021 (20R)Ginsenoside Rg3 (20R)Ginsenoside Rg3 is extracted from traditional Chinese medicine, red ginseng. It has a role as an antioxidant and a plant metabolite.
J Agric Food Chem, 2021, 69(21):6073-6086
Bioorg Chem, 2021, 111:104844
Environ Toxicol, 2020, 10.1002/tox.22899
S3885 Pyrogallol Pyrogallol (1,2,3-trihydroxybenzene), an organic compound belonging to the phenol family, used as a photographic film developer and in the preparation of other chemicals. It is known to be a superoxide anion generator and ROS inducer.
Life Sci, 2023, 329:121972
Parasit Vectors, 2020, 13(1):449
Parasites & Vectors, 2020, 449-2020)
S2062 Tiopronin Tioproninは、シスチン沈殿と排泄の速度を制御することにより、シスチン尿症の治療に使用される抗酸化剤です。
Nature, 2024, 629(8011):450-457
J Immunother Cancer, 2024, 12(11)e009805
S5452 Sanguinarine chloride Sanguinarine, a plant alkaloid, is a potent and specific protein phosphatase (PP) 2C inhibitor.
Cell Rep, 2023, 42(3):112186
Front Pharmacol, 2021, 12:638215
S4580 Hydroquinone Hydroquinone (Quinol, 1,4-Benzenediol, 1,4-Dihydroxybenzene, HQ) is a Melanin Synthesis Inhibitor. The physiologic effect of hydroquinone is by means of Depigmenting Activity. It also posesses antioxidant properties that can cause toxicity in several organs, notably the kidney.This product is a hazardous chemical (acute toxicity/flammable/skin corrosive). Please use it while wearing a protective face mask, gloves, and clothing.
Theranostics, 2022, 12(5):2063-2079
Neurotox Res, 2020, 2
S2369 Troxerutin ソフォラジャポニカから単離された天然のバイオフラボノイドであるTroxerutinは、多くの利点と薬効があることが報告されています。
J Immunother Cancer, 2024, 12(11)e009805
Food Funct, 2019, 10(8):5059-5069
S3616 Asiaticoside Asiaticoside (Ba 2742, BRN0078195, CCRIS8995, NSC166062, Emdecassol,Madecassol), the major active principle of Centella asiatica, prevents ultraviolet A-dependent photoaging by suppressing ultraviolet A-induced reactive oxygen species production. It also decreases DNA binding by MITF.
Med Sci Monit, 2020, 26:e924435
S6281 Sodium Thiocyanate Sodium Thiocyanate (NaSCN, Sodium rhodanide, Sodium sulfocyanate, Sodium rhodanate), one of the main sources of the thiocyanate anion, is used as a precursor for the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and other specialty chemicals. Sodium thiocyanate (NaSCN) reduces IL-6, whereas increases IL-10 levels. Sodium thiocyanate also reduces ROS.
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 2022, 2022:8315503
S3301 Cynarin Cynarin (Cynarine) is an artichoke phytochemical that possesses a variety of pharmacological features including free-radical scavenging, antioxidant, antihistamic and antiviral activities. Cynarin blocks the interaction between the CD28 of T-cell receptor and CD80 of antigen presenting cells. Cynarin triggers Nrf2 nuclear translocation, restores the balance of glutathione (GSH) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), and inhibits mitochondrial depolarization.
Int J Mol Med, 2025, 56(6)206
S5709 Norgestrel Norgestrel (WY-3707, SH-70850, SH-850, FH 122-A) is synthetic steroidal progestin that is used in combination with ethinyl estradiol for oral contraception. It also has strong neuroprotective activity.
Cancer Cell, 2025, 43(4):776-796.e14
E1961 NVL-655 (Neladalkib) NVL-655 is a selective inhibitor of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), with potential antineoplastic activity in the Ba/F3 xenograft model. It also exhibits significant inhibitory activity against ROS1, LTK, PYK2, TRKB, and FAK, with an IC50 ≤10-fold ALK and demonstrates high potency against specific ALK mutations, with an IC50 of <0.73 nM, 7 nM, 3 nM, 3 nM for G1202R, G1202R/L1196M, G1202R/G1269A and G1202R/L1198F respectively.
Pharm Res, 2025, 42(9):1497-1509
S3607 Sarsasapogenin Sarsasapogenin (SAR, Parigenin) is a steroidal sapogenin. It can provoke the generation of reactive oxygen species and activate unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling pathways. SAR potently inhibits NF-κB and MAPK activation, as well as IRAK1, TAK1, and IκBα phosphorylation in LPS-stimulated macrophages.
J Exp Clin Cancer Res, 2022, 41(1):174
S3578 Pyrroloquinoline quinone Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ, Methoxatin) is a natural anti-oxidant with anti-oxidative and anti-aging effects. Pyrroloquinoline quinone prevents estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis.Pyrroloquinoline quinone can alleviate allergic airway inflammation in mice by improving the immune microenvironment and regulating the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. This product has poor solubility, animal experiments are available, cell experiments please choose carefully!
Aging Cell, 2025, e70050.
S3205 Perillaldehyde Perillaldehyde (Perilladehyde, Perillal, PAE, PA), the main component of Perilla frutescens (a traditional medicinal antioxidant herb), inhibits BaP-induced AHR activation and ROS production, inhibits BaP/AHR-mediated release of the CCL2 chemokine, and activats the NRF2/HO1 antioxidant pathway.
Front Cell Dev Biol, 2025, 13:1598520
S3222 Raspberry ketone glucoside Raspberry ketone glucoside (RKG), a natural product in raspberry fruit, is an antioxidant that has the inhibitory effect on the melanin synthesis.
E0224 Chicoric acid Chicoric acid is an orally active dicaffeoyltartaric acid with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic properties. It induces ROS generation and triggers mitochondria-dependent apoptosis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes via PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathways. It also enhances glucose uptake and improves insulin resistance.
E8271New Sanguinarine citrate Sanguinarine (gluconate) is a benzophenanthridine alkaloid derived from the root of Sanguinaria canadensis. It activates reactive oxygen species (ROS), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) signaling pathways to induce apoptosis in head and neck tumor cells and animal models. It also exhibits potent anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory activities.
S7913 MCB-613 MCB-613 is a potent steroid receptor coactivator (SRC) stimulator.
S4017 Allylthiourea Allylthiourea は、アンモニア酸化を選択的に阻害する代謝阻害剤です。
S3590 Triolein Triolein is an inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and reduces both the expression of IL-6 and ROS generation in irradiated keratinocytes.
S4853 Ecabet sodium Ecabet sodium (TA-2711, TA-2711E) is a widely employed mucoprotective agent for the treatment of gastric ulcers.
S0947 Cafestol Cafestol is a natural diterpenes extracted from coffee beans. Cafestol induces apoptosis and regulates a variety of inflammatory mediators to reduce inflammation. Cafestol inhibits PI3K/Akt pathway. Cafestol also can reduce the production of ROS in the leukemia cell line HL60.
S3816 Dehydroevodiamine Dehydroevodiamine (DHED), a constituent of Evodia rutaecarpa, has various biological effects such as hypotensive, negative chronotropic, ion channel depressant, inhibition of nitric oxide production and cerebral blood flow enhancing activities. Dehydroevodiamine inhibits LPS-induced iNOS, COX-2, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) expression in murine macrophage cells.
S4970 Nerol Nerol (Cis-Geraniol, Neryl alcohol) is a monoterpene found in many essential oils such as lemongrass and hops.
E1508 APG-2449 APG-2449 is an orally active inhibitor of ALK/ROS1/FAK. APG-2449 exerts potent and durable antitumor activity in human non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and ovarian tumor models.
S5314 HTHQ (1-O-Hexyl-2,3,5-trimethylhydroquinone) HTHQ (1-O-Hexyl-2,3,5-trimethylhydroquinone), which is a hydroquinone monoalkylether, is a potent anti-oxidative and anti-lipid-peroxidative agent.
S0056 (E/Z)-BCI (E/Z)-BCI (BCI, NSC 150117) is an inhibitor of dual specific phosphatase 1/6 (DUSP1/DUSP6) and mitogen-activated protein kinase with EC50 of 13.3 μM and 8.0 μM for DUSP6 and DUSP1 in cells, respectively. (E)-BCI induces apoptosis via generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and activation of intrinsic mitochondrial pathway in H1299 lung cancer cells.
S0770 Camalexin Camalexin, a phytoalexin isolated from Camelina sativa and Arabidopsis (Cruciferae), can induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Camalexin has antibacterial, antifungal, antiproliferative and anticancer activities.
S5263 Pyrroloquinoline Quinone Disodium Salt Pyrroloquinoline quinone (methoxatin disodium salt), an aromatic tricyclic o-quinone, is a redox cofactor for bacterial dehydrogenases. It is an efficient electron transfer catalyst from a number of organic substrates to molecular oxygen (O2), constructing quinoprotein model reactions.
S3840 Baohuoside I Baohuoside I (Icariside II) is a flavonoid isolated from Epimedium koreanum Nakai with anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities. It may exert cytotoxic effect via the ROS/MAPK pathway.
S3973 L-SelenoMethionine L-SelenoMethionine (SeMet), a naturally occurring amino acid, is a major food-form of selenium. It has been used as a supplement, and exhibits some important functions like cancer prevention and antioxidative defense.
S6920 SEA0400 SEA0400 is a selective and potent inhibitor of the Na+-Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) that inhibits Na+-dependent Ca2+ uptake in cultured neurons, astrocytes, and microglia with IC50 of 33 nM, 5.0 nM and 8.3 nM, respectively. SEA0400 prevents sodium nitroprusside (SNP) from increasing ERK and p38 MAPK phosphorylation and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in an extracellular Ca(2+)-dependent manner.
S9034 Isochlorogenic acid C Isochlorogenic acid C (3,4-Dicaffeoylquinic acid; 4,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid), which is a di-O-caffeoyl derivative of chlorogenic acid, is a well-known antioxidant from herbal plants and shows anti-viral effects against EV71.
S4263 Efaproxiral Sodium Efaproxiral Sodium(RSR13 Sodium)は、乳がん由来の脳転移に用いられる、ヘモグロビンの合成アロステリック修飾因子です。
S3357 Elaidic acid

Elaidic acid is a major trans fatty acid that inhibits cell viability, elevates cell apoptosis by enhancing oxidative stress. Elaidic acid can be used as a pharmaceutical solvent.

S9107 Glycitein Glycitein is an aglycone isoflavone found in soy and red clover and exhibits a wide variety of beneficial properties, including neuroprotective, antioxidative, anticancer, anti-osteoporotic, and anti-atherosclerotic activities.
S9611 ABTL-0812 ABTL0812 (α-Hydroxylinoleic acid, LP-10218, SCLN-0812) inhibits Akt/mTOR axis by inducing the overexpression of TRIB3 and activating autophagy in lung squamous carcinoma cell lines. ABTL0812 also induces AMPK activation and ROS accumulation.
S4511 6-Benzylaminopurine 6-Benzylaminopurine is a first-generation synthetic cytokinin which could regulate the activities of the antioxidant defense system of plants.Its treatment elicits plant growth and development.
S5584 Citronellol Citronellol (Dihydrogeraniol, (±)-β-Citronellol), a constituent of rose and geranium oils, is used in perfumes and insect repellents. Citronellol can cause necrotic apoptosis of NCI-H1299 cells by up-regulating TNF-α, RIP1 / RIP3 activities, and down-regulating caspase-3 / caspase-8 activities. Citronellol also results in a biphasic increase in ROS production at 1 h and at 12 h in NCI-H1299 cells.
E7174 D-α-Tocopherol Succinate D-α-tocopherol succinate (Vitamin E succinate) is an antioxidant tocopherol and a salt form of vitamin E that significantly reduces the cisplatin-induced increase of ROS and decreases cellular necrosis and late apoptosis, thereby inhibiting cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity in HEIOC1 cells. It also exhibits an anti-apoptotic effect.
S4419 Ensulizole Ensulizole (PBSA), a water soluble sunscreen ingredient, is a sulfonated UV absorber which is characterized by intense UVB and partial UVA absorption. Ensulizole can damage the DNA through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon UV or sunlight irradiation.
S4425 Rifamycin S Rifamycin S, a quinone and an antibiotic against Gram-positive bacteria (including MRSA), is a clinical drug used to treat tuberculosis and leprosy. Rifamycin S generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inhibits microsomal lipid peroxidation.
S1623 N-Acetylcysteine (NAC chemical, N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine) Acetylcysteine (N-acetyl-l-cysteine, NAC,N-acetylcysteine)は、プロテアソーム阻害剤の活性を阻害するROS(活性酸素種)阻害剤です。また、腫瘍壊死因子産生阻害剤でもあります。Acetylcysteine(N-acetyl-l-cysteine)は、IκBキナーゼの阻害を介してTNF誘導性のNF-κB活性化を抑制します。Acetylcysteine(N-acetyl-l-cysteine)は、ミトコンドリア依存性経路を介してapoptosisを誘導します。Acetylcysteine(N-acetyl-l-cysteine)は、ferroptosisvirus replicationを阻害します。溶液は不安定なので、新鮮に調製する必要があります。
Signal Transduct Target Ther, 2025, 10(1):341
J Exp Med, 2025, 222(3)e20241248
Adv Sci (Weinh), 2025, 12(36):e06150
Acetylcysteine-S162301Y0120181228.gif
S7171 Setanaxib (GKT137831) Setanaxib (GKT137831, GKT831) is a potent, dual NADPH oxidase NOX1/NOX4 inhibitor with Ki of 110 nM and 140 nM, respectively. Treatment with GKT137831 suppresses reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. GKT137831 partly inhibits ferroptosis.
Immunity, 2025, S1074-7613(25)00069-X
Int J Biol Sci, 2025, 21(5):2313-2329
Immunity, 2024, 57(1):52-67.e10
GKT137831-S717101Z0320170505.gif
S8639 DPI (Diphenyleneiodonium chloride) DPI (Diphenyleneiodonium chloride) is an inhibitor of NADPH oxidase and also a potent, irreversible, and time-, temperature-dependent iNOS/eNOS inhibitor. Diphenyleneiodonium chloride (DPI) also functions as a TRPA1 activator and selectively inhibits intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS).
Redox Biol, 2025, 80:103485
Sci Adv, 2025, 11(34):eadv6937
Exp Mol Med, 2024, 56(12):2602-2616
S8978 MitoQ (Mitoquinone) Mesylate MitoQ (Mitoquinone) mesylate is a TPP-based, mitochondria-targeted antioxidant that blocks H2O2-induced intracellular ROS responses and protects against oxidative damage. This product is a waxy solid.
Cancer Cell, 2025, 43(1):69-85.e11
Sci Adv, 2025, 11(35):eadw9952
bioRxiv, 2025, 2025.02.19.639120
S5771 Sulforaphane Sulforaphane is a naturally occurring isothiocyanate derived from the consumption of cruciferous vegetables, such as broccoli, cabbage, and kale. It is an inducer of Nrf2. Sulforaphane is also an inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC) and NF-κB. Sulforaphane increases heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and reduces the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Sulforaphane induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.
J Clin Invest, 2025, 135(14)e176655
Sci Rep, 2025, 15(1):21271
BMC Cancer, 2025, 25(1):1050
S1630 Allopurinol Allopurinolは、痛風や腎臓結石の治療、尿酸値の低下に使用される、酵素キサンチンオキシダーゼのプリン類似体阻害剤です。
Biomaterials, 2023, 23(4)
J Exp Clin Cancer Res, 2023, 42(1):249
eNeuro, 2023, 10(10)ENEURO.0159-23.2023
S1547 Febuxostat Febuxostat (TMX 67, TEI-6720)は、キサンチンオキシダーゼを選択的に阻害する化合物であり、Ki値は0.6 nMです。
Life Sci Alliance, 2025, 8(8)e202403191
Toxicol Sci, 2022, kfac073
J Proteome Res, 2021, 20(6):3134-3149
Febuxostat-S154701Z0420161107.gif
S4603 Gallic acid Gallic acid (3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid, Gallate, Benzoic acid), known as powerful antioxidants, is an organic acid found in a variety of foods and herbs.
iScience, 2024, 27(10):110862
Sci Rep, 2024, 14(1):14907
Sci Rep, 2024, 14(1):12971
S1631 Allopurinol Sodium Allopurinol Sodium は、IC50が7.82±0.12 μMのキサンチンオキシダーゼ阻害剤です。
eNeuro, 2023, 10(10)ENEURO.0159-23.2023
bioRxiv, 2023, 10.1101/2023.03.01.530588
J Reprod Immunol, 2021, 149:103457
S8974 GSK2795039 GSK2795039 is an inhibitor of NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) with pIC50 of 6.57 for NOX2-mediated activation of HRP/Amplex Red. GSK2795039 inhibits reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, NADPH consumption and reduces apoptosis.
Phytomedicine, 2024, 136:156283
Open Med (Wars), 2024, 19(1):20240898
Int J Mol Sci, 2023, 24(18)14369
S3631 (S)-Methylisothiourea sulfate (S)-Methylisothiourea sulfate is a potent inhibitor of inducible NO synthase (iNOS).
Free Radic Biol Med, 2025, 237:631-649
J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 2025, 392(7):103620
Sci Rep, 2024, 14(1):23988
S2369 Troxerutin ソフォラジャポニカから単離された天然のバイオフラボノイドであるTroxerutinは、多くの利点と薬効があることが報告されています。
J Immunother Cancer, 2024, 12(11)e009805
Food Funct, 2019, 10(8):5059-5069
S3616 Asiaticoside Asiaticoside (Ba 2742, BRN0078195, CCRIS8995, NSC166062, Emdecassol,Madecassol), the major active principle of Centella asiatica, prevents ultraviolet A-dependent photoaging by suppressing ultraviolet A-induced reactive oxygen species production. It also decreases DNA binding by MITF.
Med Sci Monit, 2020, 26:e924435
S6281 Sodium Thiocyanate Sodium Thiocyanate (NaSCN, Sodium rhodanide, Sodium sulfocyanate, Sodium rhodanate), one of the main sources of the thiocyanate anion, is used as a precursor for the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and other specialty chemicals. Sodium thiocyanate (NaSCN) reduces IL-6, whereas increases IL-10 levels. Sodium thiocyanate also reduces ROS.
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 2022, 2022:8315503
E1961 NVL-655 (Neladalkib) NVL-655 is a selective inhibitor of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), with potential antineoplastic activity in the Ba/F3 xenograft model. It also exhibits significant inhibitory activity against ROS1, LTK, PYK2, TRKB, and FAK, with an IC50 ≤10-fold ALK and demonstrates high potency against specific ALK mutations, with an IC50 of <0.73 nM, 7 nM, 3 nM, 3 nM for G1202R, G1202R/L1196M, G1202R/G1269A and G1202R/L1198F respectively.
Pharm Res, 2025, 42(9):1497-1509
S3578 Pyrroloquinoline quinone Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ, Methoxatin) is a natural anti-oxidant with anti-oxidative and anti-aging effects. Pyrroloquinoline quinone prevents estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis.Pyrroloquinoline quinone can alleviate allergic airway inflammation in mice by improving the immune microenvironment and regulating the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. This product has poor solubility, animal experiments are available, cell experiments please choose carefully!
Aging Cell, 2025, e70050.
S3205 Perillaldehyde Perillaldehyde (Perilladehyde, Perillal, PAE, PA), the main component of Perilla frutescens (a traditional medicinal antioxidant herb), inhibits BaP-induced AHR activation and ROS production, inhibits BaP/AHR-mediated release of the CCL2 chemokine, and activats the NRF2/HO1 antioxidant pathway.
Front Cell Dev Biol, 2025, 13:1598520
S4017 Allylthiourea Allylthiourea は、アンモニア酸化を選択的に阻害する代謝阻害剤です。
S3590 Triolein Triolein is an inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and reduces both the expression of IL-6 and ROS generation in irradiated keratinocytes.
S4853 Ecabet sodium Ecabet sodium (TA-2711, TA-2711E) is a widely employed mucoprotective agent for the treatment of gastric ulcers.
S0947 Cafestol Cafestol is a natural diterpenes extracted from coffee beans. Cafestol induces apoptosis and regulates a variety of inflammatory mediators to reduce inflammation. Cafestol inhibits PI3K/Akt pathway. Cafestol also can reduce the production of ROS in the leukemia cell line HL60.
S3816 Dehydroevodiamine Dehydroevodiamine (DHED), a constituent of Evodia rutaecarpa, has various biological effects such as hypotensive, negative chronotropic, ion channel depressant, inhibition of nitric oxide production and cerebral blood flow enhancing activities. Dehydroevodiamine inhibits LPS-induced iNOS, COX-2, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) expression in murine macrophage cells.
E1508 APG-2449 APG-2449 is an orally active inhibitor of ALK/ROS1/FAK. APG-2449 exerts potent and durable antitumor activity in human non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and ovarian tumor models.
S3973 L-SelenoMethionine L-SelenoMethionine (SeMet), a naturally occurring amino acid, is a major food-form of selenium. It has been used as a supplement, and exhibits some important functions like cancer prevention and antioxidative defense.
S6920 SEA0400 SEA0400 is a selective and potent inhibitor of the Na+-Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) that inhibits Na+-dependent Ca2+ uptake in cultured neurons, astrocytes, and microglia with IC50 of 33 nM, 5.0 nM and 8.3 nM, respectively. SEA0400 prevents sodium nitroprusside (SNP) from increasing ERK and p38 MAPK phosphorylation and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in an extracellular Ca(2+)-dependent manner.
S9107 Glycitein Glycitein is an aglycone isoflavone found in soy and red clover and exhibits a wide variety of beneficial properties, including neuroprotective, antioxidative, anticancer, anti-osteoporotic, and anti-atherosclerotic activities.
S1046 Vandetanib バンデタニブは、細胞フリーアッセイにおいてIC50が40 nMの強力なVEGFR2阻害剤です。また、VEGFR3EGFRもそれぞれIC50が110 nMおよび500 nMで阻害します。PDGFRβ、Flt1、Tie-2、FGFR1には感受性がなく、IC50は1.1-3.6 μMです。MEK、CDK2、c-Kit、erbB2、FAK、PDK1、Akt、IGF-1Rに対しては10 μMを超えるIC50で活性がありません。バンデタニブ(ZD6474)は、reactive oxygen species (ROS)のレベルを上昇させることにより、apoptosisを増加させ、autophagyを誘導します。
Virulence, 2025, 16(1):2489751
bioRxiv, 2025, 2024.12.19.629395
Circulation, 2024, 150(7):563-576
Vandetanib-Zactima-S104601Z0220100601.gif
S2843 BI-D1870 BI-D1870は、無細胞アッセイにおいて、S6 ribosome for RSK1/2/3/4に対するATP競合的阻害剤であり、IC50はそれぞれ31 nM/24 nM/18 nM/15 nMです。MST2、GSK-3β、MARK3、CK1、Aurora BよりもRSKに対して10〜100倍の選択性を示します。BI-D1870は、活性酸素種(ROS)の産生、小胞体(ER)ストレスの増加、オートファジーの増加など、抗がん特性を示します。
J Biol Chem, 2025, 301(10):110643
Cells, 2024, 13(18)1546
Sci Rep, 2024, 14(1):9440
BI-D1870-S284301W1020170719.gif
S7309 BAY 87-2243 BAY 87-2243 is a potent and selective hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) inhibitor. BAY 87-2243 inhibits mitochondrial complex I activity, thus triggering a mitophagy-dependent ROS increase leading to necroptosis and ferroptosis. BAY 87-2243 exerts antitumor activity. Phase 1.
Cancer Sci, 2025, 116(8):2113-2124
Cancer Sci, 2025, 10.1111/cas.70102
Hum Reprod Open, 2024, 2024(1):hoae002
BAY-87-2243-S730901X0220170727.gif
S8661 CA3 (CIL56) CA3 (CIL56) has potent inhibitory effects on YAP1/Tead transcriptional activity and primarily targets YAP1 high and therapy-resistant esophageal adenocarcinoma cells endowed with CSC properties. CA3(CIL56) induces ferroptosis and iron-dependent reactive oxygen species (ROS).
Gastric Cancer, 2025, 10.1007/s10120-025-01630-w
Viruses, 2025, 17(3)400
Sci Rep, 2025, 15(1):26968
S2348 Rotenone ロテノンは、ミトコンドリア電子伝達の阻害剤である植物性殺虫剤です。ロテノンは、IC50がそれぞれ28.8 nMおよび5.1 nMで、NADH/DB酸化還元酵素およびNADH酸化酵素を阻害します。ロテノンは、ミトコンドリア活性酸素種の産生を促進することにより、アポトーシスを誘発します。ロテノンはパーキンソン病の動物モデルを誘発するために使用できます。
Nat Commun, 2025, 16(1):212
Dig Dis Sci, 2025, 10.1007/s10620-025-09412-1
Cell Rep Med, 2024, 5(5):101519
S6871 Sodium oxamate Sodium oxamate (SO, Aminooxoacetic acid, Oxamic acid) is an inhibitor of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) that specificly inhibits LDH‑A. Sodium oxamate (SO) induces G2/M cell cycle arrest via downregulation of the CDK1/cyclin B1 pathway and promotes apoptosis through enhancement of mitochondrial ROS generation.
Adv Sci (Weinh), 2025, 12(8):e2411943
Nucleic Acids Res, 2025, 53(17)gkaf882
Cell Rep Med, 2025, 6(8):102292
S8615 Sodium Dichloroacetate (DCA) DCA (Sodium dichloroacetate), a specific inhibitor of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) with IC50 values of 183 and 80 μM for PDK2 and PDK4 respectively, has been shown to derepress Na+-K+-2Cl- cotransporter and a mitochondrial potassium-ion channel axis. Sodium dichloroacetate increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, triggers apoptosis in cancer cells, and inhibits tumor growth.
bioRxiv, 2025, 2025.04.03.647023
bioRxiv, 2025, 2025.08.24.671623
bioRxiv, 2025, 2023.08.11.552890
S2271 Berberine chloride Berberine chlorideは、イソキノリンアルカロイド群の第四級アンモニウム塩です。Berberine chlorideは、caspase 3caspase 8を活性化し、poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP)の切断とcytochrome cの放出を促進します。Berberine chlorideは、c-IAP1Bcl-2、およびBcl-XLの発現を減少させます。Berberine chlorideは、JNKp38 MAPKの持続的なリン酸化およびROSの生成を伴うapoptosisを誘導します。Berberine chlorideは、デュアルtopoisomerase IおよびII阻害剤です。Berberine chlorideは、潜在的なautophagyモジュレーターでもあります。
J Cardiovasc Dev Dis, 2025, 12(7)278
Adv Healthc Mater, 2023, e2300591.
Transl Oncol, 2023, 35:101712
S7873 Disodium (R)-2-Hydroxyglutarate Disodium (R)-2-Hydroxyglutarate (D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium) is a competitive inhibitor of α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases with Ki of 0.628 mM.
NAR Cancer, 2025, 7(1):zcaf003
Nat Commun, 2023, 14(1):984
Cell Mol Immunol, 2022, 10.1038/s41423-022-00842-9
S3238 Resibufogenin Resibufogenin (Bufogenin, Recibufogenin), a component of huachansu with anticancer effect, triggers necroptosis through upregulating receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIP3) and phosphorylating mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein at Ser358. Resibufogenin exerts cytotoxic effect by inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Resibufogenin induces apoptosis and caspase-3 and caspase-8 activity. Resibufogenin increases Bax/Bcl-2 expression, and suppresses cyclin D1, cyclin E, PI3K, p-AKT, p-GSK3β and β-catenin protein expression.
bioRxiv, 2025, 2025.07.17.665404
Research Square, 2024, 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3790060/v1
Phytomedicine, 2022, 102:154182
S5452 Sanguinarine chloride Sanguinarine, a plant alkaloid, is a potent and specific protein phosphatase (PP) 2C inhibitor.
Cell Rep, 2023, 42(3):112186
Front Pharmacol, 2021, 12:638215
S3607 Sarsasapogenin Sarsasapogenin (SAR, Parigenin) is a steroidal sapogenin. It can provoke the generation of reactive oxygen species and activate unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling pathways. SAR potently inhibits NF-κB and MAPK activation, as well as IRAK1, TAK1, and IκBα phosphorylation in LPS-stimulated macrophages.
J Exp Clin Cancer Res, 2022, 41(1):174
E8271New Sanguinarine citrate Sanguinarine (gluconate) is a benzophenanthridine alkaloid derived from the root of Sanguinaria canadensis. It activates reactive oxygen species (ROS), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) signaling pathways to induce apoptosis in head and neck tumor cells and animal models. It also exhibits potent anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory activities.
S7913 MCB-613 MCB-613 is a potent steroid receptor coactivator (SRC) stimulator.
S0056 (E/Z)-BCI (E/Z)-BCI (BCI, NSC 150117) is an inhibitor of dual specific phosphatase 1/6 (DUSP1/DUSP6) and mitogen-activated protein kinase with EC50 of 13.3 μM and 8.0 μM for DUSP6 and DUSP1 in cells, respectively. (E)-BCI induces apoptosis via generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and activation of intrinsic mitochondrial pathway in H1299 lung cancer cells.
S0770 Camalexin Camalexin, a phytoalexin isolated from Camelina sativa and Arabidopsis (Cruciferae), can induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Camalexin has antibacterial, antifungal, antiproliferative and anticancer activities.
S5263 Pyrroloquinoline Quinone Disodium Salt Pyrroloquinoline quinone (methoxatin disodium salt), an aromatic tricyclic o-quinone, is a redox cofactor for bacterial dehydrogenases. It is an efficient electron transfer catalyst from a number of organic substrates to molecular oxygen (O2), constructing quinoprotein model reactions.
S3357 Elaidic acid

Elaidic acid is a major trans fatty acid that inhibits cell viability, elevates cell apoptosis by enhancing oxidative stress. Elaidic acid can be used as a pharmaceutical solvent.

S9611 ABTL-0812 ABTL0812 (α-Hydroxylinoleic acid, LP-10218, SCLN-0812) inhibits Akt/mTOR axis by inducing the overexpression of TRIB3 and activating autophagy in lung squamous carcinoma cell lines. ABTL0812 also induces AMPK activation and ROS accumulation.
S5584 Citronellol Citronellol (Dihydrogeraniol, (±)-β-Citronellol), a constituent of rose and geranium oils, is used in perfumes and insect repellents. Citronellol can cause necrotic apoptosis of NCI-H1299 cells by up-regulating TNF-α, RIP1 / RIP3 activities, and down-regulating caspase-3 / caspase-8 activities. Citronellol also results in a biphasic increase in ROS production at 1 h and at 12 h in NCI-H1299 cells.
S4425 Rifamycin S Rifamycin S, a quinone and an antibiotic against Gram-positive bacteria (including MRSA), is a clinical drug used to treat tuberculosis and leprosy. Rifamycin S generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inhibits microsomal lipid peroxidation.
S5804 N-Acetylcysteine amide (NACA) N-acetylcysteine amide is a membrane penetrating antioxidant with anti-inflamatory activity through regulation of activation of NF-κB and HIF-1α as well as modulation of ROS.
Pharmacol Res, 2025, 219:107902
iScience, 2025, 28(3):111964
Pharmacol Res Perspect, 2025, 13(3):e70120
S2399 Dihydromyricetin Dihydromyricetin(アンペロプシン、アンペロプチン)は、Ampelopsis grossedentata由来の天然の抗酸化フラボノイドです。
Front Pharmacol, 2022, 13:932092
Molecules, 2021, 26(5)1210
Cell Signal, 2020, 65:109431
Dihydromyricetin-S239901W0120130409.gif
S3301 Cynarin Cynarin (Cynarine) is an artichoke phytochemical that possesses a variety of pharmacological features including free-radical scavenging, antioxidant, antihistamic and antiviral activities. Cynarin blocks the interaction between the CD28 of T-cell receptor and CD80 of antigen presenting cells. Cynarin triggers Nrf2 nuclear translocation, restores the balance of glutathione (GSH) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), and inhibits mitochondrial depolarization.
Int J Mol Med, 2025, 56(6)206
S4263 Efaproxiral Sodium Efaproxiral Sodium(RSR13 Sodium)は、乳がん由来の脳転移に用いられる、ヘモグロビンの合成アロステリック修飾因子です。
E7174 D-α-Tocopherol Succinate D-α-tocopherol succinate (Vitamin E succinate) is an antioxidant tocopherol and a salt form of vitamin E that significantly reduces the cisplatin-induced increase of ROS and decreases cellular necrosis and late apoptosis, thereby inhibiting cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity in HEIOC1 cells. It also exhibits an anti-apoptotic effect.
S4419 Ensulizole Ensulizole (PBSA), a water soluble sunscreen ingredient, is a sulfonated UV absorber which is characterized by intense UVB and partial UVA absorption. Ensulizole can damage the DNA through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon UV or sunlight irradiation.
E8271New Sanguinarine citrate Sanguinarine (gluconate) is a benzophenanthridine alkaloid derived from the root of Sanguinaria canadensis. It activates reactive oxygen species (ROS), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) signaling pathways to induce apoptosis in head and neck tumor cells and animal models. It also exhibits potent anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory activities.